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Crockett ETH, Vennin S, Botzas‐Coluni J, Larocque G, Bennett EM. Bright spots of carbon storage in temperate forests. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin T. H. Crockett
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Sydney Vennin
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
- St. Hugh's College University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Julie Botzas‐Coluni
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Guillaume Larocque
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Elena M. Bennett
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
- Bieler School of Environment McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
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2
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Duchesne L, Ouimet R. Digital mapping of soil texture in ecoforest polygons in Quebec, Canada. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11685. [PMID: 34221741 PMCID: PMC8234928 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Texture strongly influences the soil’s fundamental functions in forest ecosystems. In response to the growing demand for information on soil properties for environmental modeling, more and more studies have been conducted over the past decade to assess the spatial variability of soil properties on a regional to global scale. These investigations rely on the acquisition and compilation of numerous soil field records and on the development of statistical methods and technology. Here, we used random forest machine learning algorithms to model and map particle size composition in ecoforest polygons for the entire area of managed forests in the province of Quebec, Canada. We compiled archived laboratory analyses of 29,570 mineral soil samples (17,901 sites) and a set of 33 covariates, including 22 variables related to climate, five related to soil characteristics, three to spatial position or spatial context, two to relief and topography, and one to vegetation. After five repeats of 5-fold cross-validation, results show that models that include two functionally independent values regarding particle size composition explain 60%, 34%, and 78% of the variance in sand, silt and clay fractions, respectively, with mean absolute errors ranging from 4.0% for the clay fraction to 9.5% for the sand fraction. The most important model variables are those observed in the field and those interpreted from aerial photography regarding soil characteristics, followed by those regarding elevation and climate. Our results compare favorably with those of previous soil texture mapping studies for the same territory, in which particle size composition was modeled mainly from rasterized climatic and topographic covariates. The map we provide should meet the needs of provincial forest managers, as it is compatible with the ecoforest map that constitutes the basis of information for forest management in Quebec, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Duchesne
- Direction de la recherche forestière, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Rock Ouimet
- Direction de la recherche forestière, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Brienen RJW, Caldwell L, Duchesne L, Voelker S, Barichivich J, Baliva M, Ceccantini G, Di Filippo A, Helama S, Locosselli GM, Lopez L, Piovesan G, Schöngart J, Villalba R, Gloor E. Forest carbon sink neutralized by pervasive growth-lifespan trade-offs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4241. [PMID: 32901006 PMCID: PMC7479146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Land vegetation is currently taking up large amounts of atmospheric CO2, possibly due to tree growth stimulation. Extant models predict that this growth stimulation will continue to cause a net carbon uptake this century. However, there are indications that increased growth rates may shorten trees' lifespan and thus recent increases in forest carbon stocks may be transient due to lagged increases in mortality. Here we show that growth-lifespan trade-offs are indeed near universal, occurring across almost all species and climates. This trade-off is directly linked to faster growth reducing tree lifespan, and not due to covariance with climate or environment. Thus, current tree growth stimulation will, inevitably, result in a lagged increase in canopy tree mortality, as is indeed widely observed, and eventually neutralise carbon gains due to growth stimulation. Results from a strongly data-based forest simulator confirm these expectations. Extant Earth system model projections of global forest carbon sink persistence are likely too optimistic, increasing the need to curb greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J W Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - L Caldwell
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - L Duchesne
- Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de la recherche forestière, 2700 Einstein Street, Quebec, QC, G1P 3W8, Canada
| | - S Voelker
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, New York, NY, 13210, USA
| | - J Barichivich
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, CNRS/CEA/UVSQ, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France.,Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Baliva
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100, Viterbo, Via SC de Lellis, Italy
| | - G Ceccantini
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - A Di Filippo
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100, Viterbo, Via SC de Lellis, Italy
| | - S Helama
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Ounasjoentie 6, 96200, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - G M Locosselli
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - L Lopez
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-Mendoza, C.C. 330, (5500), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - G Piovesan
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100, Viterbo, Via SC de Lellis, Italy
| | - J Schöngart
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental (CODAM), Av. André Araújo 2936, 69067-375, Manaus, Brazil
| | - R Villalba
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-Mendoza, C.C. 330, (5500), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - E Gloor
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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4
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Kong R, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Tian J, Chang J, Jiang S, Zhu B, Chen X. Increasing carbon storage in subtropical forests over the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the major ecological projects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136163. [PMID: 31905558 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forest carbon stocks has an important role in the global carbon budget. Based on the satellite-observed and LPJ model simulated aboveground biomass carbon (ABC) data, the spatial and temporal changes of subtropical forest carbon storage in the Yangtze River basin and its relations to the climate variation and human activities were analyzed by using the methods of cumulative curve analysis and climate sensitivity analysis during 1993-2012. The results revealed that: (1) In general, the forest ABC increased obviously in the Yangtze River basin during the past 20 years, and the ABC rose from 2563.91 Tg C in 1993 to 2893.17 Tg C in 2012, with a growth rate of 12.84%. The higher ABC distribution was mainly concentrated in the Jialing River basin and Hanjiang River basin and the significantly increasing trends could be found in most area of the Yangtze River basin; (2) The forest ABC was sensitive to the changes of temperature and precipitation. When the temperature increases by 1 °C, the ABC in the Yangtze River basin will increase by 3.32%, while it will decrease by -6.12% when the precipitation increases by 10%; (3) The forest ABC growth rate had accelerated from 3.15% in 1993-2000 to 8.01% in 2001-2012. The cumulative curve of the forest ABC was generally higher than the temperature or the precipitation after 2000. The total areas induced by climate variation and human activities accounted for 30.5% and 52.59% with an increases in ABC by 67.52 Tg C and 188.74 Tg C from 1993 to 2012, respectively. The implementation of major forestry projects might be the main reason for the rapid increase of forest ABC in the Yangtze River basin. This study suggested human activities such as ecological projects might contribute to the accelerated greening trend and highlighted the pivotal role of subtropical forest ABC in the carbon budget in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kong
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Zengxin Zhang
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulics Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jiaxi Tian
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Juan Chang
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Bin Zhu
- Joint Innovation Center for Modern Forestry Studies, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulics Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Huang L, Chen K, Zhou M. Climate change and carbon sink: a bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:8740-8758. [PMID: 31912388 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, climate change and carbon sinks have been widely studied by the academic community, and relevant research results have emerged in abundance. In this paper, a scientometric analysis of 747 academic works published between 1991 and 2018 related to climate change and carbon sinks is presented to characterize the intellectual landscape by identifying and revealing the basic characteristics, research power, intellectual base, research topic evolution, and research hotspots in this field. The results show that ① the number of publications in this field has increased rapidly and the field has become increasingly interdisciplinary; ② the most productive authors and institutions in this subject area are in the USA, China, Canada, Australia, and European countries, and the cooperation between these researchers is closer than other researchers in the field; ③ 11 of the 747 papers analyzed in this study have played a key role in the evolution of the field; and ④ in this paper, we divide research hotspots into three decade-long phases (1991-1999, 2000-2010, and 2011-present). Drought problems have attracted more and more attention from scholars. In the end, given the current trend of the studies, we conclude a list of research potentials of climate change and carbon sinks in the future. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of climate change and carbon sink research to better understand the global trends and directions that have emerged in this field over the past 28 years, which can also provide reference for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Ke Chen
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
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6
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Zhou Y, Jing L, Jiao S, Chen A, Li N, Lei J, Yang M, Jia Y, Lu C, Lei G. Dynamics of greenhouse gas emission induced by different burrowing activities of fossorial vertebrates in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow ecosystem. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:115-122. [PMID: 31654197 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) are endemic fossorial vertebrates in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow ecosystem. Their different burrowing activities together transform soil structure and then significantly change the landscape of meadow ecosystem. However, how their burrowing activities impact greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the pattern of GHG emissions between different types of tunnel burrowing still remain obscure. In this study, we conducted in situ measurements quantitatively investigating the impacts of the different burrowing activities of zokors and pikas on three main GHG CO2, CH4, and N2O from an alpine meadow ecosystem in southeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed that zokor hummocks and pika burrows were sources of CO2 and N2O and sinks of CH4. Zokors burrowing increased N2O in the atmosphere, decreased CO2, and enhanced CH4 absorbing, while pikas burrowing increased N2O in the atmosphere and enhanced CH4 absorbing. Considering the controversial role of fossorial vertebrates in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, this study also shed lights on effective management of animal activities with the aim of stabilizing or increasing ecosystem carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Jing
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shengwu Jiao
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Nana Li
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jialin Lei
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yifei Jia
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Cai Lu
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guangchun Lei
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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7
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Lecina-Diaz J, Alvarez A, Regos A, Drapeau P, Paquette A, Messier C, Retana J. The positive carbon stocks-biodiversity relationship in forests: co-occurrence and drivers across five subclimates. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 28:1481-1493. [PMID: 29885260 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon storage in forests and its ability to offset global greenhouse gas emissions, as well as biodiversity and its capacity to support ecosystem functions and services, are often considered separately in landscape planning. However, the potential synergies between them are currently poorly understood. Identifying the spatial patterns and factors driving their co-occurrence across different climatic zones is critical to more effectively conserve forest ecosystems at the regional level. Here, we integrated information of National Forest Inventories and Breeding Bird Atlases across Europe and North America (Spain and Quebec, respectively), covering five subclimates (steppe, dry Mediterranean, humid Mediterranean, boreal, and temperate). In particular, this study aimed to (1) determine the spatial patterns of both forest carbon stocks and biodiversity (bird richness, tree richness, and overall biodiversity) and the factors that influence them; (2) establish the relationships between forest carbon stocks and biodiversity; and (3) define and characterize the areas of high (hotspots) and low (coldspots) values of carbon and biodiversity, and ultimately quantify their spatial overlap. Our results show that the factors affecting carbon and biodiversity vary between regions and subclimates. The highest values of carbon and biodiversity were found in northern Spain (humid Mediterranean subclimate) and southern Quebec (temperate subclimate) where there was more carbon as climate conditions were less limiting. High density and structural diversity simultaneously favored carbon stocks, tree, and overall biodiversity, especially in isolated and mountainous areas, often associated with steeper slopes and low accessibility. In addition, the relationship between carbon stocks and biodiversity was positive in both regions and all subclimates, being stronger where climate is a limiting factor for forest growth. The spatial overlap between hotspots of carbon and biodiversity provides an excellent opportunity for landscape planning to maintain carbon stocks and conserve biodiversity. The variables positively affecting carbon and biodiversity were also driving the hotspots of both carbon and biodiversity, emphasizing the viability of "win-win" solutions. Our results highlight the need to jointly determine the spatial patterns of ecosystem services and biodiversity for an effective and sustainable planning of forest landscapes that simultaneously support conservation and mitigate climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert Alvarez
- CREAF, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adrián Regos
- CIBIO/InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, ECOCHANGE Group, Vairão, Portugal
- Depto de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Fisica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CEMFOR-CTFC), Sant Llorenç de Morunys km 2, 25280, Solsona, Spain
| | - Pierre Drapeau
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H3C 3P8, Canada
- Centre d'étude de la Forêt, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Alain Paquette
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H3C 3P8, Canada
- Centre d'étude de la Forêt, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H2X 3Y7, Canada
| | - Christian Messier
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H3C 3P8, Canada
- Centre d'étude de la Forêt, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec , H2X 3Y7, Canada
- Institut des Sciences de la Forêt Tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Ripon, Québec, J0V 1V0, Canada
| | - Javier Retana
- CREAF, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
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