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Song C, Li D, Huang L, Zhang J, Zhao X. Role of Ferroptosis Regulation by Nrf2/NQO1 Pathway in Alcohol-Induced Cardiotoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1044-1052. [PMID: 38833663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cardiotoxic effects of alcohol and its potential toxic mechanism on ferroptosis in mice and H9c2 cells. Mice were intragastrically treated with three different concentrations of alcohol, 7, 14, and 28%, each day for 14 days. Body weight and electrocardiography (ECG) were recorded over the 14 day period. Serum creatine kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), MDA, tissue iron, and GSH levels were measured. Cardiac tissues were examined histologically, and ferroptosis was assessed. In H9c2 cardiomyocytes, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), labile iron pool (LIP), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured. The proteins of ferroptosis were evaluated by the western blot technique in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that serum CK, LDH, MDA, and tissue iron levels significantly increased in the alcohol treatment group in a dose-dependent manner. The content of GSH decreased after alcohol treatment. ECG and histological examinations showed that alcohol impaired cardiac function and structure. In addition, the levels of ROS and LIP increased, and MMP levels decreased after alcohol treatment. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) protected cells from lipid peroxidation. Western blotting analysis showed that alcohol downregulated the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, and GPX4. The expressions of P53 and TfR were upregulated in vivo and in vitro. Fer-1 significantly alleviated alcohol-induced ferroptosis. In conclusion, the study showed that Nrf2/NQO1-dependent ferroptosis played a vital role in the cardiotoxicity induced by alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpu Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development & Utilization (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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2
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Wang T, Xiong K, He Y, Feng B, Guo L, Gu J, Zhang M, Wang H, Wu X. Chronic pancreatitis-associated metabolic bone diseases: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical advances. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E856-E868. [PMID: 38656128 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00113.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disease with an increasing global prevalence. In recent years, a strong association between CP and metabolic bone diseases (MBDs), especially osteoporosis, has been identified, attracting significant attention in the research field. Epidemiological data suggest a rising trend in the incidence of MBDs among CP patients. Notably, recent studies have highlighted a profound interplay between CP and altered nutritional and immune profiles, offering insights into its linkage with MBDs. At the molecular level, CP introduces a series of biochemical disturbances that compromise bone homeostasis. One critical observation is the disrupted metabolism of vitamin D and vitamin K, both essential micronutrients for maintaining bone integrity, in CP patients. In this review, we provide physio-pathological perspectives on the development and mechanisms of CP-related MBDs. We also outline some of the latest therapeutic strategies for treating patients with CP-associated MBDs, including stem cell transplantation, monoclonal antibodies, and probiotic therapy. In summary, CP-associated MBDs represent a rising medical challenge, involving multiple tissues and organs, complex disease mechanisms, and diverse treatment approaches. More in-depth studies are required to understand the complex interplay between CP and MBDs to facilitate the development of more specific and effective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanli He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Binbin Feng
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - LinBin Guo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingliang Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohao Wu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, United States
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Wudhikulprapan W, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N, Kumfu S. Iron overload and programmed bone marrow cell death: Potential mechanistic insights. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 754:109954. [PMID: 38432564 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Iron overload has detrimental effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), cells crucial for bone marrow homeostasis and hematopoiesis support. Excessive iron accumulation leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in cell death, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of vital cellular pathways. Although apoptosis has been extensively studied, other programmed cell death mechanisms including autophagy, necroptosis, and ferroptosis also play significant roles in iron overload-induced bone marrow cell death. Studies have highlighted the involvement of ROS production, DNA damage, MAPK pathways, and mitochondrial dysfunction in apoptosis. In addition, autophagy and ferroptosis are activated, as shown by the degradation of cellular components and lipid peroxidation, respectively. However, several compounds and antioxidants show promise in mitigating iron overload-induced cell death by modulating ROS levels, MAPK pathways, and mitochondrial integrity. Despite early indications, more comprehensive research and clinical studies are needed to better understand the interplay between these programmed cell death mechanisms and enable development of effective therapeutic strategies. This review article emphasizes the importance of studying multiple cell death pathways simultaneously and investigating potential rescuers to combat iron overload-induced bone marrow cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanat Wudhikulprapan
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Kumfu
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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安 可, 周 学. [Latest Findings on Ferroptosis and Osteoarthropathy]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:1294-1299. [PMID: 38162082 PMCID: PMC10752773 DOI: 10.12182/20231160209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly-discovered mode of programmed cell death, is closely associated with the development of various diseases throughout the human body, such as tumors of the digestive system, ischemia-reperfusion injury, osteoarthropathy, etc. Therefore, ferroptosis has become a hot research topic in many fields of study in recent years, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of relevant diseases. Among them, structural lesions in osteoarthropathies involving articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovial tissue have been found to be associated with iron overload, as well as oxidative stress, which suggests that inhibition of ferroptosis in relevant joint tissue cells may have a positive effect in halting the development of osteoarthropathy. Herein, focusing on ferroptosis and osteoarthropathy, we summarized the research developments in mechanisms related to iron metabolism and ferroptosis, analyzed the impact of ferroptosis on the pathogenesis and development of osteoarthropathy, and proposed new ideas for medication therapies of osteoarthropathy, taking into account the latest research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- 可 安
- 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 牙体牙髓病科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 学东 周
- 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 牙体牙髓病科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li Y, Du Y, Zhou Y, Chen Q, Luo Z, Ren Y, Chen X, Chen G. Iron and copper: critical executioners of ferroptosis, cuproptosis and other forms of cell death. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:327. [PMID: 37974196 PMCID: PMC10652626 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a regulable cell death that involves well-organized signaling cascades and molecular mechanisms. RCD is implicated in fundamental processes such as organ production and tissue remodeling, removing superfluous structures or cells, and regulating cell numbers. Previous studies have not been able to reveal the complete mechanisms, and novel methods of RCD are constantly being proposed. Two metal ions, iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential factors leading to RCDs that not only induce ferroptosis and cuproptosis, respectively but also lead to cell impairment and eventually diverse cell death. This review summarizes the direct and indirect mechanisms by which Fe and Cu impede cell growth and the various forms of RCD mediated by these two metals. Moreover, we aimed to delineate the interrelationships between these RCDs with the distinct pathways of ferroptosis and cuproptosis, shedding light on the complex and intricate mechanisms that govern cellular survival and death. Finally, the prospects outlined in this review suggest a novel approach for investigating cell death, which may involve integrating current therapeutic strategies and offer a promising solution to overcome drug resistance in certain diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Du
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Basic Science Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Qianhui Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Luo
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
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Chen H, Han Z, Wang Y, Su J, Lin Y, Cheng X, Liu W, He J, Fan Y, Chen L, Zuo H. Targeting Ferroptosis in Bone-Related Diseases: Facts and Perspectives. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4661-4677. [PMID: 37872954 PMCID: PMC10590556 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s432111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new cell fate decision discovered in recent years. Unlike apoptosis, autophagy or pyroptosis, ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial morphological changes. Ferroptosis is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been increasingly studied concerning bone-related diseases. In this review, we focus on the latest research progress and prospects, summarize the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, and discuss the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteosarcoma (OS), as well as its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- School of Ophthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu He
- Sichuan Judicial and Police Officers Professional College, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiyue Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuyan Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Houdong Zuo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Li GF, Gao Y, Weinberg ED, Huang X, Xu YJ. Role of Iron Accumulation in Osteoporosis and the Underlying Mechanisms. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:647-654. [PMID: 37326889 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is prevalent in postmenopausal women. The underlying reason is mainly estrogen deficiency, but recent studies have indicated that osteoporosis is also associated with iron accumulation after menopause. It has been confirmed that some methods of decreasing iron accumulation can improve the abnormal bone metabolism associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the mechanism of iron accumulation-induced osteoporosis is still unclear. Iron accumulation may inhibit the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via oxidative stress, leading to osteoporosis by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption via the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) system. In addition to oxidative stress, iron accumulation also has been reported to inhibit either osteoblastogenesis or osteoblastic function as well as to stimulate either osteoclastogenesis or osteoclastic function directly. Furthermore, serum ferritin has been widely used for the prediction of bone status, and nontraumatic measurement of iron content by magnetic resonance imaging may be a promising early indicator of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Fei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 2015004, China
- Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 2015004, China
- Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - E D Weinberg
- Department of Biology & Program in Medical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - You-Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 2015004, China.
- Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Huang L, Sun G, Xu W, Li S, Qin X, An Q, Wang Z, Li J. Uranium uptake is mediated markedly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and induce dose-dependent toxicity in HK-2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104171. [PMID: 37295740 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the endocytosis mechanisms of uranium uptake in HK-2 cells and its toxic effects. Our results demonstrated that uranium exposure impairs redox homeostasis and increases the permeability of the cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane, which may induce cell apoptosis by cytochrome-c leakage. Alkaline phosphatase activity increased after uranium exposure, which may be involved in the process of intracellular mineralisation of uranium, leading to severe cell necrosis. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that the clathrin-mediated endocytosis process contributed substantially to uranium uptake in HK-2 cells and the total uranium uptake was highly correlated with cell viability, reaching a high correlation coefficient (r= -0.853) according to Pearson correlation analysis. In conclusion, the uptake of uranium into mammalian cells was mainly facilitated by the clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway and induced dose-dependent cellular toxicity, including redox homeostasis imbalance, membrane injury, cell apoptosis and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Huang
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ge Sun
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shufang Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiujun Qin
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Quan An
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhongwen Wang
- Department of Radiation Safety, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Zhang H, Wang A, Li G, Zhai Q, Huang Z, Wang X, Cao Z, Liu L, Liu G, Chen B, Zhu K, Xu Y, Xu Y. Osteoporotic bone loss from excess iron accumulation is driven by NOX4-triggered ferroptosis in osteoblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 198:123-136. [PMID: 36738798 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Excess iron accumulation is a risk factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis, and ferroptosis is becoming well understood as iron-dependent form of cell death resulting from lipid peroxide accumulation. However, any pathological impacts of ferroptosis on osteoporosis remain unknown. Here, we show that ferroptosis is involved in excess-iron-induced bone loss and demonstrate that osteoporotic mice and humans have elevated skeletal accumulation of the NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) enzyme. Mechanistically, we found that the NOX4 locus contains iron-response element-like (IRE-like) sequences that are normally bound (and repressed) by the iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) protein. Binding with iron induces dissociation of IRP1 from the IRE-like sequences and thereby activates NOX4 transcription. Elevated NOX4 increases lipid peroxide accumulation and causes obvious dysregulation of mitochondrial morphology and function in osteoblasts. Excitingly, the osteoporotic bone loss which we initially observed in an excessive-iron accumulating mouse line (Hepc1-/-) was blocked upon treatment with the ferroptosis-inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Ferr-1) and with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO), suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing osteoporotic bone loss based on disruption of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Aifei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Institute of Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Treatments of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Guangfei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Qiaocheng Zhai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhengyun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Zihou Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Institute of Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Treatments of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Lulin Liu
- Institute of Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Treatments of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Gongwen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Keyu Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Institute of Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Treatments of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Osteoporosis Clinical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China; Institute of Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Treatments of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Melatonin Repairs Osteoporotic Bone Defects in Iron-Overloaded Rats through PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β/P70S6k Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:7718155. [PMID: 36703914 PMCID: PMC9873465 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7718155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It was found recently that iron overload can cause osteoporosis in rats. Through in vitro and in vivo experimentations, the purpose of the present study was to validate and confirm the inhibitory effects of melatonin on iron death of osteoporosis and its role in bone microstructure improvements. Melatonin (100 mol/L) was administered to MC3T3-E1 cells induced by iron overload in vitro for 48 hours. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP and the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and mitochondrial damage were all exacerbated by iron overload. On the other hand, melatonin restored these impacts in MC3T3-E1 cells produced by iron overload. By evaluating the expression of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/P70S6k signaling pathway-related proteins (RUNX2, BMP2, ALP, and OCN) using RT-PCR and Western blot, osteogenic-related proteins were identified. Alizarin red S and alkaline phosphatase were utilized to evaluate the osteogenic potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. Melatonin significantly improved the osteogenic ability and phosphorylation rates of PI3K, AKT, GSK-3β, and P70S6k in iron overload-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. In vivo, melatonin treated iron overload-induced osteoporotic bone defect in rats. Rat skeletal microstructure was observed using micro-CT and bone tissue pathological section staining. ELISA was utilized to identify OCN, PINP, CTX-I, and SI in the serum of rats. We discovered that melatonin increased bone trabecular regeneration and repair in osteoporotic bone defects caused by iron overload. In conclusion, melatonin enhanced the osteogenic ability of iron overload-induced MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/P70S6k signaling pathway and promoting the healing of iron overload-induced osteoporotic bone defects in rats.
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Xia Y, Luo Q, Huang C, Shi L, Jahangir A, Pan T, Wei X, He J, Liu W, Shi R, Geng Y, Fang J, Tang L, Guo H, Ouyang P, Chen Z. Ferric citrate-induced colonic mucosal damage associated with oxidative stress, inflammation responses, apoptosis, and the changes of gut microbial composition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114364. [PMID: 36508806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferric citrate (FC) has been used as an iron fortifier and nutritional supplement, which is reported to induce colitis in rats, however the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. We performed a 16-week study of FC in male healthy C57BL/6 mice (nine-month-old) with oral administration of Ctr (0.9 % NaCl), 1.25 % FC (71 mg/kg/bw), 2.5 % FC (143 mg/kg/bw) and 5 % FC (286 mg/kg/bw). FC-exposure resulted in colon iron accumulation, histological alteration and reduce antioxidant enzyme activities, such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), together with enhanced lipid peroxidation level, including malondialdehyde (MDA) level and 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein expression. Exposure to FC was associated with upregulated levels of the interleukin (IL)- 6, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), while down-regulated levels of IL-4 and IL-10. Exposure to FC was positively associated with the mRNA and protein expressions of cysteine-aspartic proteases (Caspase)- 9, Caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), while negatively associated with B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) in mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway. FC-exposure changed the diversity and composition of gut microbes. Additionally, the serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contents increased in FC-exposed groups when compared with the control group, while the expression of colonic tight junction proteins (TJPs), such as Claudin-1 and Occludin were decreased. These findings indicate that the colonic mucosal injury induced by FC-exposure are associated with oxidative stress generation, inflammation response and cell apoptosis, as well as the changes in gut microbes diversity and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Asad Jahangir
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junbo He
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Riyi Shi
- Center for Paralysis Research & Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yi Geng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Tang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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12
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Luo C, Xu W, Tang X, Liu X, Cheng Y, Wu Y, Xie Z, Wu X, He X, Wang Q, Xiao Y, Qiu X, Tang Z, Shao G, Tu X. Canonical Wnt signaling works downstream of iron overload to prevent ferroptosis from damaging osteoblast differentiation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:337-350. [PMID: 35752374 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive iron has emerged in a large population of patients suffering from degenerative or hematological diseases with a common outcome, osteoporosis. However, its underlying mechanism remains to be clarified in order to formulate effective prevention and intervention against the loss of bone-forming osteoblasts. We show herein that increased intracellular iron by ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) mimicking the so-called non-transferrin bound iron concentrations leads to ferroptosis and impaired osteoblast differentiation. FAC upregulates the expression of Trfr and DMT1 genes to increase iron uptake, accumulating intracellular labile ferrous iron for iron overload status. Then, the excessive ferrous iron generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products (LPO), causing ferroptosis with its typical mitochondrial morphological changes, such as shrinkaged and condensed membrane with diminution and loss of crista and outer membrane rupture. We further examined that ferroptosis is the main cause responsible for FAC-disrupted osteoblast differentiation, although apoptosis and senescence are concurrently induced as well. Mechanistically, we revealed that iron dose-dependently down-regulates the expression of Wnt target genes and inhibits the transcription of Wnt reporter TopFlash construct, so as to inhibit the canonical Wnt signaling. Wnt agonist, ferroptosis inhibitor, or antioxidant melatonin reverses iron-inhibited canonical Wnt signaling to restore osteoblast differentiation by reducing ROS and LPO production to prevent ferroptosis notably without reducing iron overload. This study proposes a working model against excessive iron-induced osteoporosis: iron chelator deferoxamine or the above three drugs prevent ferroptosis, restore traditional Wnt signaling to maintain osteoblast differentiation no matter whether iron overload is removed or not. Additionally, iron chelator should be used to a suitable extent because iron itself is necessary for osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Luo
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Nursing, University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yixun Wu
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhengsong Xie
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xin He
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xueting Qiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhurong Tang
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Gaohai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tu
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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13
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Emerging Potential Therapeutic Targets of Ferroptosis in Skeletal Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3112388. [PMID: 35941905 PMCID: PMC9356861 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation mediated by iron and inflammation. Since the transcentury realization of ferroptosis as an iron-dependent modality of nonapoptotic cell death in 2012, there has been growing interest in the function of ferroptosis and its relationship to clinical diseases. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with multiple diseases, including degenerative diseases, ischemia reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Cell death induced by ferroptosis has also been related to several skeletal diseases, such as inflammatory arthritis, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. Research on ferroptosis can clarify the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases and provide a novel therapeutic target for its treatment. In this review, we summarize current information about the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and describe its emerging role and therapeutic potential in skeletal diseases.
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14
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Guo L, Zhang D, Liu S, Dong Z, Zhou J, Yin Y, Wan D. Maternal iron supplementation during pregnancy affects placental function and iron status in offspring. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 71:126950. [PMID: 35183047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency and overload during pregnancy damage to maternal and fetal health. Placenta as an organ for the transport of nutrients between mother and fetus protects fetus from the harmful effects of iron deficiency and iron overload through regulation of placental iron homeostasis. METHODS To determine the effect of dietary iron supplementation during pregnancy on reproduction and the mechanism of placental iron regulation, we designed dietary high iron (HI: 344 mg/kg), medium iron (MI: 40 mg/kg), low iron (LI: 2 mg/kg) groups of pregnant female mice fed ferrous citrate 2 weeks before mating to 18.5 days of gestation. RESULTS We find dietary iron supplementation during pregnancy effect maternal liver iron, placental iron, hemoglobin and fetal iron. Dietary iron significantly improves reproductive performance as litter weight and fetal weight. Correlation analysis suggest placental iron increased with liver iron, higher and lower liver iron is not conducive to the accumulation of fetal iron, placental iron deficiency and excess reduce litter weight. Placental transcriptome analysis revealed DEGs with the same trend in HI and LI groups compared with MI group, dietary iron may change biology process of ion transport and gland development in placenta. Granzyme may affect the placental trophoblast structure prior to delivery with iron overload uniquely. CONCLUSION This research highlights the importance of moderate iron supplements in pregnancy due to damage of reproduction by affecting placental function under different dose of maternal iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Guo
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Shuan Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglin Dong
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Dan Wan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
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15
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Yavropoulou MP, Anastasilakis AD, Tzoulis P, Tourni S, Rigatou E, Kassi E, Kattamis A, Makras P. Approach to the management of β thalassemia major associated osteoporosis - A long-standing relationship revisited. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022305. [PMID: 36300213 PMCID: PMC9686151 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i5.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Adults with β- thalassemia major (β-TM) develop low BMD and fragility fractures at a higher incidence and at a younger age compared to the general population. The disease itself, including direct effects of anemia and iron overload toxicity on bone turnover, genetic susceptibility, thalassemia-related endocrinopathies and acquittance of suboptimal peak bone mass contribute to low bone mass and increased bone fragility frequently encountered among these patients. Current management of osteoporosis requires long-term treatment that can be provided by agents that reduce the risk of all osteoporotic fractures by modulating bone metabolism with different mechanisms of action. These include inhibitors of bone remodeling (e.g., bisphosphonates, denosumab) and stimulators of bone formation (e.g., PTHR1 agonists and sclerostin antibodies). Considering the unique characteristics of osteoporosis associated with β-TM and the clinical importance of balancing the risk/benefit of treatment in the long-term, appropriate use of these therapeutic approaches is essential for patient care. In this review we outline current literature on the use of anti-osteoporotic drugs in β-TM patients with osteoporosis focusing on data on the efficacy, safety, and duration of treatment. In addition, we propose a long-term management plan for β-TM -associated osteoporosis aiming at the optimal patient care for this special population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Yavropoulou
- Endocrinology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | | | - Ploutarchos Tzoulis
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Whittington Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Symeon Tourni
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System “Th. Garofalidis”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimia Rigatou
- Division of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Endocrinology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Antonis Kattamis
- Division of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, First Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Polyzois Makras
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Department of Medical Research, 251 Hellenic Air Force and VA General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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16
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Zhou LP, Zhang RJ, Jia CY, Kang L, Zhang ZG, Zhang HQ, Wang JQ, Zhang B, Shen CL. Ferroptosis: A potential target for the intervention of intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1042060. [PMID: 36339421 PMCID: PMC9630850 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1042060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death marked by phospholipid peroxidation, is regulated by complex cellular metabolic pathways including lipid metabolism, iron balance, redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial activity. Initial research regarding the mechanism of ferroptosis mainly focused on the solute carrier family 7 member 11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signal pathway. Recently, novel mechanisms of ferroptosis, independent of GPX4, have been discovered. Numerous pathologies associated with extensive lipid peroxidation, such as drug-resistant cancers, ischemic organ injuries, and neurodegenerative diseases, are driven by ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a new therapeutic target for the intervention of IVDD. The role of ferroptosis in the modulation of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a significant topic of interest. This is a novel research topic, and research on the mechanisms of IVDD and ferroptosis is ongoing. Herein, we aim to review and discuss the literature to explore the mechanisms of ferroptosis, the relationship between IVDD and ferroptosis, and the regulatory networks in the cells of the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate to provide references for future basic research and clinical translation for IVDD treatment.
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17
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Sun K, Guo Z, Hou L, Xu J, Du T, Xu T, Guo F. Iron homeostasis in arthropathies: From pathogenesis to therapeutic potential. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101481. [PMID: 34606985 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for proper functioning of cells within mammalian organ systems; in particular, iron homeostasis is critical for joint health. Excess iron can induce oxidative stress damage, associated with the pathogenesis of iron-storage and ageing-related diseases. Therefore, iron levels in body tissues and cells must be tightly regulated. In the past decades, excess iron content within joints has been found in some patients with joint diseases including hemophilic arthropathy, hemochromatosis arthropathy, and osteoarthritis (OA). Currently, increased evidence has shown that iron accumulation is closely associated with multiple pathological changes of these arthropathies. This review summarizes system-level and intracellular regulation of iron homeostasis, and emphasizes the role of iron in synovial alterations, cartilage degeneration, and subchondral bone of several arthropathies. Of note, we discuss the potential link between iron homeostasis and OA pathogenesis. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of maintaining iron homeostasis in these arthropathies.
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18
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RIPK1 Coordinates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival by Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis via p53. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5540149. [PMID: 34840579 PMCID: PMC8626202 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5540149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival of mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow is essential for bone marrow microenvironment homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. RIPK1 has emerged as a critical molecule of programmed cell death in tissue homeostasis. However, little is known about the regulation of RIPK1 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we have investigated for the first time the role of RIPK1 in bone marrow MSCs. We have found that RIPK1 knockdown suppressed proliferation, differentiation, and migration in bone marrow MSCs. Furthermore, RIPK1 knockdown resulted in the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and mtDNA damage, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, and consequently induced apoptosis and necroptosis in bone marrow MSCs. Moreover, we identified that the p53-PUMA axis pathway was involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in RIPK1-deficient bone marrow MSCs. Together, our findings highlighted that RIPK1 was indispensable for bone marrow MSC survival.
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19
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Phoaubon S, Lertsuwan K, Teerapornpuntakit J, Charoenphandhu N. Hepcidin induces intestinal calcium uptake while suppressing iron uptake in Caco-2 cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258433. [PMID: 34644351 PMCID: PMC8513844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal calcium absorption and iron overload from iron hyperabsorption can contribute to osteoporosis as found in several diseases, including hemochromatosis and thalassemia. Previous studies in thalassemic mice showed the positive effects of the iron uptake suppressor, hepcidin, on calcium transport. However, whether this effect could be replicated in other conditions is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of hepcidin on iron and calcium uptake ability under physiological, iron uptake stimulation and calcium uptake suppression. To investigate the potential mechanism, effects of hepcidin on the expression of iron and calcium transporter and transport-associated protein in Caco-2 cells were also determined. Our results showed that intestinal cell iron uptake was significantly increased by ascorbic acid together with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), but this phenomenon was suppressed by hepcidin. Interestingly, hepcidin significantly increased calcium uptake under physiological condition but not under iron uptake stimulation. While hepcidin significantly suppressed the expression of iron transporter, it had no effect on calcium transporter expression. This indicated that hepcidin-induced intestinal cell calcium uptake did not occur through the stimulation of calcium transporter expression. On the other hand, 1,25(OH)2D3 effectively induced intestinal cell calcium uptake, but it did not affect intestinal cell iron uptake or iron transporter expression. The 1,25(OH)2D3-induced intestinal cell calcium uptake was abolished by 12 mM CaCl2; however, hepcidin could not rescue intestinal cell calcium uptake suppression by CaCl2. Taken together, our results showed that hepcidin could effectively and concurrently induce intestinal cell calcium uptake while reducing intestinal cell iron uptake under physiological and iron uptake stimulation conditions, suggesting its therapeutic potential for inactive calcium absorption, particularly in thalassemic patients or patients who did not adequately respond to 1,25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supathra Phoaubon
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biochemistry (International Program), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kornkamon Lertsuwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | - Jarinthorn Teerapornpuntakit
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Narattaphol Charoenphandhu
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
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20
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Feng Y, He PY, Kong WD, Cen WJ, Wang PL, Liu C, Zhang W, Li SS, Jiang JW. Apoptosis-promoting properties of miR-3074-5p in MC3T3-E1 cells under iron overload conditions. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:37. [PMID: 34399682 PMCID: PMC8365891 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00281-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Iron overload can promote the development of osteoporosis by inducing apoptosis in osteoblasts. However, the mechanism by which miRNAs regulate apoptosis in osteoblasts under iron overload has not been elucidated. Method The miRNA expression profile in MC3T3-E1 cells under iron overload was detected by next generation sequencing. qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of miR-3074-5p in MC3T3-E1 cells under iron overload. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was tested using CCK-8 assays, and apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The miRanda and TargetScan databases were used to predict the target genes of miR-3074-5p. Interaction between miR-3074-5p and the potential target gene was validated by qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay and western blotting. Results We found that iron overload decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells. The results of next generation sequencing analysis showed that miR-3074-5p expression was significantly increased in MC3T3-E1 cells under iron overload conditions, which was confirmed by further experiments. The inhibition of miR-3074-5p attenuated the apoptosis of iron-overloaded MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the expression of Smad4 was decreased and was inversely correlated with miR-3074-5p expression, and overexpression of Smad4 partially reversed the viability inhibition of iron-overloaded MC3T3-E1 cells by relieving the suppression of ERK, AKT, and Stat3 phosphorylation, suggesting its regulatory role in the viability inhibition of iron-overloaded MC3T3-E1 cells. The luciferase reporter assay results showed that Smad4 was the target gene of miR-3074-5p. Conclusion miR-3074-5p functions as an apoptosis promoter in iron-overloaded MC3T3-E1 cells by directly targeting Smad4. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-021-00281-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Yan He
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Dong Kong
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Jing Cen
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Lin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Shu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, China. .,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Wei Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Ledesma-Colunga MG, Weidner H, Vujic Spasic M, Hofbauer LC, Baschant U, Rauner M. Shaping the bone through iron and iron-related proteins. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:188-200. [PMID: 34389111 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Well-controlled iron levels are indispensable for health. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia, whereas iron overload, either hereditary or secondary due to disorders of ineffective erythropoiesis, causes widespread organ failure. Bone is particularly sensitive to fluctuations in systemic iron levels as both iron deficiency and overload are associated with low bone mineral density and fragility. Recent studies have shown that not only iron itself, but also iron-regulatory proteins that are mutated in hereditary hemochromatosis can control bone mass. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the effects of iron on bone homeostasis and bone cell activities, and on the role of proteins that regulate iron homeostasis, i.e. hemochromatosis proteins and proteins of the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, on bone remodeling. As disorders of iron homeostasis are closely linked to bone fragility, deeper insights into common regulatory mechanisms may provide new opportunities to concurrently treat disorders affecting iron homeostasis and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Ledesma-Colunga
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Molecular Bone Biology, Department of Medicine III & University Center for Healty Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heike Weidner
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Molecular Bone Biology, Department of Medicine III & University Center for Healty Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maja Vujic Spasic
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Molecular Bone Biology, Department of Medicine III & University Center for Healty Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Baschant
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Molecular Bone Biology, Department of Medicine III & University Center for Healty Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Molecular Bone Biology, Department of Medicine III & University Center for Healty Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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22
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Jin H, Du J, Ren H, Yang G, Wang W, Du J. Astragaloside IV protects against iron loading-induced abnormal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1223-1236. [PMID: 33445204 PMCID: PMC8016140 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron loading has been reported to be a common stress in the development of cells, and this might be related to bone loss and osteoporosis. Astragaloside IV (ASI‐IV), a pure compound derived from Radix Astragali, has been reported to exhibit cardioprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antiasthmatic and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ASI‐IV could reverse iron loading‐induced inhibition of cell viability, proliferation, pluripotency and osteogenesis and promote adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) was used to stimulate iron loading conditions. ASI‐IV was observed to ameliorate the FAC‐induced reduction of cell viability, proliferation, pluripotency and osteogenesis of BMSCs. In addition, ASI‐IV could block the increased adipogenesis of BMSCs after FAC treatment. We intraperitoneally injected mice with 250 mg·kg−1 iron dextran, with or without ASI‐IV (40 mg·kg−1), for 4 weeks. ASI‐IV inhibited the iron loading‐induced bone loss of these mice. Furthermore, ASI‐IV played a protective role in iron loading‐induced abnormal differentiation of BMSCs by regulating iron homeostasis and metabolism. In summary, our study suggesteds that ASI‐IV might have potentials for development into a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of iron loading‐induced abnormal differentiation of BMSCs and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Jianyang Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Guofu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Jianyang Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
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Liu H, Wang YW, Chen WD, Dong HH, Xu YJ. Iron accumulation regulates osteoblast apoptosis through lncRNA XIST/miR-758-3p/caspase 3 axis leading to osteoporosis. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:432-443. [PMID: 33336851 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is mainly caused by multiple factors. Recent studies have suggested that iron accumulation (IA) was closely related to PMOP. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms have not been well demonstrated. We constructed the IA mouse model by intraperitoneal injections of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and cell model by culturing with the medium containing FAC. Osteoporosis was confirmed in mouse bone tissues using H&E staining, and the level of serum ferritin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), procollagen-1 N-terminal peptide (P1NP), and osteocalcin in mice was examined by ELISA. The expressions of XIST and miR-758-3p were detected by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8, TUNEL, and flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptotic-related proteins were evaluated by western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the molecular interaction. The expressions of ALP, P1NP, and osteocalcin, and the H&E staining of bone tissues in mice were analyzed to confirm the biological function of XIST and miR-758-3p in vivo. XIST was up-regulated while miR-758-3p was down-regulated in IA mouse and cell models. XIST knockdown significantly reduced FAC-induced osteoblast apoptosis, which was mimicked by transfection with miR-758-3p mimics. XIST acted as a sponge of miR-758-3p, which targeted caspase 3. IA led to the high expression of XIST and promoted osteoblast apoptosis through miR-758-3p/caspase 3. Transfection with shXIST or miR-758-3p mimics alleviated IA-induced mouse osteoporosis. IA regulated osteoblast apoptosis through XIST/miR-758-3p/caspase 3 axis, which might provide alternative targets for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Yu-Wu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Hong-Hua Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - You-Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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24
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Large magnitude of force leads to NO-mediated cell shrinkage in single osteocytes implying an initial apoptotic response. J Biomech 2021; 117:110245. [PMID: 33493709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Damage accumulation in the bone under continuous daily loading causes local mechanical overloading known to induce osteocyte apoptosis, which promotes bone resorption to repair bone damage. However, only a few studies have investigated the mechanism of apoptosis in mechanically overloaded osteocytes. As mechanically stimulated osteocytes produce nitric oxide (NO), which triggers apoptosis in various cell types, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying apoptosis in mechanically overloaded osteocytes, focusing on intracellular NO. To investigate the effects of force magnitude on apoptosis and intracellular NO production, we isolated osteocytes from DMP1-EGFP mice and subjected them to quantitative local forces via fibronectin-coated micro beads targeting integrin on the cell surface using a magnetic tweezer. Cell shrinkage was microscopically examined, and intracellular NO production was visualized using DAR-4 M. Mechanical stimulation revealed relationships between force magnitude, apoptosis, and intracellular NO production. The application of a smaller force resulted in no significant cell shrinkage or intracellular NO production; however, a larger force caused a rapid increase in intracellular NO production followed by cell shrinkage. Besides, intracellular NOS (NO synthase) inhibition and NO donation revealed the pro-apoptotic roles of NO in osteocytes. L-NAME (NOS inhibitor)-treated cells displayed no significant shrinkage under a larger force, whereas SNP (NO donor)-treated cells showed cell shrinkage and Annexin V fluorescence, indicating apoptosis. Collectively, our study demonstrates that larger force leads to NO production-mediated osteocyte shrinkage, implying an initial apoptotic response and highlighting the importance of NO production in bone damage.
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Huang C, Liang D, Huang C, Li B, He J, Huang X. The protective effects of simvastatin in Cadmium-Induced preosteoblast injury through Nox4. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 42:117-124. [PMID: 33349105 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1859533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has a direct toxic effect on bones. Statins such as simvastatin have protective effects on various diseases, including on tissue injury. The current study revealed the efficacy of simvastatin on Cd-induced preosteoblast injury. Preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were incubated with various doses of CdCl2 for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, and then the cell cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression level of Nox4 was assessed by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The morphological appearance of MC3T3-E1 cells was observed under a microscope. Cells exposed to CdCl2 (5 µM) were further treated by simvastatin at various doses, subsequently cell viability, apoptosis and the expression of Nox4 were measured. Furthermore, to confirm the protective effects of simvastatin on Cd-induced pre-osteoblast injury, functional rescue assays were performed after corresponding cell treatment by simvastatin (10-8 M), CdCl2 (5 µM), and overexpression of Nox4. Expressions of cell apoptosis-related markers were measured by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The results revealed that CdCl2 caused MC3T3-E1 cell injury because the cell viability was decreased and the apoptosis was increased. Nox4 expression was up-regulated with the increase of CdCl2 concentrations. Simvastatin increased the cell viability, relieved the cell apoptosis and Nox4 expression previously increased by CdCl2. The effects of CdCl2 on MC3T3-E1 cells and Nox4 expression could be attenuated by simvastatin, and promoted by Nox4 overexpression. The current study found that simvastatin protects Cd-induced preosteoblast injury via Nox4, thus, it can be used as a potential drug for treating cadmium-induced bone injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxia Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Du Liang
- Department of Orthopedics and Arthrolog, Guangzhou Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongbo Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangzhou Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baolin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangzhou Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiandong He
- Department of Orthopedics and Arthrolog, Guangzhou Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ximou Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou Yuexiu District Orthopedics and Traumatology Rehabilitation, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang Q, Cheng X, Zhang H, Zhang T, Wang Z, Zhang W, Yu W. Dissecting molecular mechanisms underlying H 2O 2-induced apoptosis of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell: role of Mst1 inhibition. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:526. [PMID: 33298178 PMCID: PMC7724846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) has been shown to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases the apoptosis of BM-MSCs, leading to poor survival and engraft efficiency. Thus, improving the ability of BM-MSCs to scavenge ROS may considerably enhance the effectiveness of transplantation therapy. Mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) is a pro-apoptotic molecule which increases ROS production. The aim of this study is to uncover the underlying mechanisms the effect of Mst1 inhibition on the tolerance of BM-MSCs under H2O2 condition. METHODS Mst1 expression in BM-MSCs was inhibited via transfection with adenoviruses expressing a short hairpin (sh) RNA directed against Mst1 (Ad-sh-Mst1) and exposure to H2O2. Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V-FITC/PI, Caspase 3 Activity Assay kits, and pro caspase 3 expression. ROS level was evaluated by the ROS probe DCFH-DA, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) assay, SOD1/2, CAT, and GPx expression. Autophagy was assessed using transmission electron microscopy, stubRFP-sensGFP-LC3 lentivirus, and autophagy-related protein expression. The autophagy/Keap1/Nrf2 signal in H2O2-treated BM-MSC/sh-Mst1 was also measured. RESULTS Mst1 inhibition reduced ROS production; increased antioxidant enzyme SOD1/2, CAT, and GPx expression; maintained ΔΨm; and alleviated cell apoptosis in H2O2-treated BM-MSCs. In addition, this phenomenon was closely correlated with the autophagy/Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway. Moreover, the antioxidant pathway Keap1/Nrf2 was also blocked when autophagy was inhibited by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. However, Keap1 or Nrf2 knockout via siRNA had no effect on autophagy activation or suppression. CONCLUSION Mst1 inhibition mediated the cytoprotective action of mBM-MSCs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury. The underlying mechanisms involve autophagy activation and the Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Xianfeng Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Haizhou Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengjun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Wancheng Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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Yang J, Dong D, Luo X, Zhou J, Shang P, Zhang H. Iron Overload-Induced Osteocyte Apoptosis Stimulates Osteoclast Differentiation Through Increasing Osteocytic RANKL Production In Vitro. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:499-509. [PMID: 32995951 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is closely associated with osteoporosis, the potential cellular mechanism involved in decreased osteoblast differentiation and increased osteoclast formation. However, the effect of iron overload on the biological behavior in osteocytes has not been reported. This study aims to investigate the changes of osteocytic activity, apoptosis, and its regulation on osteoclastogenesis in response to iron overload. MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells and primary osteocytes from mice were processed with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and deferoxamine (DFO), the conditioned medium (CM) was harvested and co-cultured with Raw264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to induce them to differentiate into osteoclasts. Osteocyte apoptosis, osteoclast differentiation, osteocytic gene expression and protein secretion of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) was examined. Excessive iron has a toxic effect on MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells. Increased cell apoptosis in MLO-Y4 cells and primary osteocytes was induced by iron overload. The osteoclastic formation, differentiation-related gene expression, and osteoclastic bone-resorption capability were significantly increased after treated with the CM from iron overload-exposed osteocytes. Excessive iron exposure significantly promoted the gene expression and protein secretion of the RANKL in MLO-Y4 cells. Addition of RANKL-blocking antibody completely abolished the increase of osteoclast formation and bone resorption capacity induced by the CM from osteocytes exposed to excessive iron. Moreover, the pan-caspase apoptosis inhibitor, QVD (quinolyl-valyl-O-methylaspartyl-[-2,6-difluorophenoxy]-methylketone) was used to inhibit osteocyte apoptosis. The results showed osteocyte apoptosis induced by iron overload was reduced by QVD and accompanied by the decrease of soluble RANKL (sRANKL) in supernatant. The increase of osteoclast formation and bone resorption capacity induced by the CM from osteocytes exposed to excessive iron was significantly decreased by QVD. These results indicated that iron overload-induced osteocyte apoptosis is required to regulate osteoclast differentiation by increasing osteocytic RANKL production. This study, for the first time, reveals the indirect effect of iron overload on osteoclast differentiation through regulating osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 38, Jinglong Construction Road, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinle Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 38, Jinglong Construction Road, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 38, Jinglong Construction Road, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China.
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, People's Hospital of Longhua, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 38, Jinglong Construction Road, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
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ROS-Mediated Necroptosis Is Involved in Iron Overload-Induced Osteoblastic Cell Death. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1295382. [PMID: 33123307 PMCID: PMC7586162 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1295382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Excess iron has been reported to lead to osteoblastic cell damage, which is a crucial pathogenesis of iron overload-related osteoporosis. However, the cytotoxic mechanisms have not been fully documented. In the present study, we focused on whether necroptosis contributes to iron overload-induced osteoblastic cell death and related underlying mechanisms. Here, we showed that the cytotoxicity of iron overload in osteoblastic cells was mainly due to necrosis, as evidenced by the Hoechst 33258/PI staining, Annexin-V/PI staining, and transmission electronic microscopy. Furthermore, we revealed that iron overload-induced osteoblastic necrosis might be mediated via the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL necroptotic pathway. In addition, we also found that iron overload was able to trigger mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, which is a critical downstream event in the execution of necroptosis. The key finding of our experiment was that iron overload-induced necroptotic cell death might depend on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, as N-acetylcysteine effectively rescued mPTP opening and necroptotic cell death. ROS induced by iron overload promote necroptosis via a positive feedback mechanism, as on the one hand N-acetylcysteine attenuates the upregulation of RIPK1 and RIPK3 and phosphorylation of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL and on the other hand Nec-1, siRIPK1, or siRIPK3 reduced ROS generation. In summary, iron overload induced necroptosis of osteoblastic cells in vitro, which is mediated, at least in part, through the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. We also highlight the critical role of ROS in the regulation of iron overload-induced necroptosis in osteoblastic cells.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron overload, a state with excessive iron storage in the body, is a common complication in thalassemia patients which leads to multiple organ dysfunctions including the bone. Iron overload-induced bone disease is one of the most common and severe complications of thalassemia including osteoporosis. Currently, osteoporosis is still frequently found in thalassemia even with widely available iron chelation therapy. STUDY SELECTION Relevant publications published before December 2019 in PubMed database were reviewed. Both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials were obtained using iron overload, thalassemia, osteoporosis, osteoblast, and osteoclast as keywords. RESULTS Increased ROS production is a hallmark of iron overload-induced impaired bone remodeling. At the cellular level, oxidative stress affects bone remodeling by both osteoblast inhibition and osteoclast activation via many signaling pathways. In thalassemia patients, it has been shown that bone resorption was increased while bone formation was concurrently reduced. CONCLUSION In this review, reports on the cellular mechanisms of iron overload-associated bone remodeling are comprehensively summarized and presented to provide current understanding this pathological condition. Moreover, current treatments and potential interventions for attenuating bone remodeling in iron overload are also summarized to pave ways for the future discoveries of novel agents that alleviate this condition.
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Lertsuwan K, Nammultriputtar K, Nanthawuttiphan S, Tannop N, Teerapornpuntakit J, Thongbunchoo J, Charoenphandhu N. Differential effects of Fe2+ and Fe3+ on osteoblasts and the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3, deferiprone and extracellular calcium on osteoblast viability under iron-overloaded conditions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234009. [PMID: 32470038 PMCID: PMC7259719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the potential contributing factors for iron overload-induced osteoporosis is the iron toxicity on bone forming cells, osteoblasts. In this study, the comparative effects of Fe3+ and Fe2+ on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were studied in UMR-106 osteoblast cells by using ferric ammonium citrate and ferrous ammonium sulfate as Fe3+ and Fe2+ donors, respectively. Effects of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] and iron chelator deferiprone on iron uptake ability of osteoblasts were examined, and the potential protective ability of 1,25(OH)2D3, deferiprone and extracellular calcium treatment in osteoblast cell survival under iron overload was also elucidated. The differential effects of Fe3+ and Fe2+ on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in osteoblasts were also compared. Our results showed that both iron species suppressed alkaline phosphatase gene expression and mineralization with the stronger effects from Fe3+ than Fe2+. 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly increased the intracellular iron but minimally affected osteoblast cell survival under iron overload. Deferiprone markedly decreased intracellular iron in osteoblasts, but it could not recover iron-induced osteoblast cell death. Interestingly, extracellular calcium was able to rescue osteoblasts from iron-induced osteoblast cell death. Additionally, both iron species could induce ROS production and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in osteoblasts with the stronger effects from Fe3+. In conclusions, Fe3+ and Fe2+ differentially compromised the osteoblast functions and viability, which can be alleviated by an increase in extracellular ionized calcium, but not 1,25(OH)2D3 or iron chelator deferiprone. This study has provided the invaluable information for therapeutic design targeting specific iron specie(s) in iron overload-induced osteoporosis. Moreover, an increase in extracellular calcium could be beneficial for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornkamon Lertsuwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ketsaraporn Nammultriputtar
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Natnicha Tannop
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarinthorn Teerapornpuntakit
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Jirawan Thongbunchoo
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narattaphol Charoenphandhu
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Dusit, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Li G, Zhang H, Wu J, Wang A, Yang F, Chen B, Gao Y, Ma X, Xu Y. Hepcidin deficiency causes bone loss through interfering with the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via Forkhead box O3a. J Orthop Translat 2020; 23:67-76. [PMID: 32514392 PMCID: PMC7267010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hepcidin deficiency is known to cause body iron accumulation and bone microarchitecture defects, but the exact underlying mechanisms of hepcidin deficiency-induced bone loss remain unclear. Our objective was to understand the molecular mechanism of hepcidin deficiency-induced bone loss. Methods The bone phenotypes of wild type (WT) and hepcidin knockout (Hepcidin-KO) mice were measured by microcomputed tomography. The osteoclastic marker of the bone was measured by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. The osteoblastic marker of the bone was measured by immunostaining of osteocalcin. Primary osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation was performed using bone marrow cells. The mature osteoclast was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, pit formation assay and relative gene expression. The mature osteoblast was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity, alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red staining and relative gene expression. The protein expression of β-catenin, TCF4/TCF7L2 and Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) was measured by Western blot and their combination by co-immunoprecipitation. In vivo study was performed by tail vein administration of FOXO3a-RNAi using an adeno-associated virus in Hepcidin-KO mice. Results We found that Hepcidin-KO mice exhibited iron accumulation and bone loss compared with WT mice. The osteoclastic differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages from Hepcidin-KO mice was not significantly different from that of bone marrow–derived macrophages from WT mice. However, the osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells from Hepcidin-KO mice was obviously decreased compared with that of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells from WT mice. Furthermore, it was confirmed in this study that upon hepcidin deficiency, β-catenin, TCF4/TCF7L2 and FOXO3a expression in bone tissues was not altered, but β-catenin combination with TCF4/TCF7L2 was strongly inhibited by β-catenin combination with FOXO3a, indicating that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway was affected. Tail vein administration of FOXO3a-RNAi using an adeno-associated virus in Hepcidin-KO mice resulted in bone mass recovery. Conclusion These findings suggested that hepcidin deficiency might cause bone loss by interfering with the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via FOXO3a, and FOXO3a inhibition would be a possible approach to treat hepcidin deficiency-induced bone loss. The translational potential of this article Hepcidin deficiency, as well as iron accumulation, has been considered as a risk factor for osteoporosis. For this kind of osteoporosis, inhibition of FOXO3a either by neutralized antibody or AAV-mediated RNAi, represents an effective and promising method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, 224005, Yancheng, China
| | - Aifei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 116001, Dalian, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, China.,Osteoporosis Institute of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, 215004, Suzhou, China
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The Effects of Liquid Disinfection and Heat Sterilization Processes on Implant Drill Roughness: Energy Dispersion X-ray Microanalysis and Infrared Thermography. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041019. [PMID: 32260343 PMCID: PMC7231016 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate effects on stainless steel (SS) and zirconia implant drills of 50 cycles of sterilization through different processes. METHODS A total of 24 SS and 24 zirconia drills were treated with 3 different sterilization processes: 50 cycles of immersion in glutaraldehyde 2%, 50 cycles in 6% hydrogen peroxide and 50 cycles of heat. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to compare the effect of the different treatments compared to new untreated controls. Infrared thermography was used to measure the increase of temperature during drilling on bone ribs. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure the roughness of the samples. RESULTS Zirconia drills seem not to be affected by the different treatments; no significant differences were found with EDX nor through thermography controls. SS drills were affected by the different treatments, as confirmed by the increased roughness of the SS samples after all the cycles of sterilization/disinfection, measured at SEM. On the contrary, the zirconia drills roughness was not particularly affected by the chemical and thermal cycles. Significant differences were observed regarding the temperature, between steel and zirconia drills (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The disinfection agents had a weak impact on the temperature changes during implant bone preparation, while heat sterilization processes had no effect on either of the drills evaluated. The disinfection agents increased the roughness of the steel drills, while they had no effect on the zirconia drills.
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Peroxiredoxin 5 deficiency exacerbates iron overload-induced neuronal death via ER-mediated mitochondrial fission in mouse hippocampus. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:204. [PMID: 32205843 PMCID: PMC7090063 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for cellular functions, including those of neuronal cells. However, an imbalance of iron homeostasis, such as iron overload, has been observed in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Iron overload causes neuronal toxicity through mitochondrial fission, dysregulation of Ca2+, ER-stress, and ROS production. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms between iron-induced oxidative stress and iron toxicity related to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in vivo are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the role of peroxiredoxin 5 (Prx5) in iron overload-induced neurotoxicity using Prx5-deficient mice. Iron concentrations and ROS levels in mice fed a high iron diet were significantly higher in Prx5−/− mice than wildtype (WT) mice. Prx5 deficiency also exacerbated ER-stress and ER-mediated mitochondrial fission via Ca2+/calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of Drp1 at Serine 637. Moreover, immunoreactive levels of cleaved caspase3 in the CA3 region of the hippocampus were higher in iron-loaded Prx5−/− mice than WT mice. Furthermore, treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, attenuated iron overload-induced hippocampal damage by inhibiting ROS production, ER-stress, and mitochondrial fission in iron-loaded Prx5−/− mice. Therefore, we suggest that iron overload-induced oxidative stress and ER-mediated mitochondrial fission may be essential for understanding iron-mediated neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and that Prx5 may be useful as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of iron overload-mediated diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Curculigoside Protects against Excess-Iron-Induced Bone Loss by Attenuating Akt-FoxO1-Dependent Oxidative Damage to Mice and Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9281481. [PMID: 31949885 PMCID: PMC6948300 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9281481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Summary The present investigation found that curculigoside (CUR) can prevent excess-iron-induced bone loss in mice and cells through antioxidation and inhibiting excess-iron-induced phosphorylation of the Akt-FoxO1 pathway. CUR can attenuate the decreasing of cell viability, enhance autophagy, potentiate the antioxidant effect, and reduce apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with excess iron through regulating the expression of FoxO1 target gene. Introduction Oxidative stress induced by iron overload is an important factor involved in primary osteoporosis disease and iron overload-related diseases. Curculigoside (CUR), a phenolic glycoside found abundantly in Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant and antiosteoporotic properties. The aim of the present study is to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of CUR on excess-iron-induced bone loss in mice and osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods An iron-overload mice model was used to study the protective effects of CUR on bone loss induced by oxidative stress. Serum bone metabolism markers and antioxidant enzymes were also measured. To explore the antioxidant mechanism of CUR, the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line was used. Results In vivo studies showed that BMD and microarchitectural parameters were improved after a 3-month administration of CUR. CUR improved the biochemical parameters related to bone metabolism and the expressions of Runx2, OCN, and type 1 collagen and increased the formation of bone-mineralized nodules in vitro. CUR also inhibited ROS generation and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes both in vivo and in vitro treated with excess iron. CUR can upregulate the level of FoxO1 and Nrf2, downregulate the level of p53 and the phosphorylation level of FoxO1, improve nuclear translocation of FoxO1, probably by inhibiting the IGFR/AKT signaling pathway, then increased cell viability and autophagy, and reduced apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells treated with excess iron by regulating the expression of FoxO1 target genes MnSOD, Gadd45a, Bim, FasL, and Rab7. Conclusions These results demonstrated that CUR was able to alleviate bone loss induced by oxidative stress resulting from iron overload, suggesting its potential use for the treatment of primary osteoporosis and bone loss in iron-overload-related diseases.
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Huang L, Fu R. [Research progress of characteristics and mechanisms of iron overload affecting bone marrow hematopoiesis]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:709-712. [PMID: 31495147 PMCID: PMC7342874 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Huang
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
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36
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Xia D, Wu J, Xing M, Wang Y, Zhang H, Xia Y, Zhou P, Xu S. Iron overload threatens the growth of osteoblast cells via inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a/DUSP14 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15668-15677. [PMID: 30693516 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is a common stress in the development of cells. Growing evidence has indicated that iron overload is associated with osteoporosis. Therefore, enhancing the understanding of iron overload would benefit the development of novel approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of iron overload on osteoblast cells, via the MC3T3-E1 cell line, and to explore its possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) was utilized to simulate iron overload conditions in vitro. FAC-induced iron overload strongly suppressed proliferation of osteoblast cells and induced apoptosis. Moreover, iron overload strongly suppressed the expression of dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14). Additionally, overexpression of DUSP14 protected osteoblast cells from the deleterious effects of iron overload, and this protective effect was mediated by FOXO3a. Additionally, matrine rescued the function of DUSP14 in osteoblast cells. Most importantly, our analysis demonstrated the essential role of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a/DUSP14 signaling pathway in the defense against iron overload in osteoblast cells. Overall, our results not only elucidate deleterious effects of iron overload, but also unveil its possible signaling pathway in osteoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xia
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Panyu Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Xia Y, Guo Y, Yang Z, Chen H, Ren K, Weir MD, Chow LC, Reynolds MA, Zhang F, Gu N, Xu HHK. Iron oxide nanoparticle-calcium phosphate cement enhanced the osteogenic activities of stem cells through WNT/β-catenin signaling. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109955. [PMID: 31500064 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC), functionalized with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP), is of great promise to promote osteoinduction and new bone formation. In this work, the IONP powder was added into the CPC powder to fabricate CPC + IONP scaffolds and the effects of the novel composite on bone matrix formation and osteogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were explored. A series of CPC + IONP magnetic scaffolds with different IONP contents (1%, 3% and 6%) were fabricated using 5% chitosan solution as the cement liquid. Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to analyze the signaling pathway. The IONP incorporation substantially enhanced the performance of CPC + IONP, with increases in both mechanical strength and cellular activities. The IONP addition greatly promoted the osteogenesis of hDPSCs, elevating the ALP activity, the expression of osteogenic marker genes and bone matrix formation with 1.5-2-fold increases. The 3% IONP incorporation showed the most enhancement among all groups. Activation of the extracellular signal-related kinases WNT/β-catenin in DPSCs was observed, and this activation was attenuated by the WNT inhibitor DKK1. The results indicated that the osteogenic behavior of hDPSCs was likely driven by CPC + IONP via the WNT signaling pathway. In conclusion, incorporate IONP into CPC scaffold remarkably enhanced the spreading, osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral synthesis of stem cell. Therefore, this method had great potential for bone tissue engineering. The novel CPC + IONP composite scaffolds with stem cells are promising to provide an innovative strategy to enhance bone regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore 21201, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zukun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore 21201, USA
| | - Laurence C Chow
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore 21201, USA
| | - Feimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greene Baum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Werner SL, Sharma R, Woodruff K, Horn D, Harris SE, Gorin Y, Lee DY, Hua R, Gu S, Fajardo RJ, Habib SL, Jiang JX. CSF-1 in Osteocytes Inhibits Nox4-mediated Oxidative Stress and Promotes Normal Bone Homeostasis. JBMR Plus 2019; 4:e10080. [PMID: 32666016 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CSF-1 is a key factor in regulating bone remodeling; osteocytes express CSF-1 and its receptor. Viable osteocytes are essential for bone remodeling through cell-cell contact and secretion of factors that regulate osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Increased oxidative stress contributes to osteocyte death and correlates with bone loss during aging. The NADPH oxidase Nox4 is a major source of ROS in bone. CSF-1 decreases Nox4, suggesting that CSF-1 protects against oxidative stress. Here, we show that osteocyte apoptosis previously reported in our global CSF-1KO mice is associated with increased Nox4, as well as 4-HNE expression in osteocytes. Osteocytes isolated from CSF-1KO mice were less viable and showed increased intracellular ROS, elevated NADPH oxidase activity/Nox4 protein, activation of mTOR/S6K, and downstream apoptosis signals compared with WT osteocytes. Nox4 expression was also increased in CSF-1KO osteocytes and colocalized with MitoTracker Red in mitochondria. Notably, CSF-1 inhibited Nox4 expression and apoptosis cascade signals. In additional studies, shNox4 decreased these signals in CSF-1KO osteocytes, whereas overexpression of Nox4 in WT osteocytes activated the apoptosis pathway. To determine the role of CSF-1 in osteocytes, DMP1Cre-CSF-1cKO (CSF-1cKO) mice that lack CSF-1 in osteocytes/late osteoblasts were developed. Osteocyte defects in CSF-1cKO mice overlapped with those in CSF-1KO mice, including increased apoptosis, Nox4, and 4-HNE-expressing osteocytes. CSF-1cKO mice showed unbalanced cancellous bone remodeling with decreased bone formation and resorption. Continued exposure to high Nox4/ROS levels may further compromise bone formation and predispose to bone loss and skeletal fragility. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel link between CSF-1, Nox4-derived ROS, and osteocyte survival/function that is crucial for osteocyte-mediated bone remodeling. Results reveal new mechanisms by which CSF-1/oxidative stress regulate osteocyte homeostasis, which may lead to therapeutic strategies to improve skeletal health in aging. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry L Werner
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Ramaswamy Sharma
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Kathleen Woodruff
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Diane Horn
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Stephen E Harris
- Department of Periodontics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Yves Gorin
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Doug-Yoon Lee
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Rui Hua
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Sumin Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Roberto J Fajardo
- Department of Orthopedics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Samy L Habib
- South Texas Veterans Health Care and Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
| | - Jean X Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio TX USA
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Jing X, Du T, Chen K, Guo J, Xiang W, Yao X, Sun K, Ye Y, Guo F. Icariin protects against iron overload-induced bone loss via suppressing oxidative stress. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10123-10137. [PMID: 30387158 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is common in patients with diseases such as hemoglobinopathies, hereditary hemochromatosis or elderly men and postmenopausal women. This disorder is frequently associated with bone loss and recently has been considered as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis. By excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through Fenton reaction, iron could induce osteoblast apoptosis, inhibit osteoblast osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, Iron could also promote osteoclasts differentiation and bone absorption. The goal of the study is to investigate whether icariin could reverse iron overload-induced bone loss in vitro and in vivo. Icariin is the major active ingredient of Herba Epimedii and has antioxidant, antiosteoporosis functions. In the current study, we demonstrated that oral administration of icariin significantly prevented bone loss in iron overloaded mice. Icariin could protect against iron overload-induced mitochondrial membrane potential dysfunction and ROS production, promote osteoblast survival and reverse the reduction of Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin expression induced by iron overload. Icariin also inhibited osteoclasts differentiation and function. Moreover, we also found that icariin remarkably reduced iron accumulation in bone marrow, suggesting that icariin has the ability to regulate systemic iron metabolism in vivo. These results indicated that icariin could be a potential natural resource for developing medicines to prevent or treat iron overload-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Du
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Pu'ai Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiachao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Che R, Ding S, Zhang Q, Yang W, Yan J, Lin X. Haemolysin Sph2 of Leptospira interrogans induces cell apoptosis via intracellular reactive oxygen species elevation and mitochondrial membrane injury. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12959. [PMID: 30278102 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leptospira interrogans causes widespread leptospirosis in humans and animals, with major symptoms of jaundice and haemorrhage. Sph2, a member of the sphingomyelinase haemolysins, is an important virulence factor for leptospire. In this study, the function and mechanism of Sph2 in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis were investigated to further understand the pathogenesis of leptospire. Real-time PCR analysis of expression levels during cell invasion showed that sph2 gene expression was transiently induced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human embryo liver cells (L02), and human epithelial lung cells (L132), with expression levels reaching a peak after 45 min of infection. Further functional analysis of recombinant Sph2 (rSph2) by LDH assays and confocal microscopy showed that rSph2 can be internalised by cells both by causing cell membrane damage and by a damage-independent clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. Subsequently, rSph2 is able to translocate to mitochondria, which led to an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ). Further flowcytometry analyses after rSph2 exposure showed that 28.7%, 31%, and 27.3% of the HUVEC, L02, and L132 cells, respectively, became apoptotic. Because apoptosis could be decreased with the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl cysteine, these experiments suggested that rSph2 triggers apoptosis through mitochondrial membrane damage and ROS elevation. The ability of leptospiral haemolysin rSph2 to cause apoptosis likely contributes to the pathogenesis of leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbo Che
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shibiao Ding
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of integrated traditional Chinese and Western, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchao Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqun Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu'ai Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Yang J, Zhang G, Dong D, Shang P. Effects of Iron Overload and Oxidative Damage on the Musculoskeletal System in the Space Environment: Data from Spaceflights and Ground-Based Simulation Models. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2608. [PMID: 30177626 PMCID: PMC6163331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The space environment chiefly includes microgravity and radiation, which seriously threatens the health of astronauts. Bone loss and muscle atrophy are the two most significant changes in mammals after long-term residency in space. In this review, we summarized current understanding of the effects of microgravity and radiation on the musculoskeletal system and discussed the corresponding mechanisms that are related to iron overload and oxidative damage. Furthermore, we enumerated some countermeasures that have a therapeutic potential for bone loss and muscle atrophy through using iron chelators and antioxidants. Future studies for better understanding the mechanism of iron and redox homeostasis imbalance induced by the space environment and developing the countermeasures against iron overload and oxidative damage consequently may facilitate human to travel more safely in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Gejing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Dandan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Peng Shang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Yang J, Meng X, Dong D, Xue Y, Chen X, Wang S, Shen Y, Zhang G, Shang P. Iron overload involved in the enhancement of unloading-induced bone loss by hypomagnetic field. Bone 2018; 114:235-245. [PMID: 29929042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
During deep-space exploration missions, astronauts will be exposed to abnormal space environments including microgravity and hypomagnetic field (HyMF) that is 10,000 times weaker than geomagnetic field (GMF). It is well known that microgravity in space can induce bone loss; however, it is ill-defined whether HyMF involved in this process. Herein, we aimed to investigate the combined effects of HyMF and microgravity on bone loss. A mouse model of hindlimb suspension (HLU) was adopted to simulate microgravity-induced bone loss, that was exposed to a hypomagnetic field of <300 nanotesla (nT) generated by a geomagnetic field-shielding chamber. Besides, a recent study showed that HLU induced bone loss was orchestrated by iron overload. Therefore, the changes of iron content in unloading-induced bone loss under HyMF condition were detected simultaneously. The results showed HyMF exacerbated the loss of bone mineral content (BMC), induced more detrimental effects on microstructure of cancellous bone but not cortical bone and yielded greater negative effects on biomechanical characteristics in mice femur under unloading status. Concomitantly, there was more iron accumulation in serum, liver, spleen and bone in the combined treatment group than in the separate unloading group or HyMF exposure group. These results showed that HyMF promoted additional bone loss in mice femur during mechanical unloading, and the potential mechanism may be involved in inducing iron overload of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiaofeng Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yanru Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shenghang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Ying Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Gejing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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Expression of iron-regulators in the bone tissue of rats with and without iron overload. Biometals 2018; 31:749-757. [PMID: 30027360 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, more and more studies indicate that iron overload would cause osteopenia or osteoporosis. However, the molecular mechanism of it remains unclear. Moreover, very little is known about the iron metabolism in bone tissue at present. Therefore, the mRNA expression of iron-regulators, transferrin receptor1 (Tfr1), divalent metal transporter1 (Dmt1 + IRE and Dmt1 - IRE), ferritin (FtH and FtL), and ferroportin1 (Ireg1), and the localization of ferroportin1 protein were examined in the bone tissue of rats. In addition, the mRNA expression of each gene was compared between groups of rats with and without iron overload. The results showed that ferroportin1 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of osteoblast, osteocyte, chondrocyte and osteoclast of rats' femur. The six iron-regulatory genes, Tfr1, ferritin (FtH and FtL), (Dmt1 + IRE and Dmt1 - IRE) and ferroportin1 (Ireg1), were found in femurs of rats. In addition, significantly up-regulated expression of FtH and FtL mRNA, and markedly down-regulated expression of Tfr1, Dmt1 + IRE and Ireg1 mRNA, were observed in the iron overload group compared with the control group. The result indicates that ferroportin1 protein is localized in the cytoplasm of bone cells of rats. Tfr1, Dmt1, ferritin and ferroportin1 exist in bone tissue of rats, and they may be involved in the pathological process of iron overload-induced bone lesion.
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Ferrous and ferric differentially deteriorate proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells. Biometals 2018; 31:873-889. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Liu B, Liu C, Zhong W, Song M, Du S, Su J. Reduced hepcidin level features osteoporosis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1963-1967. [PMID: 30186425 PMCID: PMC6122228 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a common serious skeletal disorder marked by increased risk of bone fracture due to fragility. OP has been taken to be a disease linked with abnormal calcium metabolism that alone is obviously insufficient to explain the development of OP. Iron overload has been associated with the development of OP and increasing studies have suggested the association. However, direct evidence for this has not been clinically established. To this end, using the Roche biochemical autoanalyzer, we detected the concentration of iron, soluble transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2), and hepcidin, a key peptide regulating iron homeostasis, in the sera from patients with OP. It was shown that the iron and TFR2 concentration was markedly higher than that of healthy control; whereas the concentration of hepcidin was markedly lower than that in control. In addition, to pilot explore the underlying mechanism by which hepcidin was downregulated, we present that hepcidin can directly interact with TFR2 using immunoprecipitation. The present study first established the direct biochemical evidence for the involvement of hepcidin in the pathogenesis of OP, indicating that the upregulation of hepcidin could be used as a novel alternative therapeutic strategy in the management of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Caihua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Qingdao Shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhong
- Department of Hospital Infection Management, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Dermatoloogy, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Shouqin Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
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Lee DG, Kam MK, Kim KM, Kim HS, Kwon OS, Lee HS, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin 5 prevents iron overload-induced neuronal death by inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 102:10-19. [PMID: 29906559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for neuronal as well as cellular functions. However, Iron overload has been known to cause neuronal toxicity through mitochondrial fission, dysregulation of Ca2+, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of iron-induced oxidative stress and mitochondria- and ER-related iron toxicity in neuronal cells are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that iron overload induces ROS production earlier in the ER than in the mitochondria, and peroxiredoxin 5 (Prx5), which is a kind of antioxidant induced by iron overload, prevents iron overload-induced mitochondrial fragmentation mediated by contact with ER and translocation of Drp1, by inhibiting ROS production and calcium/calcineurin pathway in HT-22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. Moreover, Prx5 also prevented iron overload-induced ER-stress and cleavage of caspase-3, which consequently attenuated neuronal cell death. Therefore, we suggested that iron overload induces oxidative stress in the ER earlier than in the mitochondria, thereby increasing ER stress and calcium levels, and consequently causing mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death. So we thought that this study is essential for understanding iron toxicity in neurons, and Prx5 may serve as a new therapeutic target to prevent iron overload-induced diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gil Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoung Kam
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Seop Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Shin Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Bone abnormalities in young male rats with iron intervention and possible mechanisms. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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MiR-455-3p activates Nrf2/ARE signaling via HDAC2 and protects osteoblasts from oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:2094-2101. [PMID: 29042277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The important role of miR-455-3p in the pathogenesis of bone metabolism associated diseases is gradually emerging. This study aims to ascertain the involvement of miR-455-3p and its underlying mechanisms in osteoporosis. METHODS The osteoblast cell lines MC3T3-E1 was treated with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) to mimic a pathological environment for osteoporosis. The cytotoxic effect of iron overload was assessed by proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress of osteoblasts using commercial kits. Molecular biological methods, including qRT-PCR analysis, cell transfection and luciferase reporter assays were used to explain the role of miR-455-3p and its potential mechanisms in osteoblast apoptosis. RESULTS FAC dramatically inhibited the proliferation of osteoblast cells MC3T3-E1 but increased the apoptosis. We also observed that FAC significantly down-regulated miR-455-3p in MC3T3-E1 cells but enhanced HDAC2 protein level. Moreover, miR-455-3p overexpression eliminated the effects of iron overload on osteoblast cell proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress. In addition, miR-455-3p regulated osteoblast cell proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress through regulating HDAC2-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. MiR-455-3p overexpression alleviated the oxidative stress injury in osteoporosis mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that miR-455-3p activated Nrf2/ARE signal pathway through suppressing Keap1 via negative regulating HDAC2 protein level, thereby suppressing oxidative stress and promoting osteoblasts growth.
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Fanzani A, Poli M. Iron, Oxidative Damage and Ferroptosis in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081718. [PMID: 28783123 PMCID: PMC5578108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data have indicated a fundamental role of iron in mediating a non-apoptotic and non-necrotic oxidative form of programmed cell death termed ferroptosis that requires abundant cytosolic free labile iron to promote membrane lipid peroxidation. Different scavenger molecules and detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), have been shown to overwhelm or exacerbate ferroptosis depending on their expression magnitude. Ferroptosis is emerging as a potential weapon against tumor growth since it has been shown to potentiate cell death in some malignancies. However, this mechanism has been poorly studied in Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a myogenic tumor affecting childhood and adolescence. One of the main drivers of RMS genesis is the Retrovirus Associated DNA Sequences/Extracellular signal Regulated Kinases (RAS/ERK)signaling pathway, the deliberate activation of which correlates with tumor aggressiveness and oxidative stress levels. Since recent studies have indicated that treatment with oxidative inducers can significantly halt RMS tumor progression, in this review we covered different aspects, ranging from iron metabolism in carcinogenesis and tumor growth, to mechanisms of iron-mediated cell death, to highlight the potential role of ferroptosis in counteracting RMS growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMMT), University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Maura Poli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (DMMT), University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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