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Liu Y, Zhang T, Zou X, Yuan Z, Li Y, Zang J, He N, He L, Xu A, Lu D. Penumbra-targeted CircOGDH siRNA-loaded nanoparticles alleviate neuronal apoptosis in focal brain ischaemia. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024; 9:134-144. [PMID: 37328278 PMCID: PMC11103160 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles (NPs) are a class of substances that can be loaded with therapeutic agents delivered to specific areas. In our earlier research, we identified a neuron-derived circular RNA (circRNA), circular oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (CircOGDH), as a promising therapeutic target for acute ischaemic stroke. This study dedicated to explore a prospective preliminary strategy of CircOGDH-based NP delivered to the ischaemic penumbra region in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mice. METHODS Immunofluorescence in primary cortex neurons and in vivo fluorescence imaging revealed endocytosis of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) poly amidoamine(PAMAM)@CircOGDH small interfering RNA (siRNA) NPs. Western blotting analysis and CCK8 assay were performed to evaluate the apoptotic level in ischaemic neurons treated with PLGA-PAMAM@CircOGDH siRNA NPs. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR experiments, mice behaviour test, T2 MRI analysis, Nissl and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) co-staining were performed to evaluate the apoptosis level of ischaemic penumbra neurons in MCAO/R mice. Biosafety evaluation of NPs in MCAO/R mice was detected by blood routine examination, liver and kidney function examination and HE staining. RESULTS PLGA-PAMAM@CircOGDH siRNA NPs were successfully assembled. Endocytosis of PLGA-PAMAM@CircOGDH siRNA NPs in ischaemic neurons alleviated neuronal apoptotic level in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, mice behaviour test showed that the neurological defects of MCAO/R mice were significantly alleviated after the tail injection of PLGA-PAMAM@CircOGDH siRNA NPs, and no toxic effects were observed. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results suggest that PLGA-PAMAM@CircOGDH siRNA NPs can be delivered to the ischaemic penumbra region and alleviate neuron apoptosis in MCAO/R mice and in ischaemic neurons; therefore, our study provides a desirable approach for using circRNA-based NPs for the treatment of ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zou
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niu He
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen He
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Lab of Guangzhou Basic and Translational Research of Pan-vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Kang R, Gamdzyk M, Luo Y, Tang H, Huang L, Lenahan C, Doycheva D, Li D, Tang J, Tan S, Zhang JH. Three Days Delayed Recanalization Improved Neurological Function in pMCAO Rats by Increasing M2 Microglia-Possible Involvement of the IL-4R/STAT6/PPARγ Pathway. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:250-262. [PMID: 35867328 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Current approved therapies for acute ischemic stroke have a restricted therapeutic time window. Delayed recanalization, which has been utilized clinically in patients who have missed the time window for administration, may be a promising alternative for stroke patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain undiscovered. Herein, we hypothesized that delayed recanalization would increase M2 microglial polarization through the IL-4R (interleukin-4 receptor)/STAT6 (signal transducer and activators of transcription 6)/PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) pathway, subsequently promoting stroke recovery in rats. The permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) model was induced via intravascular filament insertion. Recanalization was induced by withdrawing the filament at 3 days after MCAO (rMCAO). Interleukin (IL)-4 was administered intranasally at 3 days after pMCAO. AS1517499, a specific STAT6 inhibitor, was administered intranasally at 3 days after MCAO induction. Immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot analysis, volumetric measurements of brain infarct, and neurological behavior tests were conducted. Delayed recanalization at 3 days after MCAO increased the polarization of M2 microglia, decreased inflammation, and improved neurological behavior. IL-4 treatment administered on the 3rd day after pMCAO increased M2 microglial polarization, improved neurological behavior, and reduced infarction volume of pMCAO rats. The inhibition of STAT6 decreased the level of p-STAT6 and PPARγ in rats treated with delayed recanalization. Delayed recanalization improved neurological function by increasing microglial M2 polarization, possibly involved with the IL-4R/STAT6/PPARγ pathway after MCAO in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Kang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Marcin Gamdzyk
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Yujie Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Desislava Doycheva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Dujuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Zang J, Zhang T, Li Y, Tan Z, Ma D, Zhang T, Wang S, Zhang Y, Huang L, Wu Y, Su X, Weng Z, Deng D, Kwan Tsang C, Xu A, Lu D. CircOGDH Is a Penumbra Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Circ Res 2022; 130:907-924. [PMID: 35189704 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Prediction of penumbra existence after AIS is crucial for making decision on reperfusion therapy. Yet a fast, inexpensive, simple, and noninvasive predictive biomarker for the poststroke penumbra with clinical translational potential is still lacking. We aim to investigate whether the CircOGDH (circular RNA derived from oxoglutarate dehydrogenase) is a potential biomarker for penumbra in patients with AIS and its role in ischemic neuronal damage. METHODS CircOGDH was screened from penumbra of middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and was assessed in plasma of patients with AIS by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the penumbra volumes. CircOGDH interacted with miR-5112 in primary cortical neurons was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay. ADV-mediated CircOGDH knockdown ameliorated neuronal apoptosis induced by COL4A4 (Gallus collagen, type VI, alpha VI) overexpression. Transmission electron microscope, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot were performed to confirm exosomes. RESULTS CircOGDH expression was dramatically and selectively upregulated in the penumbra tissue of middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and in the plasma of 45 patients with AIS showing a 54-fold enhancement versus noncerebrovascular disease controls. Partial regression analysis revealed that CircOGDH expression was positively correlated with the size of penumbra in patients with AIS. Sequestering of miR-5112 by CircOGDH enhanced COL4A4 expression to elevate neuron damage. Additionally, knockdown of CircOGDH significantly enhanced neuronal cell viability under ischemic conditions. Furthermore, the expression of CircOGDH in brain tissue was closely related to that in the serum of middle cerebral artery occlusion mice. Finally, we found that CircOGDH was highly expressed in plasma exosomes of patients with AIS compared with those in noncerebrovascular disease individuals. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that CircOGDH is a potential therapeutic target for regulating ischemia neuronal viability, and is enriched in neuron-derived exosomes in the peripheral blood, exhibiting a predictive biomarker of penumbra in patients with AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Jiankun Zang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Yaojie Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Zefeng Tan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Dan Ma
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (D.M.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (T.Z.)
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (S.W.)
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Lian Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Yousheng Wu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Xuanlin Su
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Zean Weng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Die Deng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., A.X., D.L.).,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. (Y. Liu, Y. Li, J.Z., T.Z., Y.L., Z.T., Y.Z., L.H., Y.W., X.S., Z.W., D.D., C.K.T., A.X., D.L.)
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