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Ruiz-Muñoz M, Fernández-Torres R, Formosa C, Gatt A, Gijón-Noguerón G, Navarro-Flores E, González-Sánchez M. Validity and reliability of the English version of the Diabetic Foot Self-Care Questionnaire: a cross-cultural adaptation. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1326439. [PMID: 38332943 PMCID: PMC10851747 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1326439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Diabetic Foot Self-Care Questionnaire into the English language, broadening the applicability of this patient-reported outcome measure and improving the monitoring of patients with diabetic foot disease. Methods The validation study into English was conducted in two phases: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation study. Short Form-12 Version 2, EuroQoL-5D and Foot Function Index were used to analyze the criterion validity. Item response, internal consistency, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change and construct validity were calculated in the validation phase. Results An English version of the questionnaire (DFSQ-UMA-En) was successfully obtained. A total of n = 193 participants were tested to confirm the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Internal consistency values ranged from very good to excellent (Cronbach's α =0.889-0.981), and reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.854-0.959). Standard error measurement value was =2.543. Criterion validity ranged from r = 0.429 to r = 0.844. For construct validity, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was =0.752. Conclusion DFSQ-UMA-En is a valid and reliable tool with good readability and comprehension features. This questionnaire addresses foot self-care behaviors in patients with diabetic foot disease, standing out as essential for early diagnosis and prevention strategies in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ruiz-Muñoz
- Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Raúl Fernández-Torres
- Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Cynthia Formosa
- Department of Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Alfred Gatt
- Department of Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Gabriel Gijón-Noguerón
- Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Navarro-Flores
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel González-Sánchez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Bahar A, Atalay B, Yarkiner Z. Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Diabetic Foot Self-Care Questionnaire of the University of Malaga (DFSQUMA). INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023:15347346231209205. [PMID: 37908105 DOI: 10.1177/15347346231209205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted in a methodological design with the aim of adapting the "Diabetic Foot Self-Care Questionnaire of the University of Malaga, Spain (DFSQ)" to Turkish, and examining its validity and reliability. The study population of the methodological research consisted of a total of 161 patients diagnosed with diabetes who presented to the Diabetes Clinic Unit. The translation-back translation technique was employed for the linguistic equivalence of the questionnaire. To test the validity of the scale, linguistic and content validity were examined, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, item-total score correlations test, and test-retest technique were used to assess the reliability of the scale. The scope validity index values of the Turkish version of DFSQ ranged between 0.85 and 1.00, and there was no difference in scores given by the consulted experts (Kendall's W = 0.720; p = .707). Exploratory factor analysis conducted to examine the factor structure of the scale revealed that the scale consisted of 16 items and three subscales, explaining a total variance of 84.09%. The factor loadings of the scale ranged from 0.90 to 0.97. The calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Turkish version of the scale was 0.66.: It was found that the Turkish version of DFSQ is valid and reliable for the Turkish population. The research identified that DFSQ is a valid and reliable tool for determining diabetic patients' knowledge and attitudes toward foot self-care in cross-cultural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Bahar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fundamentals of Nursing, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bahar Atalay
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Surgical Nursing, Cyprus Science University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Zalihe Yarkiner
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
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Aksoy M, Büyükbayram Z, Özüdoğru O. Reliability and validity of the Diabetic foot self-care questionnaire in Turkish patients. Prim Care Diabetes 2023; 17:513-517. [PMID: 37302937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to examine the psychometric, properties of the Turkish version of the Diabetic, Foot Self-Care, Questionnaire. METHODS This was a descriptive- methodological study conducted on 193 diabetes patients. Data were collected, using Descriptive, Information Form and Diabetic Foot Self-Care Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, item-total score correlation, Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest analysis. RESULTS The Diabetic, Foot Self-Care, Questionnaire consists of 16 items and three sub-dimensions. The three sub-dimensions recorded a variance of 58.137%. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Turkish version of the Diabetic, Foot Self-Care, Questionnaire was 0.87, and Cronbach's alpha values of its sub-dimensions were 0.71 and 0.88. The two-month test-retest credibility interpreted with intra-class correlation was 0.97. CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that the questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing foot self-care behavior in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyreme Aksoy
- Siirt University, Faculty of Health Sciences,Department of Nursing Fundamentals, Siirt, Turkey.
| | - Zeliha Büyükbayram
- Siirt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Osman Özüdoğru
- Siirt University, Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Siirt, Turkey
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Belchior ADB, Nascimento FG, de Sousa MC, da Silveira ABM, de Oliveira SKP. Diabetic foot ulcer self-care assessment: a scoping review. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220555. [PMID: 37556696 PMCID: PMC10405393 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to map, in the world literature, instruments for assessing foot self-care of people with diabetes. METHODS a scoping review in Scopus by Elsevier, MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, SciELO databases and gray literature, using the controlled words diabetic foot, self care, questionnaire. Search was carried out in February and March 2021, according to JBI recommendations and PRISMA-ScR extension. RESULTS fifteen studies made up the review, 14 articles and one thesis, published between 2000 and 2020. 16 instruments were identified: five with an emphasis on general self-care and 11 on foot self-care. Inspection, hygiene, washing and drying between the toes, lotion application and use of proper shoes and socks were the main self-care measures presented. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS foot self-care is assessed by knowledge, social support and frequency with which measures are being put into practice, encouraging professional practice.
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Navarro-Flores E, Losa-Iglesias ME, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Jiménez-Cebrián AM, Rochdi L, Romero-Morales C, Palomo-López P, López-López D. Repeatability and reliability of the diabetic foot self-care questionnaire in Arabic patients: A transcultural adaptation. J Tissue Viability 2021; 31:62-68. [PMID: 34183224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The diabetic foot self-care questionnaire is considered a self-care evaluation tool with 16 questions for assessing diabetic foot health disorders. To date, the DFSQ has been validated in different languages, but an Arabic version was lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Arabic version of the DFSQ (DFSQ-AR). METHOD A suitable method was developed for the translation protocol and cross-cultural validation from Spanish to Arabic. Regarding the total marks from each sub-scale, agreement degrees and confidence were analyzed using Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. In addition, the mean ± standard deviation differences between pre and post-tests were calculated and completed using Bland-Altman distribution plots. RESULTS Excellent agreement between the two versions was demonstrated based on Cronbach's α. Three sub-scales consisting of knowledge of foot hygiene, the appropriate use of footwear and socks, and podiatric self-care were added together to obtain the total score. Excellent retest reliability was shown for the total score. Test/retest reliability was excellent for the self-care and shoe and socks sub-scales. There were no significant differences among any domains (p > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (P = 0.000) for the mean ± standard deviations (SD) between pre- and post-tests (98.09 ± 15.42) [93.75-102.43] and 97.96 ± 13.88 [94.5-101.86] points, respectively). Bland-Altman plots or clinically pertinent variations were not statistically significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The DFSQ-AR is considered a strong and valid questionnaire with adequate repeatability in the Arabic language population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Navarro-Flores
- Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Frailty Research Organizaded Group. (FROG), Spain.
| | | | | | - Ana María Jiménez-Cebrián
- Department Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Spain.
| | - Loubna Rochdi
- Gabinet de Podologie Loubna Rochdi, Avenue Salah Eddine El Ayoubi, Tetouan, Marroco.
| | - Carlos Romero-Morales
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Spain.
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Diabetic foot disease: a systematic literature review of patient-reported outcome measures. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:3395-3405. [PMID: 34109501 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic foot disease is one of the most serious and expensive complications of diabetes. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) analyse patients' perception of their disability, functionality and health. The goal of this work was to conduct a systematic review regarding the specific PROMs related to the evaluation of diabetic foot disease and to extract and analyse the values of their measurement properties. METHODS Electronic databases included were PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PEDro, Cochrane, SciELO and EMBASE. The search terms used were foot, diabet*, diabetic foot, questionnaire, patient-reported outcome, self-care, valid*, reliabil*. Studies whose did not satisfy the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme (CASP) Diagnostic Study Checklist were excluded. The measurement properties extracted were: Internal Consistency, Test-retest, Inter-rater and Intra-rater, Standard Error of Measurement, Minimum Detectable Measurement Difference, Content Validity, Construct Validity, Criterion Validity and Responsiveness. RESULTS The PROMs selected for this review were 12 questionnaires. The Diabetic foot self-care questionnaire (DFSQ-UMA) and the Questionnaire for Diabetes Related Foot Disease (Q-DFD) were the PROMs that showed the highest number of completed measurement properties. CONCLUSION According to the results, it is relevant to create specific questionnaires for the evaluation of diabetic foot disease. It seems appropriate to use both DFSQ-UMA and Q-DFD when assessing patients with diabetic foot disease.
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Navarro-Flores E, Romero-Morales C, Villafañe JH, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, López-López D, Losa-Iglesias ME, Calvo-Lobo C, Palomo-López P. Transcultural adaptation and validation of Italian Selfcare diabetic foot questionnaire. Int Wound J 2021; 18:543-551. [PMID: 33942512 PMCID: PMC8273611 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Italian Selfcare diabetic foot questionnaire, (SDFQ‐IT) is considered a diabetic foot self‐care evaluation tool with 16 questions for assessing diabetic foot health disorders. To date, SDFQ has been validated in different languages, but an Italian version was lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Italian version of the SDFQ‐IT (SDFQ‐IT). A suitable method was developed for the translation protocol and cross‐cultural validation from Spanish to Italian. Regarding the total marks from each sub‐scale, agreement degrees, and confidence were analysed using the Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. In addition, the mean ± SD differences between pre and post‐tests were calculated and completed using the Bland and Altman distribution plots. Excellent agreement between the two versions based on Cronbach's α was demonstrated. Three sub‐scales consisting of knowledge of foot hygiene, the appropriate use of footwear and socks, and podiatric self‐care were added together to obtain the total score. Excellent retest reliability was shown for the total score. Test/retest reliability was excellent for the self‐care domain, and shock and shoe sub‐scales. There were no significant differences among any domain (P > .05). There were no statistically significant differences (P = .000) for the mean ± SDs differences between pre‐and post‐tests (92.9200 ± 12.914) [89.25‐96.59] and 92.9200 ± 13.012 [89.22‐96.62] points, respectively). Bland and Altman plots or clinically pertinent variations were not statistically significantly different. The SDFQ‐IT is considered a strong and valid questionnaire with adequate repeatability in the Italian community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Navarro-Flores
- Frailty Research Organized Group, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | | | - César Calvo-Lobo
- Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Adhikari SP, Dev R, Shrestha JN. Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Nepali version of the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale: a methodological study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:328. [PMID: 33028349 PMCID: PMC7538843 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) is a commonly used outcome tool, which helps to identify the adherence rate of exercises and reasons for adherence and non-adherence. There is no evidence of the availability of any measurement tools to assess exercise adherence in the Nepalese context and cultural background. Therefore, we conducted a cross-cultural adaptation of the EARS into the Nepali language and investigated its reliability and validity. Methods Cross-cultural adaptation of the EARS was done based on Beaton guidelines. Psychometric properties were evaluated among 18 participants aged 18 years or older with pre-diabetes or confirmed diagnosis of any disease who were prescribed with home exercises by physiotherapists. Any disease that limited participants from doing exercise and individuals unwilling to participate were excluded. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency, using Cronbach’s alpha. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed to explore construct validity and confirm its unidimensionality. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed to identify cut-off score, sensitivity and specificity of the tool. Results The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.94 for EARS-adherence behavior. The EFA of 6-items adherence behavior revealed the presence of one factor with an eigenvalue exceeding one. The scree-plot suggested for extraction of only one factor with strong loading (75.84%). The Area Under the Curve was 0.91 with 95% confidence interval 0.77–1.00 at p = 0.004. The cutoff score was found 17.5 with 89% sensitivity and 78% specificity. Conclusions The EARS was cross-culturally adapted to the Nepali language. The reliability and construct validity of the Nepali version of the EARS were acceptable to assess exercise adherence in Nepali-speaking individuals. This validated tool might facilitate the evaluation of exercise-related interventions. Future studies could investigate other psychometric properties of the Nepali EARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu P Adhikari
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal. .,Department of Physiotherapy, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
| | - Rubee Dev
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University Global Health Institute, San Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jayana N Shrestha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal
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