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Zheng Y, Correa-Silva S, Palmeira P, Carneiro-Sampaio M. Maternal vaccination as an additional approach to improve the protection of the nursling: Anti-infective properties of breast milk. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2022; 77:100093. [PMID: 35963149 PMCID: PMC9382412 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk constitutes a secretion with unique functions of both nourishing the nursling and providing protection against enteric and respiratory infections, mainly due to its content of secretory IgA antibodies but also due to the presence of a plethora of bioactive factors. Specific IgA antibodies are produced locally by plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes that migrate from other mucosae to the mammary gland during lactation, particularly from the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Therefore, here, the authors will provide a comprehensive review of the content and functions of different nutritional and bioactive anti-infectious components from breast milk, such as oligosaccharides, lactoferrin, haptocorrin, α-lactalbumin, k-casein, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, mucin, fatty acids, defensins, cytokines and chemokines, hormones and growth factors, complement proteins, leukocytes and nucleic acids, including microRNAs, among many others, and the induction of antibody responses in breast milk after maternal vaccination with several licensed vaccines, including the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine preparations used worldwide. Currently, in the midst of the pandemic, maternal vaccination has re-emerged as a crucial source of passive immunity to the neonate through the placenta and breastfeeding, considering that maternal vaccination can induce specific antibodies if performed during pregnancy and after delivery. There have been some reports in the literature about milk IgA antibodies induced by bacterial antigens or inactivated virus vaccines, such as anti-diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, anti-influenza viruses, anti-pneumococcal and meningococcal polysaccharide preparations. Regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, most studies demonstrate elevated levels of specific IgA and IgG antibodies in milk with virus-neutralizing ability after maternal vaccination, which represents an additional approach to improve the protection of the nursling during the entire breastfeeding period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Simone Correa-Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade Paulista, UNIP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Palmeira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-36), Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Magda Carneiro-Sampaio
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Kontopodi E, Stahl B, van Goudoever JB, Boeren S, Timmermans RAH, den Besten HMW, Van Elburg RM, Hettinga K. Effects of High-Pressure Processing, UV-C Irradiation and Thermoultrasonication on Donor Human Milk Safety and Quality. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:828448. [PMID: 35386262 PMCID: PMC8979557 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.828448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Holder pasteurization (HoP) is the current recommended treatment for donor human milk. Although this method inactivates microbial contaminants, it also negatively affects various milk components. High-pressure processing (HPP, 400, 500, and 600 MPa), ultraviolet-C irradiation (UV-C, 2,430, 3,645, and 4,863 J/L) and thermoultrasonication (TUS, 1,080 and 1,620 kJ/L) were investigated as alternatives to thermal pasteurization (HoP). We assessed the effects of these methods on microbiological safety, and on concentration and functionality of immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lysozyme and bile salt-stimulated lipase, with LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and activity assays. HoP, HPP, TUS, and UV-C at 4863 J/L, achieved >5-log10 microbial reduction. Native protein levels and functionality showed the highest reduction following HoP, while no significant reduction was found after less intense HPP and all UV-C treatments. Immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, and lysozyme contents were also preserved after low intensity TUS, but bile salt-stimulated lipase activity was significantly reduced. This study demonstrated that HPP and UV-C may be considered as suitable alternatives to HoP, since they were able to ensure sufficient microbial inactivation while at the same time better preserving the bioactive components of donor human milk. In summary, our results provide valuable insights regarding the evaluation and selection of suitable processing methods for donor human milk treatment, which may replace HoP in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kontopodi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. van Goudoever
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Rian A. H. Timmermans
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Ruurd M. Van Elburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kasper Hettinga
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Wang Y, Ze X, Rui B, Li X, Zeng N, Yuan J, Li W, Yan J, Li M. Studies and Application of Sialylated Milk Components on Regulating Neonatal Gut Microbiota and Health. Front Nutr 2021; 8:766606. [PMID: 34859034 PMCID: PMC8631720 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.766606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is rich in sialic acids (SA), which are commonly combined with milk oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. As a functional nutrient component, SA-containing milk components have received increasing attention in recent years. Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been demonstrated to promote the growth and metabolism of beneficial gut microbiota in infants, bringing positive outcomes to intestinal health and immune function. They also exhibit antiviral and bacteriostatic activities in the intestinal mucosa of new-borns, thereby inhibiting the adhesion of pathogens to host cells. These properties play a pivotal role in regulating the intestinal microbial ecosystem and preventing the occurrence of neonatal inflammatory diseases. In addition, some recent studies also support the promoting effects of sialylated HMOs on neonatal bone and brain development. In addition to HMOs, sialylated glycoproteins and glycolipids are abundant in milk, and are also critical to neonatal health. This article reviews the current research progress in the regulation of sialylated milk oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates on neonatal gut microbiota and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaolei Ze
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Binqi Rui
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinke Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nina Zeng
- Science and Technology Centre, By-Health Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieli Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ren Q, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Tian Y, Sun H, Zhao X, Xu Y, Jiang S. Longitudinal changes in the bioactive proteins in human milk of the Chinese population: A systematic review. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:25-35. [PMID: 33473267 PMCID: PMC7802555 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed at investigating longitudinal changes in human milk bioactive protein concentrations in Chinese population. Both English and Chinese databases were searched. The data were pooled into six defined lactation stages. Weighted means of protein concentrations in each stage and the statistical significance of means of different lactation stages were calculated. The data of 11 bioactive proteins were retrieved. Concentrations of sIgA, IgM, and IgG decreased sharply during the first 14 days of lactation. The levels of α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, and β-casein also decreased throughout lactation. Conversely, lysozyme levels increased over lactation. The changing patterns of the serum albumin, osteopontin, and bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) were not conclusive. This study represents the most comprehensive summary of bioactive proteins in Chinese human milk. In the future, mass spectrometry-based analysis of human milk proteomics may be used to investigate the longitudinal changes of many more bioactive proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Ren
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Yalin Zhou
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Yueyue Tian
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Han Sun
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
- Present address:
Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yajun Xu
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food SafetyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shilong Jiang
- PKUHSC‐China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan DevelopmentBeijingChina
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Innovation CenterHeilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd.BeijingChina
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