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Arnone GD, Kunigelis KE, Gurau A, Coulter I, Thompson J, Youssef AS. Acute Sigmoid Sinus Compromise Following Skull Base Procedures: Is a "Laissez-Faire" Approach Best? J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021; 82:652-658. [PMID: 34745833 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Venous sinus compromise (VSC) of the sigmoid sinus can manifest as either venous sinus thrombosis, stenosis, or a combination of the two. It may occur following retro and presigmoid craniotomy, even in the absence of overt intraoperative sinus injury. Currently, the optimal management of VSC in the perioperative period is not well established. We report our incidence and management of VSC following skull base surgery around the sigmoid sinus. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing presigmoid, retrosigmoid, or combined approach by the senior author from 2014 to 2019 was performed. Main Outcome Measures Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, surgical details, details of venous sinus compromise, and patient outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed using R 3.6.0 (R Project). Results A 115 surgeries were found with a total of 13 cases of VSC (overall incidence of 11.3%). Nine cases exhibited thrombosis and four stenosis. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with (group 1) or without (group 2) VSC. Operation on the side of the dominant sinus did not predispose to postoperative VSC. Five patients received antiplatelet medication in the perioperative period. There was no difference in outcomes in the group that did not receive antiplatelet medication versus those who did. Conclusion Acute iatrogenic sigmoid sinus compromise can be managed expectantly. We believe that the treatment for each instance of VSC must be individualized, considering the symptoms of the patient, rather than applying a universal algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Arnone
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | | | - Andrei Gurau
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Ian Coulter
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - John Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - A Samy Youssef
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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Alamri AS, Almuaigel MF, Azra Z, Alshamrani FJ, AlMohish NM, AlSheikh MH. Clinical presentations, radiological characteristics, and biological risk factors of cerebral venous thrombosis at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2021; 42:213-218. [PMID: 33563742 PMCID: PMC7989276 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.2.25667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical features and possible etiologies of cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) in a Saudi Arabian cohort. METHODS A retrospective, observational design was implemented. Data pertaining to 36 patients (19 female and 17 male) with confirmed CVT diagnosis admitted to a hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2008 and 2019 were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS The age of patients ranged between 19 to 82 years, and the mean/median age was 33/29 years. Most commonly reported symptoms were headache ( 72%), unilateral lower limb weakness (39%), and seizures (17%). Papilledema was found in 8% of patients. Thrombotic disorders were identified in 14% and infections were identified in 8% of the patients. Two patients had ulcerative colitis, 2 were diagnosed with Behcet's disease, and 2 women were using oral contraceptive pills. Single sinus thrombosis was detected in only 22% of patients. One patient with diabetic ketoacidosis died. Thrombotic disorder was the most common risk factor, followed by that iron deficiency anemia. CONCLUSION The transverse sinus was the most frequently thrombosed sinus. Iron deficiency anemia emerged as a predisposing preventable condition for CVT, while genetic factors were found to be less important in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S. Alamri
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed F. Almuaigel
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Mohammed F. Almuaigel, Neurology Department, King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-8179
| | - Zafar Azra
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Foziah J. Alshamrani
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Noor M. AlMohish
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona H. AlSheikh
- From the Neurology Department (Alamri, Almuaigel, Alshamrani, Zafar, AlMohish), King Fahad University Hospital, Al Khobar; from the Neurology Department, College of Medicine (Alamri, Alshamrani, Zafar), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; and from the Physiology Department (AlSheikh), College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Shahid R, Zafar A, Nazish S, Alsulaiman A, Alabdali M, Aljaafari D, Ishaque N, Albakr AI, Alamri A, Alkhamis FA, Saqqur M. Etiologic and Clinical Features of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Saudi Arabia. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 10:278-282. [PMID: 31001018 PMCID: PMC6454937 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_305_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the etiologic and clinical features of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in Saudi Arabia, and secondarily whether gender plays a role in CVST. Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from the stroke registry during the period from January 2008 to April 2018, and the patients with the diagnosis of CVST were identified, and data were analyzed for any gender-specific differences in clinical presentation and etiology of cerebral venous thrombosis. Results: There were 15 females while 11 males with a female:male ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 29.4± standard deviation 8.9 with the age range of 15–49. Headache was the most common and usually the first presenting symptoms present in 65% followed by hemiparesis and cranial nerve palsies. The first neurological examination was normal in 9/26 (34.6%) of the patients, while the common abnormality was cranial nerve palsies. Infections and trauma played an important part in risk factor analysis of our patient after the pregnancy- and hormone-related conditions. Some significant differences between the clinical presentation and risk factors among males and females were noted as age at presentation was higher in females while trauma and infections were common in male patients, although the involvement of the sinuses and response to treatment did not prove to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study were similar to the available literature with few differences. The relatively higher proportion of males in our study can be explained partly with more cases of traumatic CVST. Some important differences were noted between the risk factors and clinical presentation among genders. Large-scale prospective studies are needed to further clarify these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Shahid
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azra Zafar
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saima Nazish
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulla Alsulaiman
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alabdali
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah Aljaafari
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noman Ishaque
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Ibrahim Albakr
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alamri
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Alkhamis
- Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of University Alkhobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Saqqur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, 7-112L Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Çetin Akkoç C, Gökçay F, Kumral DE, Çalış F. Serebral venöz tromboza bağlı agrafisiz aleksi. EGE TIP DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.416046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Mehvari Habibabadi J, Saadatnia M, Tabrizi N. Seizure in cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis. Epilepsia Open 2018; 3:316-322. [PMID: 30187001 PMCID: PMC6119760 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many conflicting issues exist about seizure in the setting of cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST). In this article we aimed to address the existing data regarding incidence, characteristics, predictors, treatment, and prognosis of acute and late seizures in patients with CVST and to prepare more practical information for clinicians. PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane databases were searched within 1966–2016 using relevant keywords. A total of 63 papers met the inclusion criteria. Seizures are classified as acute symptomatic seizures (ASS; first 14 days) and post‐CVST epilepsy (PCE; after 14 days). The incidence had been reported in a wide range of 6.9–76% for ASS and 4–16% for PCE. Focal and generalized seizures were observed with different predominance. ASS commonly occurred in patients with loss of consciousness, focal neurological deficits, supratentorial lesions and thrombosis in superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, and cortical veins. PCE had been predisposed by occurrence of ASS, motor deficit, and supratentorial lesions, particularly hemorrhage. Most experts believe that primary prophylaxis with antiepileptic drugs in the acute phase is not indicated. However, the initiation of prophylaxis after the first seizure in patients with supratentorial lesions or focal neurological deficit should be recommended. The quality of current evidence is low and most conclusions are based on expert opinions. More accurate reports of seizure semiology, detailed antiepileptic treatment plans, and outcomes are necessary to answer the existing questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Saadatnia
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Nasim Tabrizi
- Department of Neurology Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
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Wei Y, Deng X, Sheng G, Guo XB. A rabbit model of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis established by ferric chloride and thrombin injection. Neurosci Lett 2017; 662:205-212. [PMID: 29061392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a life-threatening disease with high misdiagnosis and mortality rates due to its complex etiology and unknown pathophysiology. The present study aimed to establish an animal model suitable for assessing the pathophysiology of CVST and develop treatment methods. METHODS 40% ferric chloride (FeCl3) was administered for 5min followed by thrombin injection to induce superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (SSST). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed to ensure thrombosis and evaluate the recanalization rate 7days post-CVST. Neurological evaluation, Evans blue injection, 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were used to assess thrombosis and the accompanying brain parenchyma. RESULTS SSST was detected in all model rabbits, with a thrombus recanalization rate of 10%. Brain infarction, hemorrhage, cell edema, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) were also observed. CONCLUSION The method of inducing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis by applying 40% FeCl3 and injecting thrombin is feasible and efficient. This experimental model mimics the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of actual CVST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Department of Neuro-Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Neuro-Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guan Sheng
- Department of Neuro-Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xin-Bin Guo
- Department of Neuro-Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Okamura S, Saito Y, Mori H, Yamasoba T. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis during superselective intra-arterial infusion of cisplatin and concomitant radiotherapy for maxillary squamous cell carcinoma. BMJ Case Rep 2017; 2017:bcr-2017-220591. [PMID: 28500131 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-220591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Okamura
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harushi Mori
- Radiology, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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