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Cheun-Arom T, Kitisripanya T, Nuntawong P, Sritularak B, Chuanasa T. Exploring anti-diabetic potential of compounds from roots of Dendrobium polyanthum Wall. ex Lindl. through inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes and glycation inhibitory activity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34502. [PMID: 39114042 PMCID: PMC11305242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Eight compounds, including one anthraquinone, two bibenzyls, one phenanthrene, three dihydrophenanthrenes, and one flavonoid, were isolated from the roots of Dendrobium polyanthum Wall. ex Lindl. Among these, six compounds were investigated for inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) production. Additionally, molecular docking was conducted to analyze the interactions of the test compounds with alpha-glucosidase. Moscatin, the only isolated phenanthrene, displayed the strongest anti-alpha-glucosidase activity with an IC50 of 32.45 ± 1.04 μM, approximately 10-fold smaller than that of acarbose. Furthermore, moscatilin most strongly inhibited alpha-amylase and AGEs production with IC50 values of 256.94 ± 9.87 and 67.89 ± 9.42 μM, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed the effective binding of all substances to alpha-glucosidase with smaller lowest binding energy values than acarbose. Moscatin was selected for kinetics studies, and it was identified as a non-competitive inhibitor with approximately 9-fold greater inhibitory capability than acarbose. This study represents the first report on the phytochemical constituents and antidiabetic potential of compounds derived from the roots of D. polyanthum Wall. ex Lindl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaniwan Cheun-Arom
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Tharita Kitisripanya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Poomraphie Nuntawong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Taksina Chuanasa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Elshaer M, Osman SK, Mohammed AM, Zayed G. Co-crystallization of Hesperidin with different co-formers to enhance solubility, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Pharm Dev Technol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39045751 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2378498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HSP) is a natural flavonoid glycoside with very low aqueous solubility and a slow dissolution rate, limiting its effectiveness. This study aims to address these issues by creating co-crystals of hesperidin with water-soluble small molecules (co-formers) such as L-arginine, glutathione, glycine, and nicotinamide. Using the solvent drop grinding method, we prepared three different molar ratios of hesperidin to co-formers (1:1, 1:3, and 1:5) and conducted in-vitro solubility and dissolution studies. The results demonstrated that the prepared co-crystals exhibited significantly enhanced solubility and dissolution rates compared to untreated hesperidin. Of particular note, the HSP co-crystals formula (HSP: L-arg 1:5) displayed approximately 4.5 times higher dissolution than pure hesperidin. Further analysis using FTIR, powder x-ray diffraction patterns, and DSC thermograms validated the formation of co-crystals between HSP and L-arginine. Additionally, co-crystallization with L-arginine improved the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of hesperidin compared to the untreated drug. This study highlights the potential of using water-soluble small molecules (co-formers) through co-crystallization to enhance the solubility, dissolution, and biological activities of poorly water-soluble drugs. Furthermore, in vivo studies are crucial to validate these promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elshaer
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shaaban K Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Gamal Zayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Munir H, Yaqoob S, Awan KA, Imtiaz A, Naveed H, Ahmad N, Naeem M, Sultan W, Ma Y. Unveiling the Chemistry of Citrus Peel: Insights into Nutraceutical Potential and Therapeutic Applications. Foods 2024; 13:1681. [PMID: 38890908 PMCID: PMC11172398 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent millennium has witnessed a notable shift in consumer focus towards natural products for addressing lifestyle-related disorders, driven by their safety and cost-effectiveness. Nutraceuticals and functional foods play an imperative role by meeting nutritional needs and offering medicinal benefits. With increased scientific knowledge and awareness, the significance of a healthy lifestyle, including diet, in reducing disease risk is widely acknowledged, facilitating access to a diverse and safer diet for longevity. Plant-based foods rich in phytochemicals are increasingly popular and effectively utilized in disease management. Agricultural waste from plant-based foods is being recognized as a valuable source of nutraceuticals for dietary interventions. Citrus peels, known for their diverse flavonoids, are emerging as a promising health-promoting ingredient. Globally, citrus production yields approximately 15 million tons of by-products annually, highlighting the substantial potential for utilizing citrus waste in phyto-therapeutic and nutraceutical applications. Citrus peels are a rich source of flavonoids, with concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 5.5 g/100 g dry weight, depending on the citrus variety. The most abundant flavonoids in citrus peel include hesperidin and naringin, as well as essential oils rich in monoterpenes like limonene. The peel extracts exhibit high antioxidant capacity, with DPPH radical scavenging activities ranging from 70 to 90%, comparable to synthetic antioxidants like BHA and BHT. Additionally, the flavonoids present in citrus peel have been found to have antioxidant properties, which can help reduce oxidative stress by 30% and cardiovascular disease by 25%. Potent anti-inflammatory effects have also been demonstrated, reducing inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNF-α by up to 40% in cell culture studies. These findings highlight the potential of citrus peel as a valuable source of nutraceuticals in diet-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussan Munir
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.M.); (S.Y.)
- University Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sanabil Yaqoob
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.M.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.A.A.); (H.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Kanza Aziz Awan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.A.A.); (H.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Aysha Imtiaz
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 03802, Pakistan;
| | - Hiba Naveed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.A.A.); (H.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Waleed Sultan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.A.A.); (H.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Yongkun Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (H.M.); (S.Y.)
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Shin J, Lee Y, Ju SH, Jung YJ, Sim D, Lee SJ. Unveiling the Potential of Natural Compounds: A Comprehensive Review on Adipose Thermogenesis Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4915. [PMID: 38732127 PMCID: PMC11084502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of adipocyte browning has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for combating obesity and obesity-related diseases. Non-shivering thermogenesis is the process of biological heat production in mammals and is primarily mediated via brown adipose tissue (BAT). The recruitment and activation of BAT can be induced through chemical drugs and nutrients, with subsequent beneficial health effects through the utilization of carbohydrates and fats to generate heat to maintain body temperature. However, since potent drugs may show adverse side effects, nutritional or natural substances could be safe and effective as potential adipocyte browning agents. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of the natural food compounds that have been shown to activate brown adipocytes in humans, animals, and in cultured cells. In addition, some key genetic and molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of these natural compounds reported to have therapeutic potential to combat obesity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeeun Shin
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Yeonho Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Seong Hun Ju
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Young Jae Jung
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Daehyeon Sim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (Y.L.); (S.H.J.); (Y.J.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, BK21 Four Institute of Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02846, Republic of Korea
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Wani I, Koppula S, Balda A, Thekkekkara D, Jamadagni A, Walse P, Manjula SN, Kopalli SR. An Update on the Potential of Tangeretin in the Management of Neuroinflammation-Mediated Neurodegenerative Disorders. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:504. [PMID: 38672774 PMCID: PMC11051149 DOI: 10.3390/life14040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is the major cause of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Currently available drugs present relatively low efficacy and are not capable of modifying the course of the disease or delaying its progression. Identifying well-tolerated and brain-penetrant agents of plant origin could fulfil the pressing need for novel treatment techniques for neuroinflammation. Attention has been drawn to a large family of flavonoids in citrus fruits, which may function as strong nutraceuticals in slowing down the development and progression of neuroinflammation. This review is aimed at elucidating and summarizing the effects of the flavonoid tangeretin (TAN) in the management of neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. A literature survey was performed using various resources, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, and Web of Science. The data revealed that TAN exhibited immense neuroprotective effects in addition to its anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonistic effects. The effects of TAN are mainly mediated through the inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory pathways via regulating multiple signaling pathways, including c-Jun N-terminal kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, and CRE-dependent transcription. In conclusion, the citrus flavonoid TAN has the potential to prevent neuronal death mediated by neuroinflammatory pathways and can be developed as an auxiliary therapeutic agent in the management of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Wani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 380-701, Republic of Korea;
| | - Aayushi Balda
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Dithu Thekkekkara
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Ankush Jamadagni
- Fortem Biosciences Private Limited (Ayurvibes), No. 24, Attur, 4th Cross, Tirumala Nagar, A Block, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Prathamesh Walse
- Fortem Biosciences Private Limited (Ayurvibes), No. 24, Attur, 4th Cross, Tirumala Nagar, A Block, Bangalore 560064, India
| | | | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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Villar-López M, Soto-Becerra P, Chedraui P, Osorio-Manyari JD, Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Osorio-Manyari AA, Fernandez-Sosaya JL, Moya-Silvestre E, Rojas PA, Lugo-Martínez G, Mezones-Holguín E. Short-term effects and safety of a natural oral supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols, and citrus flavonoids compared with hormone treatment for the management of postmenopausal symptomatic women: a pilot single-center randomized phase 2 clinical trial. Menopause 2023; 30:1230-1240. [PMID: 37874969 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of an oral herbal supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols, and citrus flavonoids for menopausal symptoms in comparison with estrogen plus progestogen therapy (EPT) among postmenopausal women. METHODS This was a pilot single-blinded, three-armed phase II randomized clinical trial, controlled with EPT. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive treatment for 3 months: (1) an oral herbal supplement of 1,500 mg/d (G1, n = 20), (2) an oral herbal supplement of 3,000 mg/d (G2, n = 20), or (3) conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg/d plus medroxyprogesterone acetate of 5 mg/d (EPT group, n = 20). The primary endpoint was the intensity of menopausal symptoms as measured using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (global and domain scores). The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire uses a 7-point scale to rate the symptom intensity, with higher scores indicating severity. The secondary endpoints were hormonal, lipid, and safety profiles. RESULTS Fifty-four participants (n = 54) completed the study. The mean, model-estimated, and global menopausal symptom scores at 3 months were 85.8 in the EPT group, 61.3 in G1, and 62.5 in G2. Participants treated with the herbal compound had lower global (13.7 [6.9-20.4], P < 0.001) and physical symptom scores (6.6 [1.6-11.5], P = 0.002) on the second month and lower psychosocial symptom scores (3.8 [1.3 to 6.3], P < 0.001) on the third month of follow-up, compared with EPT. Conversely, participants receiving EPT showed better outcomes on vasomotor symptoms since the first month of treatment (-6.1 [-8.3 to -4.0], P < 0.001). The EPT group exhibited higher values of estradiol and lower follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone since the first month of follow-up. Also, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in this group than in G2. CONCLUSIONS In this small single-blind exploratory trial, the oral herbal supplement was more efficacious in reducing global, physical, and psychosocial menopausal symptoms in the short term than EPT. However, further studies are needed to adequately assess the efficacy and safety of this herbal supplement in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Chedraui
- Escuela de Posgrado en Salud, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | | | - Ali Al-Kassab-Córdova
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú
| | | | | | | | - Percy A Rojas
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Unidad de Biotecnología Molecular, Lima, Perú
| | - Gabriela Lugo-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Ciudad de México, México
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Raza W, Meena A, Luqman S. 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone restricts proliferation of androgen-independent human prostate adenocarcinoma cells by inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis and reduces tumour growth. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23474. [PMID: 37477197 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are among the largest groups of secondary metabolites. Studies suggest that dietary intake of flavonoids reduces the risk of cancer. 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone (THF) belongs to the flavone class of flavonoids and potentially inhibits the growth of many cancers; however, it is unexplored in prostate cancer. This study reports the antiproliferative potential of THF in prostate cancer cell line via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cascades and examines the tumour reduction potential in swiss albino mice. The potency of THF was evaluated by employing cytotoxicity assays and wound healing assays. Cell cycle, ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and Annexin-V-FITC assay were performed using a flow cytometer. In vivo, anticancer potential was achieved using the mice Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) model. THF inhibits cell growth with IC50 of 64.30 µM (MTT), 81.22 µM (NRU) and 25.81 µM (SRB), substantiated by cell migration assay. Cell-cycle analysis revealed that THF increases the subdiploid population. Furthermore, the Annexin-V-FITC assay evoked a significant induction of late apoptosis at a higher concentration of THF. THF also disrupts MMP, caused by an increased generation of ROS. In the EAC model, THF significantly inhibits tumour growth and increases the percent survival of mice and ROS levels in EAC cells. Hence, it may be concluded that THF might execute its antiproliferative effect via inducing ROS generation and could be a promising lead for preclinical and clinical validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Laila IMI, Kassem SH, Diab MSEM. Ameliorative effect of hesperidin against high dose sildenafil-induced liver and testicular oxidative stress and altered gene expression in male rats. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:22. [PMID: 37735416 PMCID: PMC10512510 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical use of sildenafil citrate (Viagra), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, is limited because of its many side effects on tissues. In this context, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, on hepatic and testicular damage induced by a high dose of sildenafil citrate in male rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was used as the control group. The second group was orally administered sildenafil citrate at a high dose of 75 mg/kg thrice a week. In the third group, hesperidin was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. The fourth group was administered 75 mg/kg sildenafil citrate three times a week with 50 mg/kg hesperidin daily. The experiment lasted for 28 days. RESULTS In the sildenafil-treated groups, blood indices were altered, liver function tests were deranged, and serum testosterone levels were reduced. In the liver and testicular tissue, sildenafil citrate treatment resulted in significant reductions in catalase and total antioxidant capacity; as well as increased malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and nitrous oxide levels. In addition, sildenafil citrate treatment caused abnormal histopathological patterns in both the liver and the testes. Liver vascular endothelial growth factor and testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene expression were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Hesperidin attenuated the harmful effects of intensive sildenafil citrate treatment on liver and testicular functions, alleviated oxidative stress and normalized blood indices. Therefore, hesperidin could be protective against sildenafil citrate-induced oxidative damage that may develop over the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M. Ibrahim Laila
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, Egyptian Drug Authority (National Organization for Drug Control and Research Formerly), Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar HassabAllah Kassem
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah ElDin Mohamed Diab
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, Egyptian Drug Authority (National Organization for Drug Control and Research Formerly), Giza, Egypt
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Önder GÖ, Göktepe Ö, Baran M, Bitgen N, Aydin F, Yay A. Therapeutic potential of hesperidin: Apoptosis induction in breast cancer cell lines. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113791. [PMID: 37080525 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits. Studies have shown that hesperidin has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, as well as its effectiveness in carcinogenesis. In this paper, we aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms of hesperidin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of hesperidin on cellular proliferation was evaluated with the MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis of hesperidin-treated cells was then performed, as well as immunocytochemical analysis of the effect on the apoptosis pathway (TUNEL, Bax, and Bcl-2 expression). Moreover, hesperidin induced cellular apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inhibiting Bcl-2 and enhancing Bax expression at protein levels. On the other hand, hesperidin caused apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, but it did not activate the Bax/Bcl-2 pathway. Hesperidin also induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. These findings showed that hesperidin is a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing the progression of breast cancer. In addition, hesperidin could significantly stimulate the death mechanisms in ER/PR (+) MCF-7 cells by changing the expression balance of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, but lead ER/PR (-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to apoptosis in a different way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Özge Önder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Özge Göktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Münevver Baran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Nazmiye Bitgen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Funda Aydin
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Sciences, Van, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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10
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Zhang J, Chen J, Xu J, Xue C, Mao Z. Plant-derived compounds for treating autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2023; 3:1071441. [PMID: 37675342 PMCID: PMC10479581 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2023.1071441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common monogenic hereditary kidney disease, is the fourth leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. In recent years, significant progress has been made in delaying ADPKD progression with different kinds of chemical drugs, such as tolvaptan, rapamycin, and somatostatin. Meanwhile, numerous plant-derived compounds have been investigated for their beneficial effects on slowing ADPKD progression. Among them, saikosaponin-d, Ganoderma triterpenes, curcumin, ginkgolide B, steviol, resveratrol, Sparganum stoloniferum Buch.-Ham, Cordyceps sinensis, triptolide, quercitrin, naringin, cardamonin, gambogic acid, and olive leaf extract have been found to retard renal cyst development by inhibiting cell proliferation or promoting cell apoptosis in renal cyst-lining epithelial cells. Metformin, a synthesized compound derived from French lilac or goat's rue (Galega officinalis), has been proven to retard the progression of ADPKD. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of plant-derived compounds in treating ADPKD, which may constitute promising new therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Xue
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguo Mao
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Lo Iacono M, Gaggianesi M, Bianca P, Brancato OR, Muratore G, Modica C, Roozafzay N, Shams K, Colarossi L, Colarossi C, Memeo L, Turdo A, Veschi V, Di Franco S, Todaro M, Stassi G. Destroying the Shield of Cancer Stem Cells: Natural Compounds as Promising Players in Cancer Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6996. [PMID: 36498571 PMCID: PMC9737492 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In a scenario where eco-sustainability and a reduction in chemotherapeutic drug waste are certainly a prerogative to safeguard the biosphere, the use of natural products (NPs) represents an alternative therapeutic approach to counteract cancer diseases. The presence of a heterogeneous cancer stem cell (CSC) population within a tumor bulk is related to disease recurrence and therapy resistance. For this reason, CSC targeting presents a promising strategy for hampering cancer recurrence. Increasing evidence shows that NPs can inhibit crucial signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of CSC stemness and sensitize CSCs to standard chemotherapeutic treatments. Moreover, their limited toxicity and low costs for large-scale production could accelerate the use of NPs in clinical settings. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant studies regarding the effects of NPs derived from major natural sources, e.g., food, botanical, and marine species, on CSCs, elucidating their use in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ornella Roberta Brancato
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Muratore
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Modica
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Narges Roozafzay
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Kimiya Shams
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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12
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Naringin’s Prooxidant Effect on Tumor Cells: Copper’s Role and Therapeutic Implications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15111431. [PMID: 36422562 PMCID: PMC9697029 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenolic chemicals are important components of human nutrition and have been found to have chemotherapeutic effects against a variety of cancers. Several studies in animal models have proven polyphenols’ potential to promote apoptosis and tumor regression. However, the method by which polyphenols show their anticancer effects on malignant cells is not well understood. It is generally known that cellular copper rises within malignant cells and in the serum of cancer patients. In this communication, investigations reveal that naringin (a polyphenol found in citrus fruits) can strongly suppress cell proliferation and trigger apoptosis in various cancer cell lines in the presence of copper ions. The cuprous chelator neocuproine, which confirms copper-mediated DNA damage, prevents such cell death to a large extent. The studies further show that the cellular copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A have a role in the survival dynamics of malignant cells after naringin exposure. The findings emphasize the crucial function of copper dynamics and mobilization in cancer cells and pave the path for a better understanding of polyphenols as nutraceutical supplements for cancer prevention and treatment.
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13
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Agri-Food By-Products in Cancer: New Targets and Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225517. [PMID: 36428610 PMCID: PMC9688227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The globalization and the changes in consumer lifestyles are forcing us to face a deep transformation in food demand and in the organization of the entire food production system. In this new era, the food-loss and food-waste security nexus is relevant in the global debate and avoiding unsustainable waste in agri-food systems as well as the supply chain is a big challenge. "Food waste" is useful for the recovery of its valuable components, thus it can assume the connotation of a "food by-product". Sustainable utilization of agri-food waste by-products provides a great opportunity. Increasing evidence shows that agri-food by-products are a source of different bioactive molecules that lower the inflammatory state and, hence, the aggressiveness of several proliferative diseases. This review aims to summarize the effects of agri-food by-products derivatives, already recognized as promising therapeutics in human diseases, including different cancer types, such as breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Here, we examine products modulating or interfering in the signaling mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor.
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14
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Gupta SP, Tiwari P, Sharma B. Protective Effect of Methanolic Extract of Euglena tuba Against Dalton Lymphoma Induced Oxidative Stress in BALB/c Mice. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 37:410-422. [PMID: 36262781 PMCID: PMC9573845 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-021-01011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The identification and pharmacological validation of plant-based lead compounds for the cure of different diseases including cancer have always been globally strived. In addition to possessing numerous medicinal properties, many of the phytochemicals display antioxidant potential activities. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) causeoxidative stress leading to several severe diseases such as cancer. The antioxidants are substances that fight against ROS to protect the cells from their damaging effects. In the present study, the effects of methanol extract of Euglena tuba(ETME) have been evaluated for its antioxidant and antitumor potential against Dalton's lymphoma (DL) introduced in BALB/cmice. After 24 h of intraperitoneal inoculation of DL cells in mice, ETME (300 mg kg-1 body weight) was administered intraperitoneally upto18 alternative days. On the 18th day, the mice were sacrificed; the blood and tissues (liver and brain) were collected to determine the tumor growth parameters including morphological, behavioural, haematological profile, and antioxidant indices. The results indicated that ETME exhibited significant antioxidative and antitumor properties when compared with the data from DL bearing mice. The results from the present study indicated that ETME contained remarkable antitumor efficacy, which was mediated through amelioration of oxidative stress. The data suggested that ETME could be used as a potential natural anticancer agent.
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15
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Potential Role of Polyphenolic Flavonoids as Senotherapeutic Agents in Degenerative Diseases and Geroprotection. Pharmaceut Med 2022; 36:331-352. [PMID: 36100824 PMCID: PMC9470070 DOI: 10.1007/s40290-022-00444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
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16
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Hesperidin: A Review on Extraction Methods, Stability and Biological Activities. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122387. [PMID: 35745117 PMCID: PMC9227685 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid occurring in high concentrations in citrus fruits. Its use has been associated with a great number of health benefits, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. The food industry uses large quantities of citrus fruit, especially for the production of juice. It results in the accumulation of huge amounts of by-products such as peels, seeds, cell and membrane residues, which are also a good source of hesperidin. Thus, its extraction from these by-products has attracted considerable scientific interest with aim to use as natural antioxidants. In this review, the extraction and determination methods for quantification of hesperidin in fruits and by-products are presented and discussed as well as its stability and biological activities.
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17
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Alterations in reproductive parameters and steroid biosynthesis induced by nickel oxide nanoparticles in male rats: The ameliorative effect of hesperidin. Toxicology 2022; 473:153208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Maiuolo J, Musolino V, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Oppedisano F, Nucera S, Scarano F, Scicchitano M, Guarnieri L, Bosco F, Macrì R, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Ilari S, Mollace A, Muscoli C, Cognetti F, Mollace V. The Employment of Genera Vaccinium, Citrus, Olea, and Cynara Polyphenols for the Reduction of Selected Anti-Cancer Drug Side Effects. Nutrients 2022; 14:1574. [PMID: 35458136 PMCID: PMC9025632 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most widespread diseases globally and one of the leading causes of death. Known cancer treatments are chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, targeted hormonal therapy, or a combination of these methods. Antitumor drugs, with different mechanisms, interfere with cancer growth by destroying cancer cells. However, anticancer drugs are dangerous, as they significantly affect both cancer cells and healthy cells. In addition, there may be the onset of systemic side effects perceived and mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and further carcinogenicity. Many polyphenolic extracts, taken on top of common anti-tumor drugs, can participate in the anti-proliferative effect of drugs and significantly reduce the side effects developed. This review aims to discuss the current scientific knowledge of the protective effects of polyphenols of the genera Vaccinium, Citrus, Olea, and Cynara on the side effects induced by four known chemotherapy, Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Tamoxifen, and Paclitaxel. In particular, the summarized data will help to understand whether polyphenols can be used as adjuvants in cancer therapy, although further clinical trials will provide crucial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- Laboratoy of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Canzaro, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Laboratoy of Pharmaceutical Biology, IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Canzaro, Italy;
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sara Ilari
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Annachiara Mollace
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.G.); (C.C.); (F.O.); (S.N.); (F.S.); (M.S.); (L.G.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (S.I.); (V.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Kihara-Negishi F, Ohkura N, Takahashi Y, Fujita T, Nakamura Y, Maruyama K, Oshitari T, Yamaguchi S. Nobiletin and 3′-Demethyl Nobiletin Activate Brown Adipocytes upon β-Adrenergic Stimulation. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:528-533. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Lee YH, Yeo MH, Yoon SA, Hyun HB, Ham YM, Jung YH, Jang H, Chang KS. Extracts of Citrus Juice Processing Wastes Induce Weight Gain and Decrease Serum Glucose in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:70-77. [PMID: 35465119 PMCID: PMC9007710 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the safety and functionality of using citrus juice processing waste (CJPW) was confirmed. Large quantities of CJPW are generated on Jeju Island and cause environmental problems. CJPW extract (2,000 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 14 days and the rats were analyzed. No general signs of toxicity were observed in SD rats administered CJPW extract. Feed intake did not differ between experimental and control animals. However, male and female rats administered CJPW extract had greater weight gain (102.9±5.53% and 114.15±6.89%, respectively) compared with the control animals. Higher weight gain was found in male and female experimental animals, but the difference was only significant in female animals. Serum analyses indicated that total protein and albumin, indicators of nutritional status, were significantly increased in animals administered CJPW. Further, serum glucose values were lower in male and female rats treated with CJPW (91.6±9.02% and 69.9±4.11%, respectively) compared with the controls; again, the difference was significant only for female animals. From the results of this study, CJPW can be considered as a safe material that does not induce toxicity in experimental animals. Therefore, CJPW is a potential raw material that can be used as a supplement in animal feed to help improve weight gain and achieve serum glucose con-trol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Yeo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea
| | - Seon-A Yoon
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Ho-Bong Hyun
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | | | | | - Hyun Jang
- Libentech Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34013, Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Korea
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21
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Xu J, Guo Z, Yuan S, Li H. BCL2L1 is identified as a target of naringenin in regulating ovarian cancer progression. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1541-1553. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment on Extraction Efficiency of Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds from Citrus Waste By-Products. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8120244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste or by-product use is in focus for reducing the environmental threat and acquiring wealth out of waste. The current study aim was to investigate the effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the extraction of bioactive compounds and composition of essential oils extracted from citrus waste. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize higher yield extraction parameters. Pretreatment of ultrasound-assisted extraction recovered 33% enhanced yield with reduced time and was economical as compared to conventional hydro-distilled process. The functional quality of essential oil was determined using FTIR and GC-MS. Antioxidants from citrus peel and pulp/pomace were extracted and analyzed by spectroscopic techniques. The quantification of bioactive compounds from citrus waste was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mass transfer rate of antioxidants from peel and pomace were 30% increased as a result of ultrasound-assisted treatment. The significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher TPC (735.54 mg/100 g) and antioxidant activity (44.26%) was recorded in Citrus sinensis Pulp and peel respectively. The bioactive compounds such as hesperidin (31.52 mg/100 g) was significantly higher in (p ≤ 0.05) in Citrus sinensis pulnd extract. Vanillin was found 1.21 mg/100 g in peel extract of citrus fruit, moreover vanillin was not detected in pulp extract. Myrecitin was not detected in both the samples. The bioactive natural compounds extracted from citrus peel can be used in food and pharma sector as natural anti-oxidantcompounds.
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Wu GJ, Chen KY, Yang JD, Liu SH, Chen RM. Naringin Improves Osteoblast Mineralization and Bone Healing and Strength through Regulating Estrogen Receptor Alpha-Dependent Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13020-13033. [PMID: 34723490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are strongly recommended for treating osteoporosis. Our previous study showed that naringin, a citrus flavonoid, can enhance the bone mass in ovariectomized rats. In this study, we further elucidated the mechanisms of naringin-induced osteoblast maturation and bone healing. Treatment of human osteoblasts with naringin increased cell viability and proliferation. In parallel, exposure to naringin enhanced translocation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) to nuclei and its transactivation activity. Sequentially, naringin induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA and protein expression and its enzyme activity. Pretreatment with methylpiperidinopyrazole (MPP), a specific inhibitor of ERα, attenuated naringin-induced augmentations in ERα transactivation activity, ALP gene expression, and cell mineralization. The beneficial effects of naringin were also confirmed in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, administration of mice with a bone defect with naringin increased levels of ERα and ALP in damaged sites and simultaneously enhanced the healing rate and bone strength. Nevertheless, treatment with MPP weakened naringin-triggered expression of ERα and ALP and improved bone healing and mass. Therefore, naringin could improve osteoblast mineralization and bone healing via regulating ERα-dependent ALP gene expression. Naringin can be clinically applied for treatment of osteoporosis-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Jhe Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Yen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Di Yang
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Villar-López M, Soto-Becerra P, Curse Choque R, Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Bernuy-Barrera F, Palomino H, Rojas PA, Vera C, Lugo-Martínez G, Mezones-Holguín E. Safety and tolerability of a natural supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols and citrus flavonoids in adult women: a randomized phase I, placebo-controlled, multi-arm, double-blinded clinical trial. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:906-913. [PMID: 34379025 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1960965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and tolerability of an oral herbal supplement containing glucosinolates, phytosterols, and citrus flavonoids (Warmi®, Lima Perú;) in otherwise healthy adult women. METHODS This was a phase-I, randomized parallel three arms, double-blinded, and a placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 55 participants aged 18-40 were randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive for three months: (1) an oral herbal supplement of 1650 mg/day; (2) an oral herbal supplement of 3300 mg/day; or (3) an oral placebo 3300 mg/day. The primary endpoints were oral safety and tolerability of the supplement. The secondary endpoint was its effect on vital functions, anthropometrics, and laboratory tests. We used an exploratory approach by covariance analysis (ANCOVA) adjusted for the variables' baseline value for the secondary outcomes. RESULTS All women completed three months of follow-up, reporting no side effects. Our exploratory analysis revealed that treatment with the herbal supplement of 1650 mg/day was associated with increased glucose and uric acid levels. In comparison, the herbal supplement 3300 mg/day was associated with reduced breathing rate, increased basal temperature, and systolic blood pressure, both compared to the placebo group. However, despite significant differences, none of these was clinically significant. CONCLUSION The oral herbal supplement had a favorable safety and tolerability profile in studied women. There is a need to study its potential as an option to treat menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Villar-López
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Medicina "San Fernando", Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Lima, Perú
| | - Percy Soto-Becerra
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Lima, Perú
- Epi-gnosis Solutions, Piura, Perú
| | - Ruth Curse Choque
- Hospital Carlos Alcántara Butterfield, Servicio de Pediatría, Lima, Perú
| | - Ali Al-Kassab-Córdova
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Lima, Perú
| | - Félix Bernuy-Barrera
- Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Facultad de Medicina Hipólito Unanue, Lima, Perú
| | - Henry Palomino
- Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Lima, Perú
| | - Percy A Rojas
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Unidad de Biotecnología Molecular, Lima, Perú
| | - Carmela Vera
- Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Lima, Servicio de Psicología, Perú
| | - Gabriela Lugo-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edward Mezones-Holguín
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Lima, Perú
- Epi-gnosis Solutions, Piura, Perú
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Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101353. [PMID: 34680470 PMCID: PMC8533186 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. Natural products are accessible, inexpensive, and less toxic sources of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, they have multiple mechanisms of action to inhibit various targets involved in the development of drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the basic research and clinical applications of natural products as possible inhibitors for drug resistance in cancer. The molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of each natural product are also explained. Diverse drug resistance biomarkers were sensitive to natural products. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein can be targeted by a large number of natural products. On the other hand, protein kinase C and topoisomerases were less sensitive to most of the studied natural products. The studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for scientists to explore the possible use of natural products in combination anticancer therapies to overcome drug resistance by targeting multiple drug resistance mechanisms.
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Apigenin enhances apoptosis induction by 5-fluorouracil through regulation of thymidylate synthase in colorectal cancer cells. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102144. [PMID: 34562873 PMCID: PMC8476449 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although effective drugs have been developed, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) shows low therapeutic sensitivity resulting from the development of 5-FU resistance. Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a target protein of 5-FU, and elevated TS lowers the 5-FU sensitivity of CRC cells. Here, we tested the efficacy of several candidate phytochemicals against human CRC-derived HCT116 cells expressing wild-type tumor suppressor protein P53 and HT29 cells expressing mutant P53. Among them, we found that apigenin enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on cell viability. In addition, apigenin inhibited the upregulation of TS induced by 5-FU. Apigenin also potentiated 5-FU-induced apoptosis of HCT116 cells and enhanced cell cycle disruption. Furthermore, apigenin increased reactive oxygen species production, intracellular and intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations, and mitochondrial membrane potential upon cotreatment with 5-FU. Knockdown of forkhead box protein M, a transcription factor modulating 5-FU sensitivity, enhanced the potentiation of apoptosis by apigenin in HCT116 cells. Moreover, apigenin suppressed TS expression and inhibited the viability of 5-FU-resistant HCT116 cells. Therefore, apigenin may improve the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU against CRC by suppressing TS, but apoptosis induction is mainly dependent on functional P53. Apigenin inhibits the upregulation of TS induced by 5-FU for apoptosis of CRC. FOXM1 silencing enhances the potentiation of apoptosis by apigenin. Suppressing TS and promoting P53 activity by apigenin reduce acquired 5-FU resistance.
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Li D, Ding Z, Du K, Ye X, Cheng S. Reactive Oxygen Species as a Link between Antioxidant Pathways and Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5583215. [PMID: 34336103 PMCID: PMC8324391 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5583215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that can oxidize proteins, lipids, and DNA. Under physiological conditions, ROS are mainly generated in the mitochondria during aerobic metabolism. Under pathological conditions, excessive ROS disrupt cellular homeostasis. High levels of ROS result in severe oxidative damage to the cellular machinery. However, a low/mild level of ROS could serve as a signal to trigger cell survival mechanisms. To prevent and cope with oxidative damage to biomolecules, cells have developed various antioxidant and detoxifying mechanisms. Meanwhile, ROS can initiate autophagy, a process of self-clearance, which helps to reduce oxidative damage by engulfing and degrading oxidized substance. This review summarizes the interactions among ROS, autophagy, and antioxidant pathways. The effects of natural phytochemicals on autophagy induction, antioxidation, and dual-function are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongxian Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangshi Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shixue Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Singh RK, Kumar S, Tomar MS, Verma PK, Kumar A, Kumar S, Kumar N, Singh JP, Acharya A. Putative role of natural products as Protein Kinase C modulator in different disease conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:397-414. [PMID: 34216003 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protein kinase C (PKC) is a promising drug target for various therapeutic areas. Natural products derived from plants, animals, microorganisms, and marine organisms have been used by humans as medicine from prehistoric times. Recently, several compounds derived from plants have been found to modulate PKC activities through competitive binding with ATP binding site, and other allosteric regions of PKC. As a result fresh race has been started in academia and pharmaceutical companies to develop an effective naturally derived small-molecule inhibitor to target PKC activities. Herein, in this review, we have discussed several natural products and their derivatives, which are reported to have an impact on PKC signaling cascade. METHODS All information presented in this review article regarding the regulation of PKC by natural products has been acquired by a systematic search of various electronic databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of science, ResearchGate, and PubMed. The keywords PKC, natural products, curcumin, rottlerin, quercetin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin-3 gallate, ingenol 3 angelate, resveratrol, protocatechuic acid, tannic acid, PKC modulators from marine organism, bryostatin, staurosporine, midostaurin, sangivamycin, and other relevant key words were explored. RESULTS The natural products and their derivatives including curcumin, rottlerin, quercetin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin-3 gallate, ingenol 3 angelate, resveratrol, bryostatin, staurosporine, and midostaurin play a major role in the management of PKC activity during various disease progression. CONCLUSION Based on the comprehensive literature survey, it could be concluded that various natural products can regulate PKC activity during disease progression. However, extensive research is needed to circumvent the challenge of isoform specific regulation of PKC by natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Kant Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Munendra Singh Tomar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Denver, USA
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Jai Prakash Singh
- Department of Panchkarma, Institute of Medical Science, BHU, Varanasi, India, 221005
| | - Arbind Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, BHU, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Suzery M, Cahyono B, Amalina ND. Citrus sinensis (L) Peels Extract Inhibits Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting the Downregulation Matrix Metalloproteinases-9. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Long-term use of doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy causes several side effects, especially induction of metastasis on breast cancer (BC). There is an urgent need to identify novel agent with low side effect targeting BC metastasis. Citrus sinensis (L.) peels extract (CSP) has long been used for the treatment of several cancer. However, its anti-metastatic potential against BC metastatic remains unclear.
Objective:
This study aimed to explore the role of CSP in combination with DOX in inhibiting the migration of metastatic breast cancer MDAMB-231 cells.
Material and Methods:
Potential cytotoxic in single and combination was analysed 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT assay). The anti-metastatic activities of several major compound on CSP including hesperetin, tangeretin, nobiletin, naringenin and hesperidin were screened by molecular docking under PLANTS software.
Results:
Based on molecular docking we revealed that the selected protein target MMP-9 (PBD ID:2OVX) has lower docking score for hesperetin, tangeretin, nobiletin, naringenin and hesperidin compare to DOX. CSP and DOX individually exhibited strong cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231 cells under MTT assay with IC50 value of 344 µg/mL and 85 nM, respectively. Furthermore, CSP in combination with DOX synergistically increased the cytotoxicity of DOX. Here, we showed that CSP can specifically suppress the side effect of DOX-induced metastasis by reduces doses of DOX. However, low doses of DOX in combination with CSP still potential inhibited cancer cells growth.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, CSP increased the cytotoxicity and inhibited the induction of metastasis by DOX in breast cancer cells. So that, CSP potential to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agent.
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Gonçalves CFL, Hecht F, Cazarin J, Fortunato RS, Vaisman M, Carvalho DPD, Ferreira ACF. The flavonoid quercetin reduces cell migration and increases NIS and E-cadherin mRNA in the human thyroid cancer cell line BCPAP. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 529:111266. [PMID: 33831503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most frequent cancer of the endocrine system. Most patients are treated with thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine therapy. However, in part of the patients, a reduction of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) occurs, rendering radioiodine therapy ineffective. Moreover, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may occur, leading to more aggressive and invasive features. Herein, we evaluated the effect of the flavonoid quercetin on EMT and NIS expression in BCPAP, a papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line. BCPAP was treated with 100 μM quercetin for 24 h and cell viability, apoptosis, EMT markers and NIS were evaluated. Quercetin decreased cell viability by enhancing apoptosis. The flavonoid also reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 and increased E-cadherin mRNA levels, inhibiting BCPAP adhesion and migration. Additionally, quercetin increased NIS expression and function. Thus, our results suggest that quercetin could be useful as adjuvant in thyroid cancer therapy, inducing apoptosis, reducing invasion and increasing the efficacy of radioiodine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Frederico Lima Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Fabio Hecht
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Cazarin
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Sinalização Redox, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Mario Vaisman
- Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (HUCFF/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil; NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Almeer RS, Muhammad NAE, Othman MS, Aref AM, Elgamal B, Moneim AEA. The Potential Protective Effect of Orange Peel and Selenium against 17β-Estradiol- Induced Chronic Non-Bacterial Prostatitis in Rats. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1061-1071. [PMID: 32228431 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200331102609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate Cancer (PCa) is defined as a major health problem faced by the male population. AIM We aimed to investigate the protective effects of Orange Peel Extract (OPE) and/or Selenium (Se) on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis in a rat model. METHODS Fifty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were castrated; after 5 days, they were divided randomly into eight groups (n= 7). The control group received saline treatment; while 17β-estradiol (E2) (0.25mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously in rats from Groups V, VI, VII, and VIII to induce chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. They were then treated with OPE (400mg/kg body weight; Groups II, IV, VI, and VIII) and/or sodium selenite (0.5mg/kg body weight; Groups III, IV, VII, and VIII) for 30 days. Interleukin-2 (IL2) and Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3) mRNA expressions were determined using qPCR; Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) protein expression was determined immunohistochemically. Prostate tissue histology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the levels of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes were measured. RESULTS E2 administration significantly increased IL2 and PCA3 mRNA expressions, and PSA protein expression. It also increased the prostate wet weight and body weight, and lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels, decreased the glutathione and antioxidant enzyme levels and caused distinct histological alterations in the prostate gland. OPE and/or Se markedly improved all the studied parameters due to their antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION OPE and Se showed protective effects against 17β-estradiol-induced chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. These results suggest that protection of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis by OPE+Se combination involves anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. Moreover, their synergistic mechanism was mostly achieved via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A E Muhammad
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Othman
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Aref
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Basma Elgamal
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Arigò A, Dugo P, Rigano F, Mondello L. Linear retention index approach applied to liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to determine oxygen heterocyclic compounds at trace level in finished cosmetics. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462183. [PMID: 34038784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the European Union, cosmetic products are regulated by the Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009. The Analytical Working Group of the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) suggested that a new sensitive analytical method is needed to determine psoralens in finished cosmetic products. This research provides an HPLC-MS/MS method for the quality control of 20 furocoumarins, 8 coumarins and 7 polymethoxyflavones in cosmetics. Thanks to the high sensitivity of the tandem mass spectrometry detection in Multiple Reaction Monitoring mode, psoralens contained in trace have been quantified in different products. The Limits of Quantifications were in the range 0.3-74 μg L-1. A reliable identification was achieved combining the Linear Retention Index (LRI) system with the MS and MS/MS libraries. In particular, the attribution was based on the spectra similarity filtered by the LRI parameter. The robustness and reproducibility of the LRI approach was demonstrated by the comparison of the HPLC-MS/MS results here reported with those obtained in our previous study, by using an HPLC-PDA system. This method could be taken into account for quality control of furocoumarins in cosmetics, and by the main associations, such as IFRA, for the purpose of issuing new opinions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arigò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy; BeSep s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Rigano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy; BeSep s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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El-Deek SEM, Abd-Elghaffar SKH, Hna RS, Mohamed HG, El-Deek HEM. Effect of Hesperidin against Induced Colon Cancer in Rats: Impact of Smad4 and Activin A Signaling Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:697-714. [PMID: 33818196 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1907424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE To evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of hesperidin (Hsd) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) and demonstrate its role in mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4(Smad4) and activin A signaling pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS A CRC rat model was established by DMH exposure, and the animals were randomly divided into five groups: Control group, Hsd, DMH, DMH + Hsd, and DMH followed by Hsd. The resected colon was subjected to macroscopic, microscopic, molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination. Activin A, Smad4, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in tissues were also measured. The DMH group exhibited a significant increase in the gene and protein expression of activin A as well as MDA and NO levels in tissues. There was a significant reduction in the gene and protein expression of Smad4 as well as GSH and SOD levels in tissues. Administration of Hsd significantly upregulated Smad4 and activin A gene expressions in both the DMH + Hsd and DMH followed by Hsd groups. Moreover, Hsd improved the antioxidant status of the former two groups. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the chemopreventive effect of Hsd against CRC by modulating Smad4 and activin A signaling in vivo. Further studies are needed to demonstrate its clinical value and explore its possible role in advanced malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar E M El-Deek
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sary K H Abd-Elghaffar
- Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Randa S Hna
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba G Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba E M El-Deek
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Ghanbari-Movahed M, Jackson G, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. A Systematic Review of the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Naringin Against Human Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639840. [PMID: 33854437 PMCID: PMC8039459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural product-based cancer preventive and therapeutic entities, such as flavonoids and their derivatives, are shown to have a noticeable capability to suppress tumor formation and cancer cell growth. Naringin, a natural flavanone glycoside present in various plant species, has been indicated to modulate different signaling pathways and interact with numerous cell signaling molecules, which allows for an extensive variety of pharmacological actions, such as amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic syndromes, bone disorders, and cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to present a critical and comprehensive assessment of the antitumor ability of naringin and associated molecular targets in various cancers. Methods: Studies were identified through systematic searches of Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus as well as eligibility checks according to predefined selection criteria. Results: Eighty-seven studies were included in this systematic review. There was strong evidence for the association between treatment with naringin alone, or combined with other drugs and antitumor activity. Additionally, studies showed that naringin-metal complexes have greater anticancer effects compared to free naringin. It has been demonstrated that naringin employs multitargeted mechanisms to hamper cancer initiation, promotion, and progression through modulation of several dysregulated signaling cascades implicated in cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Conclusion: The results of our work show that naringin is a promising candidate for cancer prevention and treatment, and might offer substantial support for the clinical application of this phytocompound in the future. Nevertheless, further preclinical and clinical studies as well as drug delivery approaches are needed for designing novel formulations of naringin to realize the full potential of this flavonoid in cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghanbari-Movahed
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Gloria Jackson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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Therapeutic Implications of a Polymethoxylated Flavone, Tangeretin, in the Management of Cancer via Modulation of Different Molecular Pathways. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2021; 2021:4709818. [PMID: 33748757 PMCID: PMC7954633 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4709818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutics can induce oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and abnormalities in neurotransmitter metabolism leading to toxicity. Because there have been no therapeutic strategies developed to target inflammation and oxidative stress, there is a continuing need for new and improved therapy. As a result, there has been increasing interest in complementary and alternative medicine with anticancer potential. Studies have shown that the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of citrus fruits are promising natural phytochemicals in the development of new anticancer agents. Tangeretin is a naturally polymethoxylated flavone compound extracted from the citrus peel that has shown significant intestinal absorption and adequate bioavailability, with the added benefit of promoting longevity. In addition, tangeretin is known to exhibit considerable selective toxicity to many types of cancer cell proliferation such as ovarian, brain, blood, and skin cancer. Evidence indicates that tangeretin acts through several mechanisms including growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis, autophagy, antiangiogenesis, and estrogenic-like effects. Furthermore, tangeretin works through mitigating levels of inflammatory mediators in the immune system. Using tangeretin in combination with clinically applied anticancer drugs could be a good strategy for increasing the efficiency of these agents and protecting noncancerous cells from damage caused by chemotherapy. The purpose of this review is to highlight the protective effects of a novel natural product, tangeretin against chemotherapeutic-induced toxicity. The development of chemoprevention strategies can lead to significant health care improvement in cancer survivors. Thus, study outcomes may attract more investigators to conduct tangeretin-related research and find out potentially significant impacts on health care of cancer patients and decreased health problems associated with chemotherapeutics-induced toxicity.
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Mdkhana B, Zaher DM, Abdin SM, Omar HA. Tangeretin boosts the anticancer activity of metformin in breast cancer cells via curbing the energy production. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 83:153470. [PMID: 33524703 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the first leading cause of women cancer-related deaths worldwide. While there are many proposed treatments for breast cancer, low efficacy, toxicity, and resistance are still major therapeutic obstacles. Thus, there is a need for safer and more effective therapeutic approaches. Because of the direct link between obesity and carcinogenesis, energy restriction mimetic agents (ERMAs) such as the antidiabetic agent, metformin was proposed as a novel antiproliferative agent. However, the anticancer dose of metformin alone is relatively high and impractical to be implemented safely in patients. The current work aimed to sensitize resistant breast cancer cells to metformin's antiproliferative effect using the natural potential anticancer agent, tangeretin. METHODS The possible synergistic combination between metformin and tangeretin was initially evaluated using MTT cell viability assay in different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and their resistant phenotype). The possible mechanisms of synergy were investigated via Western blotting analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, annexin/PI assay, cell cycle analysis, and wound healing assay. RESULTS The results indicated the ability of tangeretin to improve the anticancer activity of metformin. Interestingly, the improved activity was almost equally observed in both parental and resistant cancer cells, which underlines the importance of this combination in cases of the emergence of resistance. The synergy was mediated through the enhanced activation of AMPK and ROS generation in addition to the improved inhibition of cell migration, induction of cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in cancer cells. CONCLUSION The current work underscores the importance of metformin as an ERMA in tackling breast cancer and as a novel approach to boost its anticancer activity via a synergistic combination with tangeretin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Mdkhana
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana M Zaher
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shifaa M Abdin
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A Omar
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511 Egypt.
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Chen T, Liu L, Zou Y, Hu X, Zhang W, Zhou T, Luo X, Fu W, Xu J. Nobiletin downregulates the SKP2-p21/p27-CDK2 axis to inhibit tumor progression and shows synergistic effects with palbociclib on renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:227-244. [PMID: 33628597 PMCID: PMC7877181 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Natural extracts, including nobiletin, have been reported to enhance the efficacy and sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, whether and how nobiletin affects tumor growth and progression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are still unclear. Methods: Cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses, colony-formation assays, immunoblotting analysis, and qRT-PCR analysis were performed to investigate how nobiletin affected RCC cell proliferation in vitro. The nude mouse model was used to test the efficacy of nobiletin alone or in combination with palbociclib. Results: Nobiletin inhibited cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in RCC cells. Mechanistically, nobiletin decreased SKP2 protein expression by reducing its transcriptional level. The downregulated SKP2 caused accumulation of its substrates, p27 and p21, which further inhibited the activity of the G1 phase-related protein, CDK2, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor formation. A higher SKP2 protein level indicated less sensitivity to the CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib. A combination of nobiletin and palbociclib showed a synergistic tumor inhibition in vitro and in an in vivo model. Conclusions: Nobiletin downregulated the SKP2-p21/p27-CDK2 axis to inhibit tumor progression and showed synergistic tumor inhibition effects with the CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib, on RCC, which indicates a potential new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430040, China
| | - Yonghong Zou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ji'an Central People's Hospital, Ji'an 343100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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Salehi B, Cruz-Martins N, Butnariu M, Sarac I, Bagiu IC, Ezzat SM, Wang J, Koay A, Sheridan H, Adetunji CO, Semwal P, Schoebitz M, Martorell M, Sharifi-Rad J. Hesperetin's health potential: moving from preclinical to clinical evidence and bioavailability issues, to upcoming strategies to overcome current limitations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4449-4464. [PMID: 33491467 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1875979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are common in the plant kingdom and many of them have shown a wide spectrum of bioactive properties. Hesperetin (Hst), the aglycone form of hesperidin, is a great example, and is the most abundant flavonoid found in Citrus plants. This review aims to provide an overview on the in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies reporting the Hst pharmacological effects and to discuss the bioavailability-related issues. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, carbohydrate dysregulation, bone health, and other pathologies. Clinical studies have supported the Hst promissory effects as cardioprotective and neuroprotective agent. However, further well-designed clinical trials are needed to address the other Hst effects observed in preclinical trials, as well as to a more in-depth understanding of its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia-Cristina Bagiu
- Timisoara, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinfan Wang
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Koay
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Sheridan
- Trinity College Dublin. NatPro (Natural Products Research Centre), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.,Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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The Potential of Selected Agri-Food Loss and Waste to Contribute to a Circular Economy: Applications in the Food, Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Industries. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020515. [PMID: 33478152 PMCID: PMC7835992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The food sector includes several large industries such as canned food, pasta, flour, frozen products, and beverages. Those industries transform agricultural raw materials into added-value products. The fruit and vegetable industry is the largest and fastest-growing segment of the world agricultural production market, which commercialize various products such as juices, jams, and dehydrated products, followed by the cereal industry products such as chocolate, beer, and vegetable oils are produced. Similarly, the root and tuber industry produces flours and starches essential for the daily diet due to their high carbohydrate content. However, the processing of these foods generates a large amount of waste several times improperly disposed of in landfills. Due to the increase in the world’s population, the indiscriminate use of natural resources generates waste and food supply limitations due to the scarcity of resources, increasing hunger worldwide. The circular economy offers various tools for raising awareness for the recovery of waste, one of the best alternatives to mitigate the excessive consumption of raw materials and reduce waste. The loss and waste of food as a raw material offers bioactive compounds, enzymes, and nutrients that add value to the food cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. This paper systematically reviewed literature with different food loss and waste by-products as animal feed, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products that strongly contribute to the paradigm shift to a circular economy. Additionally, this review compiles studies related to the integral recovery of by-products from the processing of fruits, vegetables, tubers, cereals, and legumes from the food industry, with the potential in SARS-CoV-2 disease and bacterial diseases treatment.
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Gul HF, Ilhan N, Ilhan N, Ozercan IH, Kuloglu T. The combined effect of pomegranate extract and tangeretin on the DMBA-induced breast cancer model. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 89:108566. [PMID: 33326843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of pomegranate extract and tangeretin alone or in combination in DMBA-induced rat breast cancer model. A total of 68 female rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. The first 4 groups were designed as controls for cancer and treatment groups, and the control groups were composed of only control (C), Pomegranate (P), Tangeretin (T), and Pomegranate+Tangeretin (P+T) groups. The other four groups were designed as cancer and treatment groups and were composed of DMBA (D) and DMBA+Pomegranate (D+P), DMBA+Tangeretin (D+T), DMBA+Pomegranate+Tangeretin (D+P+T) groups. Tumor markers and angiogenesis parameters were studied from plasma samples obtained from rats. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and TUNEL analyses and expressions of proteins affecting apoptosis and cell cycle were determined in breast tissue samples. In the DMBA group, plasma CA15-3, CEA, VEGF, MMP-9, and NF-κB levels were significantly increased compared to the controls, but significant decreases were observed in these parameters except MMP-9 in the treatment groups. It was observed that p53 and Bax expressions significantly increased in both D+P and D+P+T groups compared to the DMBA group, and these findings were supported by Tunel and immunohistochemical findings. Cyclin D1 expressions were found to be significantly decreased only in the D+T group and supported by TUNEL and immunohistochemical findings. Immunohistochemical ER-α and Ki-67 immune reactivities were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared to the DMBA group. Our results showed that combined application of pomegranate extract and tangeretin may be more beneficial in preventing breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Fatih Gul
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Necip Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Nevin Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazıg, Turkey
| | | | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Elazıg, Turkey
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Ozkan AD, Sarihan M, Kaleli S. Evaluation of the Effects of Nobiletin on Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer In Vitro. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1138-1144. [PMID: 33121290 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1841247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nobiletin as a nontoxic dietary citrus flavonoid has anticancer effects in cancer. Toll-like receptor three has a role in prostate cancer progression. However the relationship among NOB and TLR3 signaling in PCa has not been elucidated, yet. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of NOB on the activation of TLR3 signaling pathways in PCa In Vitro. PC-3, LNCaP and HUVEC cells were used for comparison of NOB-mediated TLR3 signaling pathways. After treatment with NOB and Poly I:C alone and NOB + Poly I:C, RT-PCR, western blotting and ELISA assay were performed to evaluate changes in gene and protein expression level, as well as CASP8. NOB potentially induced TLR3/IRF3 signaling pathway and the activation of TLR3/IRF3 signaling pathway by both NOB and Poly I:C was more profound in LNCaP than PC-3 cells. However, the level of TRIF protein and CASP8 decreased after both NOB and Poly I:C incubation. NOB could mediate TLR3 signaling pathways. NOB + Poly I:C could improve the activation of TLR3/IRF3 signaling pathway. However, the activation of TRIF/RIPK1/FADD signaling pathway reduced. Therefore, the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of TLR3 signaling pathways and the combination effects of NOB + Poly I:C on apoptotic cell death are further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuman Deveci Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sarihan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaleli
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Prospects of tangeretin as a modulator of cancer targets/pathways. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105202. [PMID: 32942013 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiac arrest. A large number of synthetic drugs are available for the treatment of different types of cancer; however, a major problem associated with these drugs is its toxicity towards the normal cells. To overcome these problems, researchers explore plants derived phytochemicals because of their pleiotropic action and least toxicity towards the normal cells. Tangeretin is a polymethoxylated flavone found extensively in citrus fruits and has shown potent anti-cancer activity in different types of cancer cells. Hence, this review examines the anti-cancer activity of tangeretin via different molecular targets/pathways. Tangeretin induces apoptosis via intrinsic as well as extrinsic pathways and arrest the cell cycle. It also suppresses cell proliferation by modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Notch, and MAPK signalling pathways. Besides, it induces autophagic cell death, suppresses migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Further, the role of tangeretin in multi-drug resistance and combination therapy, different biological sources of tangeretin, its derivatives, and pharmacokinetics profile and toxicity studies are also discussed. Towards the end, the challenges associated with tangeretin usage as potential anti-cancer phytochemicals have also been discussed. Tangeretin, like a pandora's box, needs to be explored further, and more research is warranted to improve its usefulness for better human health.
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Albogami S. Proanthocyanidins reduce cellular function in the most globally diagnosed cancers in vitro. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9910. [PMID: 32983646 PMCID: PMC7500326 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates that proanthocyanidins (PACs) may be effective in treating and preventing various cancers. The fundamental mechanism of PACs inhibiting the proliferation at cellular and molecular levels in most of the cancer types remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The anticancer efficacy of PACs was investigated in vitro using three human cancer cell lines: human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and human prostatic adenocarcinoma (PC-3). METHODS Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay, while cell proliferation was measured by trypan blue exclusion method. Cell migration was measured by wound healing assay, and DAPI staining was used to evaluate apoptotic nucleus morphology. RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of Bax and Bcl-2, and caspase enzyme activity assay was measured by caspase colorimetric assay. RESULTS PACs could inhibit both cellular viability and proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion in all investigated cells. Further, all tested cells showed similarly decreased migration after 24- and 48-h PAC treatment. We observed increased apoptotic nucleus morphology in treated cells (p ≤ 0.01). BAX expression significantly increased in HT-29 (p < 0.01), PC-3(p < 0.01), and MCF-7 (p < 0.05) cells, while BCL-2 expression significantly declined (p < 0.05). Caspase activities were significantly increased in all tested cancer cell lines after 24-h PAC treatment. CONCLUSION PACs may have potential therapeutic properties against colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Santos C, Fernandes E. Therapeutic potential of hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin: Cell cycle regulation and apoptosis induction in cancer models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:152887. [PMID: 30975541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of cancer cells to divide without restriction and to escape programmed cell death is a feature of the proliferative state. Citrus flavanones are flavonoids with potential multiple anticancer actions, from antioxidant and chemopreventive, to anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, cytostatic and cytotoxic in different cancer models. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the antiproliferative actions of the citrus flavanones hesperidin (HSD) and hesperetin (HST), with emphasis on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. METHODS Cochrane Library, Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science collection databases were queried for publications reporting antiproliferative effects of HSD and HST in cancer models. RESULTS HSD and HST have been proven to delay cell proliferation in several cancer models. Depending on the compound, dose and cell line studied, different effects have been reported. Cell cycle arrest associated with cytostatic effects has been reported in cells with increased levels of p53 and also cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, as well as decreased levels of specific cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Moreover, apoptotic effects have been found to be associated with altered ratios of pro-/antiapoptotic proteins, caspase activation, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway activation and caspase-independent pathways. CONCLUSION Available scientific literature data indicate complex effects, dependent on cell lines and exposure conditions, suggesting that HSD and HST doses need to be optimized according to the cellular and organismal context. The establishment of the main antiproliferative mechanisms is of utmost importance for a possible therapeutic benefit of citrus flavanones in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Santos
- Integrated Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Inhibitory Effects of Tangeretin, A Citrus Peel-Derived Flavonoid, on Breast Cancer Stem Cell Formation through Suppression of Stat3 Signaling. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112599. [PMID: 32503228 PMCID: PMC7321155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are responsible for tumor chemoresistance and recurrence. Targeting CSCs using natural compounds is a novel approach for cancer therapy. A CSC-inhibiting compound was purified from citrus extracts using silica gel, gel filtration and high-pressure liquid chromatography. The purified compound was identified as tangeretin by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Tangeretin inhibited cell proliferation, CSC formation and tumor growth, and modestly induced apoptosis in CSCs. The frequency of a subpopulation with a CSC phenotype (CD44+/CD24-) was reduced by tangeretin. Tangeretin reduced the total level and phosphorylated nuclear level of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3). Our results in this study show that tangeretin inhibits the Stat3 signaling pathway and induces CSC death, indicating that tangeretin may be a potential natural compound that targets breast cancer cells and CSCs.
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De Luca D, Lauritano C. In Silico Identification of Type III PKS Chalcone and Stilbene Synthase Homologs in Marine Photosynthetic Organisms. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E110. [PMID: 32456002 PMCID: PMC7284882 DOI: 10.3390/biology9050110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Marine microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms at the base of the marine food webs. They are characterized by huge taxonomic and metabolic diversity and several species have been shown to have bioactivities useful for the treatment of human pathologies. However, the compounds and the metabolic pathways responsible for bioactive compound synthesis are often still unknown. In this study, we aimed at analysing the microalgal transcriptomes available in the Marine Microbial Eukaryotic Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP) database for an in silico search of polyketide synthase type III homologs and, in particular, chalcone synthase (CHS) and stilbene synthase (STS), which are often referred to as the CHS/STS family. These enzymes were selected because they are known to produce compounds with biological properties useful for human health, such as cancer chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-viral and anti-diabetic. In addition, we also searched for 4-Coumarate: CoA ligase, an upstream enzyme in the synthesis of chalcones and stilbenes. This study reports for the first time the occurrence of these enzymes in specific microalgal taxa, confirming the importance for microalgae of these pathways and giving new insights into microalgal physiology and possible biotechnological applications for the production of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Luca
- Department of Humanities, Università degli Studi Suor Orsola Benincasa, CAP80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, CAP80121 Naples, Italy
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Nurhayati IP, Khumaira A, Ilmawati GPN, Meiyanto E, Hermawan A. Cytotoxic and Antimetastatic Activity of Hesperetin and Doxorubicin Combination Toward Her2 Expressing Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1259-1267. [PMID: 32458631 PMCID: PMC7541862 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore Hesperetin (Hst) potency as a co-chemotherapeutics agent combined with Doxorubicin (Dox), particularly cytotoxic and antimetastasis effects toward MCF-7/HER2 cells. METHODS The cytotoxic effects were measured under MTT assay. The flowcytometry analysis was used to examine the cell cycle modulation and apoptosis evidence, while the effect of migration was assayed by scratch wound healing assay. Western blotting and gelatin zymography were carried out to examine the expression level of proteins, HER2, and Rac1. RESULTS Under MTT assay, Hst and Dox exhibited to decrease cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 value of 377 and 0,8 µM, respectively. The combination of Hst and Dox at the respective doses of 95 and 0,2 µM showed a synergistic effect with the combination index of 0,63. Flow cytometry analysis of Hst-Dox revealed that those compounds caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Hst also decreased HER2 and Rac1 expression, as shown by western blot. Hst inhibited lamellipodia formation and cell migration, as indicated by microscopic observation and wound healing scratch assay. The antimetastatic activity of Hst was associated with the reduction of Rac1 and MMP9 expression as measured by gelatine zymography assay. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the combination of Hst and Dox-induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, decreased HER2, Rac1, MMP9 expression, and cell migration. Thus, Hst may have the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent combined with doxorubicin toward HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ika Putri Nurhayati
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Khumaira
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | | | - Edy Meiyanto
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Adam Hermawan
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
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El-Sisi AE, Sokkar SS, Ibrahim HA, Hamed MF, Abu-Risha SE. Targeting MDR-1 gene expression, BAX/BCL2, caspase-3, and Ki-67 by nanoencapsulated imatinib and hesperidin to enhance anticancer activity and ameliorate cardiotoxicity. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 34:458-475. [PMID: 32080901 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a great demand to introduce new approaches into cancer treatment field due to incidence of increased breast cancer all over the world. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of imatinib mesylate (IM) and/or hesperidin (HES) nanoparticles alone or in combination in enhancing the anticancer activity and to investigate the ability of nanoencapsulation to reduce cardiotoxicity of IM in solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC)-bearing mice. IM and HES were loaded into PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymer. SEC was induced in female albino mice as a model for experimentally induced breast cancer. Mice were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 10). On day 28 from tumor inoculation, mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes for hematological studies, biochemical determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels. In addition, tumor and cardiac tissues were utilized for histopathological examination as well as determination of MDR-1 gene expression. Immunohistochemical staining of BAX and BCL-2 was done. Nano IM- and/or Nano HES-treated groups showed a significant reduction in tumor volume, weight, hematological, cardiac markers, and tumor MDR-1 gene downregulation compared to free conventional treated groups. In conclusion, the use of HES as an adjuvant therapy with IM could improve its cytotoxic effects and limit its cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, nanoencapsulation of IM and/or HES with PLGA polymer showed a remarkable anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa E El-Sisi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Samia S Sokkar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Hamed
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of El-Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally E Abu-Risha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
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49
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Hermawan A, Putri H. Bioinformatics Studies Provide Insight into Possible Target and Mechanisms of Action of Nobiletin against Cancer Stem Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:611-620. [PMID: 32212785 PMCID: PMC7437309 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.3.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nobiletin treatment on MDA-MB 231 cells reduces the expression of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), which is highly expressed in cancer stem cell populations in tumor patients. However, the mechanisms of nobiletin in cancer stem cells (CSCs) remain elusive. This study was aimed to explore the potential target and mechanisms of nobiletin in cancer stem cells using bioinformatics approaches. METHODS Gene expression profiles by public COMPARE predicting the sensitivity of tumor cells to nobiletin. Functional annotations on gene lists are carried out with The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) v6.8, and WEB-based GEne SeT Analysis Toolkit (WebGestalt). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was analyzed by STRING-DB and visualized by Cytoscape. RESULTS Microarray analyses reveal many genes involved in protein binding, transcriptional and translational activity. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed breast cancer regulation of estrogen signaling and Wnt/ß-catenin by nobiletin. Moreover, three hub genes, i.e. ESR1, NCOA3, and RPS6KB1 and one significant module were filtered out and selected from the PPI network. CONCLUSION Nobiletin might serve as a lead compound for the development of CSCs-targeted drugs by targeting estrogen and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. Further studies are needed to explore the full therapeutic potential of nobiletin in cancer stem cells. .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herwandhani Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Feng SL, Tian Y, Huo S, Qu B, Liu RM, Xu P, Li YZ, Xie Y. Nobiletin potentiates paclitaxel anticancer efficacy in A549/T xenograft model: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacological study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 67:153141. [PMID: 31884406 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nobiletin (N), a polymethoxylated flavone from citrus fruits, enhanced anti-cancer effects of paclitaxel (PTX) in multi-drug resistance (MDR) cancer cells via inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in our previous report. But the in vivo chemo-sensitizing effect of nobiletin is unknown. Moreover, considering the nonlinear pharmacokinetics and narrow therapeutic window of PTX, drug-drug interaction should be explored for using nobiletin with PTX together. PURPOSE In this study, we wanted to explore whether nobiletin could affect the pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of PTX and reverse drug resistance in vivo as well as the corresponding mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Accurate and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the detection of PTX, and was applied to the pharmacokinetic study in rats. In vivo anti-MDR tumor study was carried out with A549/T xenograft nude mice model. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were used for evaluating the levels of P-gp, Nrf2, and AKT/ERK pathways in MDR tumors. RESULTS Nobiletin significantly enhanced the therapeutic effects of PTX, and inhibited the MDR tumor sizes in the A549/T xenograft model, while PTX or nobiletin alone did not. We found that nobiletin increased the PTX concentrations in tumor tissues but did not affect the PK behavior of PTX. Notably, Nrf2 and phosphorylation of AKT/ERK expression in MDR tumor tissues were significantly inhibited by giving nobiletin and PTX together. However, nobiletin did not affect the expression of P-gp. CONCLUSION Nobiletin reversed PTX resistance in MDR tumor via increasing the PTX content in the MDR tumor and inhibiting AKT/ERK/Nrf2 pathways, but without affecting the systematic exposure of PTX, indicating that nobiletin may be an effective and safe MDR tumor reversal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Ling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Yun Tian
- Nephrology department, Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xian 710003, China
| | - Shuai Huo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Biao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Rui-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China
| | - Peng Xu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau (SAR), China.
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