1
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Porter CM, Tabler S, Choi S, Truttmann MC. TSWIFT, a novel method for iterative staining of embedded and mounted human brain sections. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12688. [PMID: 38830987 PMCID: PMC11148033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive characterization of protein networks in mounted brain tissue represents a major challenge in brain and neurodegenerative disease research. In this study, we develop a simple staining method, called TSWIFT, to iteratively stain pre-mounted formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) brain sections, thus enabling high-dimensional sample phenotyping. We show that TSWIFT conserves tissue architecture and allows for relabeling a single mounted FFPE sample more than 10 times, even after prolonged storage at 4 °C. Our results establish TSWIFT as an efficient method to obtain integrated high-dimensional knowledge of cellular proteomes by analyzing mounted FFPE human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey M Porter
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sarah Tabler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sooin Choi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Matthias C Truttmann
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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2
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Lv T, Wang C, Zhou J, Feng X, Zhang L, Fan Z. Mechanism and role of nuclear laminin B1 in cell senescence and malignant tumors. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:269. [PMID: 38824174 PMCID: PMC11144256 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear lamin B1 (LMNB1) is a member of the nuclear lamin protein family. LMNB1 can maintain and ensure the stability of nuclear structure and influence the process of cell senescence by regulating chromatin distribution, DNA replication and transcription, gene expression, cell cycle, etc. In recent years, several studies have shown that the abnormal expression of LMNB1, a classical biomarker of cell senescence, is highly correlated with the progression of various malignant tumors; LMNB1 is therefore considered a new potential tumor marker and therapeutic target. However, the mechanism of action of LMNB1 is influenced by many factors, which are difficult to clarify at present. This article focuses on the recent progress in understanding the role of LMNB1 in cell senescence and malignant tumors and offers insights that could contribute to elucidating the mechanism of action of LMNB1 to provide a new direction for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingcong Lv
- Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jialin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases Research, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases Research, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
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3
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Maltsev DI, Aniol VA, Golden MA, Petrina AD, Belousov VV, Gulyaeva NV, Podgorny OV. Aging Modulates the Ability of Quiescent Radial Glia-Like Stem Cells in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus to be Recruited into Division by Pro-neurogenic Stimuli. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3461-3476. [PMID: 37995077 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
A delicate balance between quiescence and division of the radial glia-like stem cells (RGLs) ensures continuation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) over the lifespan. Transient or persistent perturbations of this balance due to a brain pathology, drug administration, or therapy can lead to unfavorable long-term outcomes such as premature depletion of the RGLs, decreased AHN, and cognitive deficit. Memantine, a drug used for alleviating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, and electroconvulsive seizure (ECS), a procedure used for treating drug-resistant major depression or bipolar disorder, are known strong AHN inducers; they were earlier demonstrated to increase numbers of dividing RGLs. Here, we demonstrated that 1-month stimulation of quiescent RGLs by either memantine or ECS leads to premature exhaustion of their pool and altered AHN at later stages of life and that aging of the brain modulates the ability of the quiescent RGLs to be recruited into the cell cycle by these AHN inducers. Our findings support the aging-related divergence of functional features of quiescent RGLs and have a number of implications for the practical assessment of drugs and treatments with respect to their action on quiescent RGLs at different stages of life in animal preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I Maltsev
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Victor A Aniol
- Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | | | | | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Life Improvement By Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, Skolkovo, Moscow, 143025, Russia
| | - Natalia V Gulyaeva
- Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, 115419, Russia
| | - Oleg V Podgorny
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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4
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Zhang H, Ishii K, Shibata T, Ishii S, Hirao M, Lu Z, Takamura R, Kitano S, Miyachi H, Kageyama R, Itakura E, Kobayashi T. Fluctuation of lysosomal protein degradation in neural stem cells of the postnatal mouse brain. Development 2024; 151:dev202231. [PMID: 38265146 PMCID: PMC10911176 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are intracellular organelles responsible for degrading diverse macromolecules delivered from several pathways, including the endo-lysosomal and autophagic pathways. Recent reports have suggested that lysosomes are essential for regulating neural stem cells in developing, adult and aged brains. However, the activity of these lysosomes has yet to be monitored in these brain tissues. Here, we report the development of a new probe to measure lysosomal protein degradation in brain tissue by immunostaining. Our results indicate that lysosomal protein degradation fluctuates in neural stem cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, depending on age and brain disorders. Neural stem cells increase their lysosomal activity during hippocampal development in the dentate gyrus, but aging and aging-related disease reduce lysosomal activity. In addition, physical exercise increases lysosomal activity in neural stem cells and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus. We therefore propose that three different stages of lysosomal activity exist: the state of increase during development, the stable state during adulthood and the state of reduction due to damage caused by either age or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Karan Ishii
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shibata
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ishii
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Marika Hirao
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Zhou Lu
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Risa Takamura
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | | | - Eisuke Itakura
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Taeko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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5
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Porter CM, Truttmann MC. TSWIFT, a novel method for iterative staining of embedded and mounted human brain sections. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558493. [PMID: 37786703 PMCID: PMC10541584 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive characterization of protein networks in mounted brain tissue represents a major challenge in brain and neurodegenerative disease research. In this study, we develop a simple staining method, called TSWIFT, to iteratively stain pre-mounted formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) brain sections, thus enabling high-dimensional sample phenotyping. We show that TSWIFT conserves tissue architecture and allows for relabeling a single mounted FFPE sample more than 10 times, even after prolonged storage at 4 °C. Using TSWIFT, we profile the abundance and localization of the HSP70 family chaperones HSC70 (HSPA8) and BiP (HSPA5) in mounted human brain tissue. Our results establish TSWIFT as an efficient method to obtain integrated high-dimensional knowledge of cellular proteomes by analyzing mounted FFPE human brain tissue.
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Kramer BA, Del Castillo JS, Pelkmans L, Gut G. Iterative Indirect Immunofluorescence Imaging (4i) on Adherent Cells and Tissue Sections. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4712. [PMID: 37449033 PMCID: PMC10336569 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly multiplexed protein measurements from multiple spatial scales using fluorescence microscopy recently emerged as a powerful way to investigate tumor microenvironments in biomedicine and the multivariate nature of complex systems' interactions. A range of methods for this exist, which either rely on directly labeling the primary antibody with oligonucleotides/rare metals or employing methods to remove fluorescence for cyclic acquisition. Here, we describe a protocol that uses off-the-shelf primary and secondary antibodies without further need for modification and only commonly available chemical reagents. The method harnesses the observation that antibodies can crosslink to bound epitopes during light exposure, thus preventing elution. By utilizing a simple oxygen radical scavenging buffer during imaging and by blocking free sulfhydryl groups before antibody incubation, the presented method can employ comparably mild conditions to remove bound antibodies from epitopes, which preserves sample integrity. Thus, with the stated minor modifications, it allows for a standard immunofluorescence imaging protocol in cyclic fashion, currently permitting staining of up to ~80 unique epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard A. Kramer
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Sciences PhD Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lucas Pelkmans
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Gut
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Wu Y, Bottes S, Fisch R, Zehnder C, Cole JD, Pilz GA, Helmchen F, Simons BD, Jessberger S. Chronic in vivo imaging defines age-dependent alterations of neurogenesis in the mouse hippocampus. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:380-390. [PMID: 37117787 PMCID: PMC10154232 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) generate new neurons throughout life in the mammalian hippocampus1. Advancing age leads to a decline in neurogenesis, which is associated with impaired cognition2,3. The cellular mechanisms causing reduced neurogenesis with advancing age remain largely unknown. We genetically labeled NSCs through conditional recombination driven by the regulatory elements of the stem-cell-expressed gene GLI family zinc finger 1 (Gli1) and used chronic intravital imaging to follow individual NSCs and their daughter cells over months within their hippocampal niche4,5. We show that aging affects multiple steps, from cell cycle entry of quiescent NSCs to determination of the number of surviving cells, ultimately causing reduced clonal output of individual NSCs. Thus, we here define the developmental stages that may be targeted to enhance neurogenesis with the aim of maintaining hippocampal plasticity with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wu
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bottes
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Fisch
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cinzia Zehnder
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John Darby Cole
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor-Alexander Pilz
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- BioMedical Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig Maximilians University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fritjof Helmchen
- Laboratory of Neural Circuit Dynamics, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin D Simons
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sebastian Jessberger
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Zocher S, Toda T. Epigenetic aging in adult neurogenesis. Hippocampus 2023; 33:347-359. [PMID: 36624660 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the hippocampus generate new neurons throughout life, which functionally contribute to cognitive flexibility and mood regulation. Yet adult hippocampal neurogenesis substantially declines with age and age-related impairments in NSC activity underlie this reduction. Particularly, increased NSC quiescence and consequently reduced NSC proliferation are considered to be major drivers of the low neurogenesis levels in the aged brain. Epigenetic regulators control the gene expression programs underlying NSC quiescence, proliferation and differentiation and are hence critical to the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Epigenetic alterations have also emerged as central hallmarks of aging, and recent studies suggest the deterioration of the NSC-specific epigenetic landscape as a driver of the age-dependent decline in adult neurogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recently accumulating evidence for a role of epigenetic dysregulation in NSC aging and propose perspectives for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zocher
- Nuclear Architecture in Neural Plasticity and Aging Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Tomohisa Toda
- Nuclear Architecture in Neural Plasticity and Aging Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Microtissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Salta E, Lazarov O, Fitzsimons CP, Tanzi R, Lucassen PJ, Choi SH. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease: A roadmap to clinical relevance. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:120-136. [PMID: 36736288 PMCID: PMC10082636 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) drops sharply during early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), via unknown mechanisms, and correlates with cognitive status in AD patients. Understanding AHN regulation in AD could provide a framework for innovative pharmacological interventions. We here combine molecular, behavioral, and clinical data and critically discuss the multicellular complexity of the AHN niche in relation to AD pathophysiology. We further present a roadmap toward a better understanding of the role of AHN in AD by probing the promises and caveats of the latest technological advancements in the field and addressing the conceptual and methodological challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Salta
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Orly Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Brain Plasticity group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolph Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, McCance Center for Brain Health, 114 16th Street, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Brain Plasticity group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 404, 1098 SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Se Hoon Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, McCance Center for Brain Health, 114 16th Street, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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10
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Wu G, Su Q, Li J, Xue C, Zhu J, Cai Q, Huang J, Ji S, Cheng B, Ge H. NAMPT encapsulated by extracellular vesicles from young adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells treated tendinopathy in a "One-Stone-Two-Birds" manner. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:7. [PMID: 36604715 PMCID: PMC9814467 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendinopathy is the leading sports-related injury and will cause severe weakness and tenderness. Effective therapy for tendinopathy remains limited, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have demonstrated great potential in tendinopathy treatment; however, the influence of aging status on EV treatment has not been previously described. RESULTS In this study, it was found that ADMSCs derived from old mice (ADMSCold) demonstrated remarkable cellular senescence and impaired NAD+ metabolism compared with ADMSCs derived from young mice (ADMSCyoung). Lower NAMPT contents were detected in both ADMSCold and its secreted EVs (ADMSCold-EVs). Advanced animal experiments demonstrated that ADMSCyoung-EVs, but not ADMSCold-EVs, alleviated the pathological structural, functional and biomechanical properties in tendinopathy mice. Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that ADMSCyoung-EVs improved cell viability and relieved cellular senescence of tenocytes through the NAMPT/SIRT1/PPARγ/PGC-1α pathway. ADMSCyoung-EVs, but not ADMSCold-EVs, promoted phagocytosis and M2 polarization in macrophages through the NAMPT/SIRT1/Nf-κb p65/NLRP3 pathway. The macrophage/tenocyte crosstalk in tendinopathy was influenced by ADMSCyoung-EV treatment and thus it demonstrated "One-Stone-Two-Birds" effects in tendinopathy treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates an effective novel therapy for tendinopathy and uncovers the influence of donor age on curative effects by clarifying the detailed biological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Wu
- grid.43555.320000 0000 8841 6246School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Qihang Su
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhabei Central Hospital of Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200070 China
| | - Chao Xue
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Qiuchen Cai
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jingbiao Huang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Shaoyang Ji
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Biao Cheng
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Hengan Ge
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065 China
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11
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Stevanovic M, Lazic A, Schwirtlich M, Stanisavljevic Ninkovic D. The Role of SOX Transcription Factors in Ageing and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:851. [PMID: 36614288 PMCID: PMC9821406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for eternal youth and immortality is as old as humankind. Ageing is an inevitable physiological process accompanied by many functional declines that are driving factors for age-related diseases. Stem cell exhaustion is one of the major hallmarks of ageing. The SOX transcription factors play well-known roles in self-renewal and differentiation of both embryonic and adult stem cells. As a consequence of ageing, the repertoire of adult stem cells present in various organs steadily declines, and their dysfunction/death could lead to reduced regenerative potential and development of age-related diseases. Thus, restoring the function of aged stem cells, inducing their regenerative potential, and slowing down the ageing process are critical for improving the health span and, consequently, the lifespan of humans. Reprograming factors, including SOX family members, emerge as crucial players in rejuvenation. This review focuses on the roles of SOX transcription factors in stem cell exhaustion and age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, visual deterioration, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, and age-related cancers. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ageing and the roles of SOX transcription factors in this process could open new avenues for developing novel strategies that will delay ageing and prevent age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Stevanovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrijana Lazic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Schwirtlich
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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Luquez T, Gaur P, Kosater IM, Lam M, Lee DI, Mares J, Paryani F, Yadav A, Menon V. Cell type-specific changes identified by single-cell transcriptomics in Alzheimer's disease. Genome Med 2022; 14:136. [PMID: 36447241 PMCID: PMC9710120 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid advancement of single-cell transcriptomics in neurology has allowed for profiling of post-mortem human brain tissue across multiple diseases. Over the past 3 years, several studies have examined tissue from donors with and without diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease, highlighting key changes in cell type composition and molecular signatures associated with pathology and, in some cases, cognitive decline. Although all of these studies have generated single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq or ATAC-seq data from the full array of major cell classes in the brain, they have each focused on changes in specific cell types. Here, we synthesize the main findings from these studies and contextualize them in the overall space of large-scale omics studies of Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we touch upon new horizons in the field, in particular advancements in high-resolution spatial interrogation of tissue and multi-modal efforts-and how they are likely to further advance mechanistic and target-selection studies on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tain Luquez
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pallavi Gaur
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivy M Kosater
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matti Lam
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dylan I Lee
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason Mares
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fahad Paryani
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Archana Yadav
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational & Computational Immunology, Department of Neurology and Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Urbán N. Could a Different View of Quiescence Help Us Understand How Neurogenesis Is Regulated? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:878875. [PMID: 35431774 PMCID: PMC9008321 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.878875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are in a distinct metabolic state of reversible cell cycle exit also known as quiescence. The rate of aNSC activation determines the number of new neurons generated and directly influences the long-term maintenance of neurogenesis. Despite its relevance, it is still unclear how aNSC quiescence is regulated. Many factors contribute to this, like aNSC heterogeneity, the lack of reliable quiescence markers, the complexity of the neurogenic niches or the intricacy of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms involved. In this perspective article I discuss possible solutions to these problems. But, first and foremost, I believe we require a model that goes beyond a simple transition toward activation. Instead, we must acknowledge the full complexity of aNSC states, which include not only activation but also differentiation and survival as behavioural outcomes. I propose a model where aNSCs dynamically transition through a cloud of highly interlinked cellular states driven by intrinsic and extrinsic cues. I also show how a new perspective enables us to integrate current results into a coherent framework leading to the formulation of new testable hypothesis. This model, like all others, is still far from perfect and will be reshaped by future findings. I believe that having a more complete view of aNSC transitions and embracing their complexity will bring us closer to understand how aNSC activity and neurogenesis are controlled throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Urbán
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
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14
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Pandit K, Petrescu J, Cuevas M, Stephenson W, Smibert P, Phatnani H, Maniatis S. An open source toolkit for repurposing Illumina sequencing systems as versatile fluidics and imaging platforms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5081. [PMID: 35332182 PMCID: PMC8948189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is a key method in the life sciences. State of the art -omics methods combine fluorescence microscopy with complex protocols to visualize tens to thousands of features in each of millions of pixels across samples. These -omics methods require precise control of temperature, reagent application, and image acquisition parameters during iterative chemistry and imaging cycles conducted over the course of days or weeks. Automated execution of such methods enables robust and reproducible data generation. However, few commercial solutions exist for temperature controlled, fluidics coupled fluorescence imaging, and implementation of bespoke instrumentation requires specialized engineering expertise. Here we present PySeq2500, an open source Python code base and flow cell design that converts the Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument, comprising an epifluorescence microscope with integrated fluidics, into an open platform for programmable applications without need for specialized engineering or software development expertise. Customizable PySeq2500 protocols enable experimental designs involving simultaneous 4-channel image acquisition, temperature control, reagent exchange, stable positioning, and sample integrity over extended experiments. To demonstrate accessible automation of complex, multi-day workflows, we use the PySeq2500 system for unattended execution of iterative indirect immunofluorescence imaging (4i). Our automated 4i method uses off-the-shelf antibodies over multiple cycles of staining, imaging, and antibody elution to build highly multiplexed maps of cell types and pathological features in mouse and postmortem human spinal cord sections. Given the widespread availability of HiSeq 2500 platforms and the simplicity of the modifications required to repurpose these systems, PySeq2500 enables non-specialists to develop and implement state of the art fluidics coupled imaging methods in a widely available benchtop system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Pandit
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Joana Petrescu
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Cuevas
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Peter Smibert
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Silas Maniatis
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA.
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