1
|
Huang WH, Kajal K, Wibowo RH, Amartuvshin O, Kao SH, Rastegari E, Lin CH, Chiou KL, Pi HW, Ting CT, Hsu HJ. Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling. Development 2024; 151:dev201772. [PMID: 38063853 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether excess dietary sugar affects stem cells. Here, we report that HSD impairs stem cell function in the intestine and ovaries of female Drosophila prior to the onset of insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Although 1 week of HSD leads to obesity, impaired oogenesis and altered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance does not occur. HSD increases glucose uptake by germline stem cells (GSCs) and triggers reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling, which reduces GSC proliferation. Removal of excess sugar from the diet reverses these HSD-induced phenomena. A similar phenomenon is found in intestinal stem cells (ISCs), except that HSD disrupts ISC maintenance and differentiation. Interestingly, tumor-like GSCs and ISCs are less responsive to HSD, which may be because of their dependence on glycolytic metabolism and high energy demand, respectively. This study suggests that excess dietary sugar induces oxidative stress and damages stem cells before insulin resistance develops, a mechanism that may also occur in higher organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Kreeti Kajal
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227
| | | | - Oyundari Amartuvshin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Elham Rastegari
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Kuan-Lin Chiou
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Wei Pi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ti Ting
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Hwei-Jan Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| |
Collapse
|