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Bouabdallah S, Ibrahim MH, Brinza I, Boiangiu RS, Honceriu I, Amin A, Ben-Attia M, Hritcu L. Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Tribulus terrestris Ethanolic Extract in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Zebrafish: Supported by Molecular Docking Investigation Targeting Monoamine Oxidase A. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1208. [PMID: 39338370 PMCID: PMC11434784 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants of the genus Tribulus have been used in folk medicine for wound healing, alleviating liver, stomach, and rheumatism pains, and as cognitive enhancers, sedatives, antiseptics, tonics, and stimulants. The present work aimed to evaluate whether Tribulus terrestris (Tt) administered for 15 days attenuated cognitive deficits and exhibited anxiolytic and antidepressant profiles in scopolamine-induced amnesia in zebrafish. Animals were randomly divided into six groups (eight animals per group): (1)-(3) Tt treatment groups (1, 3 and 6 mg/L), (4) control, (5) scopolamine (SCOP, 0.7 mg/kg), and (6) galantamine (Gal, 1 mg/L). Exposure to SCOP (100 µM) resulted in anxiety in zebrafish, as assessed by the novel tank diving test (NTT) and novel approach test (NAT). When zebrafish were given SCOP and simultaneously given Tt (1, 3, and 6 mg/L once daily for 10 days), the deficits were averted. Molecular interactions of chemical compounds from the Tt fractions with the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) were investigated via molecular docking experiments. Using behavioral experiments, we showed that administration of Tt induces significant anxiolytic-antidepressant-like effects in SCOP-treated zebrafish. Our result indicated that flavonoids of Tt, namely kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, apigetrin, and epigallocatechin, could act as promising phytopharmaceuticals for improving anxiety-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bouabdallah
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory, Bizerte Faculty of Sciences, Carthage University, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mona H. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azha University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ion Brinza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iasmina Honceriu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Amr Amin
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory, Bizerte Faculty of Sciences, Carthage University, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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2
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Chen B, Dai W, Li X, Mao T, Liu Y, Pie MR, Yang J, Meegaskumbura M. Wall-following - Phylogenetic context of an enhanced behaviour in stygomorphic Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) cavefishes. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11575. [PMID: 38932953 PMCID: PMC11199845 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With 75 known species, the freshwater fish genus Sinocyclocheilus is the largest cavefish radiation in the world and shows multiple adaptations for cave-dwelling (stygomorphic adaptations), which include a range of traits such as eye degeneration (normal-eyed, micro-eyed and eyeless), depigmentation of skin, and in some species, the presence of "horns". Their behavioural adaptations to subterranean environments, however, are poorly understood. Wall-following (WF) behaviour, where an organism remains in close contact with the boundary demarcating its habitat when in the dark, is a peculiar behaviour observed in a wide range of animals and is enhanced in cave dwellers. Hence, we hypothesise that wall-following is also present in Sinocyclocheilus, possibly enhanced in eyeless species compared to eye bearing (normal-/micro-eyed species). Using 13 species representative of Sinocyclocheilus radiation and eye morphs, we designed a series of assays, based on pre-existing methods for Astyanax mexicanus behavioural experiments, to examine wall-following behaviour under three conditions. Our results indicate that eyeless species exhibit significantly enhanced intensities of WF compared to normal-eyed species, with micro-eyed forms demonstrating intermediate intensities in the WF distance. Using a mtDNA based dated phylogeny (chronogram with four clades A-D), we traced the degree of WF of these forms to outline common patterns. We show that the intensity of WF behaviour is higher in the subterranean clades compared to clades dominated by normal-eyed free-living species. We also found that eyeless species are highly sensitive to vibrations, whereas normal-eyed species are the least sensitive. Since WF behaviour is presented to some degree in all Sinocyclocheilus species, and given that these fishes evolved in the late Miocene, we identify this behaviour as being ancestral with WF enhancement related to cave occupation. Results from this diversification-scale study of cavefish behaviour suggest that enhanced wall-following behaviour may be a convergent trait across all stygomorphic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Center of Evolutionary Biology, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wen‐Zhang Dai
- School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland EcologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesSchool of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ting‐Ru Mao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Ye‐Wei Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Marcio R. Pie
- Biology DepartmentEdge Hill UniversityOrmskirkLancashireUK
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resource Use, Beibu GulfNanning Normal UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Madhava Meegaskumbura
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningChina
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3
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Correia D, Bellot M, Goyenechea J, Prats E, Moro H, Gómez-Canela C, Bedrossiantz J, Tagkalidou N, Ferreira CSS, Raldúa D, Domingues I, Faria M, Oliveira M. Parental exposure to antidepressants has lasting effects on offspring? A case study with zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141851. [PMID: 38579950 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Fish have common neurotransmitter pathways with humans, exhibiting a significant degree of conservation and homology. Thus, exposure to fluoxetine makes fish potentially susceptible to biochemical and physiological changes, similarly to what is observed in humans. Over the years, several studies demonstrated the potential effects of fluoxetine on different fish species and at different levels of biological organization. However, the effects of parental exposure to unexposed offspring remain largely unknown. The consequences of 15-day parental exposure to relevant concentrations of fluoxetine (100 and 1000 ng/L) were assessed on offspring using zebrafish as a model organism. Parental exposure resulted in offspring early hatching, non-inflation of the swimming bladder, increased malformation frequency, decreased heart rate and blood flow, and reduced growth. Additionally, a significant behavioral impairment was also found (reduced startle response, basal locomotor activity, and altered non-associative learning during early stages and a negative geotaxis and scototaxis, reduced thigmotaxis, and anti-social behavior at later life stages). These behavior alterations are consistent with decreased anxiety, a significant increase in the expression of the monoaminergic genes slc6a4a (sert), slc6a3 (dat), slc18a2 (vmat2), mao, tph1a, and th2, and altered levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. Alterations in behavior, expression of monoaminergic genes, and neurotransmitter levels persisted until offspring adulthood. Given the high conservation of neuronal pathways between fish and humans, data show the possibility of potential transgenerational and multigenerational effects of pharmaceuticals' exposure. These results reinforce the need for transgenerational and multigenerational studies in fish, under realistic scenarios, to provide realistic insights into the impact of these pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Correia
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marina Bellot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Júlia Goyenechea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eva Prats
- Center for Research and Development, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.
| | - Hugo Moro
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.
| | - Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.
| | - Niki Tagkalidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Greece.
| | - Carla S S Ferreira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.
| | - Inês Domingues
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Melissa Faria
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.
| | - Miguel Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Hagen EV, Schalomon M, Zhang Y, Hamilton TJ. Repeated microdoses of LSD do not alter anxiety or boldness in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4389. [PMID: 38388550 PMCID: PMC10883969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has resurfaced in the last decade, prompting further scientific investigation into its effectiveness in many animal models. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are a popular model organism in medical sciences and are used to examine the repeated administration of pharmacological compounds. Previous zebrafish research found acute LSD altered behaviour and cortisol levels at high (250 µg/L) but not low (5-100 µg/L) levels. In this study, we used a motion tracking system to record and analyze the movement patterns of zebrafish after acute and repeated 10-day LSD exposure (1.5 µg/L, 15 µg/L, 150 µg/L) and after seven days of withdrawal. The open-field and novel object approach tests were used to examine anxiety-like behaviour, boldness, and locomotion. In the acute experiments we observed a significant decrease in high mobility with 1.5 µg/L, 15 µg/L, and 150 µg/L of LSD compared to the control and a decrease in velocity with 1.5 and 15 µg/L. In repeated experiments, there were no significant differences in the levels of anxiety, boldness, or locomotion between all LSD groups and controls immediately after 10-day treatment or after withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan V Hagen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 10700 104 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Melike Schalomon
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 10700 104 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 10700 104 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada.
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Scharf I, Hanna K, Gottlieb D. Experimental arena settings might lead to misinterpretation of movement properties. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:271-284. [PMID: 37231528 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Movement is an important animal behavior contributing to reproduction and survival. Animal movement is often examined in arenas or enclosures under laboratory conditions. We used the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) to examine here the effect of the arena size, shape, number of barriers, access to the arena's center, and illumination on six movement properties. We demonstrate great differences among arenas. For example, the beetles moved over longer distances in clear arenas than in obstructed ones. Movement along the arena's perimeter was greater in smaller arenas than in larger ones. Movement was more directional in round arenas than in rectangular ones. In general, the beetles stopped moving closer to the perimeter and closer to corners (in the square and rectangular arenas) than expected by chance. In some cases, the arena properties interacted with the beetle sex to affect several movement properties. All these suggest that arena properties might also interact with experimental manipulations to affect the outcome of studies and lead to results specific to the arena used. In other words, instead of examining animal movement, we in fact examine the animal interaction with the arena structure. Caution is therefore advised in interpreting the results of studies on movement in arenas under laboratory conditions and we recommend paying attention also to barriers or obstacles in field experiments. For instance, movement along the arena's perimeter is often interpreted as centrophobism or thigmotaxis but the results here show that such movement is arena dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inon Scharf
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kimberley Hanna
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daphna Gottlieb
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Post-Harvest and Food Science, Volcani Center, ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Mariën V, Piskin I, Zandecki C, Van houcke J, Arckens L. Age-related alterations in the behavioral response to a novel environment in the African turquoise killifish ( Nothobranchius furzeri). Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 17:1326674. [PMID: 38259633 PMCID: PMC10800983 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1326674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) has emerged as a popular model organism for neuroscience research in the last decade. One of the reasons for its popularity is its short lifespan for a vertebrate organism. However, little research has been carried out using killifish in behavioral tests, especially looking at changes in their behavior upon aging. Therefore, we used the open field and the novel tank diving test to unravel killifish locomotion, exploration-related behavior, and behavioral changes over their adult lifespan. The characterization of this behavioral baseline is important for future experiments involving pharmacology to improve the aging phenotype. In this study, two cohorts of fish were used, one cohort was tested in the open field test and one cohort was tested in the novel tank diving test. Each cohort was tested from the age of 6 weeks to the age of 24 weeks and measurements were performed every three weeks. In the open field test, we found an increase in the time spent in the center zone from 18 weeks onward, which could indicate altered exploration behavior. However, upon aging, the fish also showed an increased immobility frequency and duration. In addition, after the age of 15 weeks, their locomotion decreased. In the novel tank diving test, we did not observe this aging effect on locomotion or exploration. Killifish spent around 80% of their time in the bottom half of the tank, and we could not observe habituation effects, indicating slow habituation to novel environments. Moreover, we observed that killifish showed homebase behavior in both tests. These homebases are mostly located near the edges of the open field test and at the bottom of the novel tank diving test. Altogether, in the open field test, the largest impact of aging on locomotion and exploration was observed beyond the age of 15 weeks. In the novel tank diving test, no effect of age was found. Therefore, to test the effects of pharmacology on innate behavior, the novel tank diving test is ideally suited because there is no confounding effect of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Mariën
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilayda Piskin
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Zandecki
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Van houcke
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Saiz N, Herrera-Castillo L, de Pedro N, Delgado MJ, Arvidsson SD, Marugal-López MÁ, Isorna E. Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2481. [PMID: 37570290 PMCID: PMC10417125 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronodisruption caused by factors such as light at night and mistimed meals has been linked to numerous physiological alterations in vertebrates and may be an anxiogenic factor affecting welfare. This study aims to investigate whether chronodisruption causes measurable changes in the anxiety responses of goldfish under two conditions: randomly scheduled feeding (RF) and continuous light (LL). Anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the open field with object approach and black/white preference tests, which had been validated using diazepam. An increased thigmotaxis response and decreased object exploration under both chronodisruption protocols indicated anxiety states. Furthermore, locomotor activity was increased in LL fish. The black/white preference test discriminated anxiolysis induced by diazepam but was unable to detect anxiety caused by chronodisruption. Plasma cortisol increased in both RF and LL fish throughout the experiment, confirming that both conditions caused stress. The LL fish also showed an apparently desensitized hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal HPI axis, with a decrease in pomc and crf expression. Individual analysis found no correlation between anxiety-like behavior and stress axis activation nor between scototaxis and thigmotaxis responses. However, individual differences in sensitivity to each test were detected. Altogether, these results highlight circadian disruption as a stressor for fish and endorse a multiple variable approach for reliably assessing animal discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Esther Isorna
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.H.-C.); (N.d.P.); (M.J.D.); (S.D.A.); (M.Á.M.-L.)
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8
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Badran M, Puech C, Barrow MB, Runion AR, Gozal D. Solriamfetol enhances wakefulness and improves cognition and anxiety in a murine model of OSA. Sleep Med 2023; 107:89-99. [PMID: 37137196 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common consequence of OSA and is associated with cognitive deficits and anxiety. Modafinil (MOD) and Solriamfetol (SOL) are potent wake-promoting agents clinically used to improve wakefulness in OSA patients with EDS. METHODS Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to either IH or room air (RA) controls during the light phase for 16 weeks. Both groups were then randomly assigned to receive once-daily intraperitoneal injections of SOL (200 mg/kg), MOD (200 mg/kg) or vehicle (VEH) for 9 days while continuing IH exposures. Sleep/wake activity was assessed during the dark (active) phase. Novel object recognition (NOR), elevated-plus maze test (EPMT), and forced swim test (FST) were performed before and after drug treatment. RESULTS IH exposure increased dark phase sleep percentage and reduced wake bouts lengths and induced cognitive deficits and anxiogenic effects. Both SOL and MOD treatments decreased sleep propensity under IH conditions, but only SOL promoted improvements in NOR performance (explicit memory) and reduced anxiety-like behaviors. CONCLUSION Chronic IH, a hallmark feature of OSA, induces EDS in young adult mice that is ameliorated by both SOL and MOD. SOL, but not MOD, significantly improves IH-induced cognitive deficits and promotes anxiolytic effects. Thus, SOL could potentially benefit OSA patients beyond EDS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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9
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Zabegalov KN, Costa F, Viktorova YA, Maslov GO, Kolesnikova TO, Gerasimova EV, Grinevich VP, Budygin EA, Kalueff AV. Behavioral profile of adult zebrafish acutely exposed to a selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, GBR 12909. J Psychopharmacol 2023:2698811231166463. [PMID: 37125702 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231166463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the main regulator of dopamine concentration in the extrasynaptic space. The pharmacological inhibition of the DAT results in a wide spectrum of behavioral manifestations, which have been identified so far in a limited number of species, mostly in rodents. AIM Here, we used another well-recognized model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), to explore the behavioral effects of GBR 12909, a highly-affine selective DAT blocker. METHODS We evaluated zebrafish locomotion, novelty-related exploration, spatial cognition, and social phenotypes in the novel tank, habituation and shoaling tests, following acute 20-min water immersion in GBR 12909. RESULTS Our findings show hypolocomotion, anxiety-like state, and impaired spatial cognition in fish acutely treated with GBR 12909. This behavioral profile generally parallels that of the DAT knockout rodents and zebrafish, and it overlaps with behavioral effects of other DAT-inhibiting drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and D-amphetamine. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data support the utility of zebrafish in translational studies on DAT targeting neuropharmacology and strongly implicate DAT aberration as an important mechanisms involved in neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin N Zabegalov
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Fabiano Costa
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Yuliya A Viktorova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Gleb O Maslov
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Region, Russia
| | - Tatiana O Kolesnikova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Elena V Gerasimova
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Grinevich
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Budygin
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Department of Neurobiology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Region, Russia
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10
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Examining behavioural test sensitivity and locomotor proxies of anxiety-like behaviour in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3768. [PMID: 36882472 PMCID: PMC9992706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the sensitivity of four anxiety-like behaviour paradigms in zebrafish: the novel tank dive test, shoaling test, light/dark test, and the less common shoal with novel object test. A second goal was to measure the extent to which the main effect measures are related to locomotor behaviours to determine whether swimming velocity and freezing (immobility) are indicative of anxiety-like behaviour. Using the well-established anxiolytic, chlordiazepoxide, we found the novel tank dive to be most sensitive followed by the shoaling test. The light/dark test and shoaling plus novel object test were the least sensitive. A principal component analysis and a correlational analysis also showed the locomotor variables, velocity and immobility, did not predict the anxiety-like behaviours across all behaviour tests.
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11
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Justinussen JL, Egebjerg C, Kornum BR. How hypocretin agonists may improve the quality of wake in narcolepsy. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:61-69. [PMID: 36400667 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a complex symptom characterized by a strong urge to sleep during daytime accompanied by problems such as attention deficits, anxiety, and lower cognitive performance. The efficacy of treatments for EDS is determined by their ability to decrease sleepiness, and less attention has been given to the effects these compounds have on the quality of the wake itself. Hypocretin (HCRT; orexin) signalling is implicated in narcolepsy, and hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2) agonists are in clinical trials for treating EDS in narcolepsy. Here, we review preclinical research to determine how HCRTR2 agonists may affect attention and anxiety compared with other EDS treatment strategies. We conclude that such compounds may improve not only the quantity but also the quality of wake, and we hope that they will create opportunities for more nuanced treatment strategies in narcolepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Egebjerg
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte R Kornum
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Sachett A, Gallas-Lopes M, Benvenutti R, Marcon M, Linazzi AM, Aguiar GPS, Herrmann AP, Oliveira JV, Siebel AM, Piato A. Non-micronized and micronized curcumin do not prevent the behavioral and neurochemical effects induced by acute stress in zebrafish. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:736-744. [DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Gatto E, Dadda M, Bruzzone M, Chiarello E, De Russi G, Maschio MD, Bisazza A, Lucon‐Xiccato T. Environmental enrichment decreases anxiety‐like behavior in zebrafish larvae. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22255. [PMID: 35312057 PMCID: PMC9313885 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elia Gatto
- Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Science University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Marco Dadda
- Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Matteo Bruzzone
- Padua Neuroscience Center–PNC University of Padova Padova Italy
| | | | - Gaia De Russi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Marco Dal Maschio
- Padua Neuroscience Center–PNC University of Padova Padova Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padua Padova Italy
| | - Angelo Bisazza
- Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy
- Padua Neuroscience Center–PNC University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Tyrone Lucon‐Xiccato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
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14
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Nabinger DD, Altenhofen S, Peixoto JV, da Silva JMK, Bonan CD. Long-lasting behavioral effects of quinpirole exposure on zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 88:107034. [PMID: 34600099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The human brain matures into a complex structure, and to reach its complete development, connections must occur along exact paths. If at any stage, the processes are altered, interrupted, or inhibited, the consequences can be permanent. Dopaminergic signaling participates in the control of physiological functions and behavioral processes, and alterations in this signaling pathway are related to the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. For this reason, the use of pharmacological agents able to interact with the dopaminergic signaling may elucidate the biological bases of such disorders. We investigated the long-lasting behavioral effects on adult zebrafish after quinpirole (a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist) exposure during early life stages of development (24 h exposure at 5 days post-fertilization, dpf) to better understand the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders related to the dopaminergic system. Quinpirole exposure at the early life stages of zebrafish led to late behavioral alterations. When evaluated at 120 dpf, zebrafish presented increased anxiety-like behaviors. At the open tank test, fish remained longer at the bottom of the tank, indicating anxiety-like behavior. Furthermore, quinpirole-treated fish exhibited increased absolute turn angle, likely an indication of elevated erratic movements and a sign of increased fear or anxiety. Quinpirole-treated fish also showed altered swimming patterns, characterized by stereotypic swimming. During the open tank test, exposed zebrafish swims from corner to corner in a repetitive manner at the bottom of the tank. Moreover, quinpirole exposure led to memory impairment compared to control fish. However, quinpirole administration had no effects on social and aggressive behavior. These findings demonstrate that dopaminergic signaling altered by quinpirole administration in the early life stages of development led to late alterations in behavioral parameters of adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Dreher Nabinger
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Kuhl da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Cerebrais, Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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15
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Szaszkiewicz J, Leigh S, Hamilton TJ. Robust behavioural effects in response to acute, but not repeated, terpene administration in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci Rep 2021; 11:19214. [PMID: 34584156 PMCID: PMC8478887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenes are fragrant aromatic compounds produced by a variety of plants, most notably cannabis and hops. With increasing legalization of cannabis there is a need to better understand the behavioural effects of terpenes and ultimately their therapeutic value. Our study investigated the dose-dependent impact of three terpenes (limonene 0.25, 0.5, 0.75%; β-myrcene 0.001, 0.01, 0.1%; and 0.0001, 0.001, 0.00125% linalool) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviour when exposed both acutely and repeatedly over a 7-day period. Anxiety-like behaviour, boldness, and locomotion were assessed using the open field test and the novel object approach test. In the acute dosing experiment, limonene and β-myrcene exposed groups demonstrated a significant decrease in locomotion, a decrease in anxiety-like behaviour, and an increase in boldness, while linalool treatment groups demonstrated only minor alterations in locomotion. Moreover, repeated exposure to limonene (0.39%) or β-myrcene (0.0083%) for a seven day period did not result in any significant behavioural effects. In conclusion, our study provides support for an anxiolytic and sedative effect in zebrafish in response to acute limonene and β-myrcene exposure that is no longer present after one week of repeated exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Szaszkiewicz
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 6-366, 10700 - 104 Ave. NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Shannon Leigh
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 6-366, 10700 - 104 Ave. NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, 6-366, 10700 - 104 Ave. NW, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada. .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
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16
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Continuous light (relative to a 12:12 photoperiod) has no effect on anxiety-like behaviour, boldness, and locomotion in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) post-smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems at a salinity of either 2.5 or 10 ppt. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 263:111070. [PMID: 34509593 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is increased interest in rearing salmon in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS), where environmental conditions can be tightly controlled to optimize growth. Photoperiod and salinity are two important parameters that can be manipulated in RAS. A longer photoperiod permits more time for feeding, while intermediate salinities may reduce the energetic costs of ionoregulation, both of which may enhance growth. However, little is known about how rearing at different photoperiods and salinity affect behaviour, an understudied but important research topic for intensive fish rearing. To address this, we examined the behavioural effects of two salinities and two photoperiod regimes in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) post-smolts reared continuously for 120 days in a RAS. Fish were reared on a photoperiod of either 12 h light:12 h dark (12:12), or 24 h light (24:0) at salinities of 2.5 and 10 ppt. To investigate behavioural differences associated with these treatments, we quantified: i) movement in an open-field test, ii) exploratory behaviour/boldness using a novel object approach test, and iii) anxiety-like behaviour with a light/dark test. The 24:0 groups displayed no differences in boldness/anxiety-like behaviour and locomotion relative to the 12:12 groups at their respective salinities. Taken together, fish reared under continuous light (24:0) show negligible behavioural alterations compared to fish reared under normal light dark conditions (12:12).
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17
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Lachowicz J, Niedziałek K, Rostkowska E, Szopa A, Świąder K, Szponar J, Serefko A. Zebrafish as an Animal Model for Testing Agents with Antidepressant Potential. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080792. [PMID: 34440536 PMCID: PMC8401799 DOI: 10.3390/life11080792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental disease that, according to statistics, affects 320 million people worldwide. Additionally, a current situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant deterioration of mental health in people around the world. So far, rodents have been treated as basic animal models used in studies on this disease, but in recent years, Danio rerio has emerged as a new organism that might serve well in preclinical experiments. Zebrafish have a lot of advantages, such as a quick reproductive cycle, transparent body during the early developmental stages, high genetic and physiological homology to humans, and low costs of maintenance. Here, we discuss the potential of the zebrafish model to be used in behavioral studies focused on testing agents with antidepressant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Lachowicz
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | - Karolina Niedziałek
- Student’s Scientific Circle at Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.L.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Aleksandra Szopa
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Świąder
- Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Szponar
- Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Toxicology Clinic, Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin, Al. Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Serefko
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing, Chair and Department of Applied and Social Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (A.S.)
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18
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Hamilton TJ, Radke NH, Bajwa J, Chaput S, Tresguerres M. The dose makes the poison: Non-linear behavioural response to CO 2-induced aquatic acidification in zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146320. [PMID: 33725593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CO2-induced aquatic acidification is predicted to affect fish neuronal GABAA receptors leading to widespread behavioural alterations. However, the large variability in the magnitude and direction of behavioural responses suggests substantial species-specific CO2 threshold differences, life history and parental acclimation effects, experimental artifacts, or a combination of these factors. As an established model organism, zebrafish (Danio rerio) can be reared under stable conditions for multiple generations, which may help control for some of the variability observed in wild-caught fishes. Here, we used two standardized tests to investigate the effect of 1-week acclimatization to four pCO2 levels on zebrafish anxiety-like behaviour, exploratory behaviour, and locomotion. Fish acclimatized to 900 μatm CO2 demonstrated increased anxiety-like behaviour compared to control fish (~480 μatm), however, the behaviour of fish exposed to 2200 μatm CO2 was indistinguishable from that of controls. In addition, fish acclimatized to 4200 μatm CO2 had decreased anxiety-like behaviour; i.e. the opposite response than the 900 μatm CO2 treatment. On the other hand, exploratory behaviour did not differ among any of the pCO2 exposures that were tested. Thus, zebrafish behavioural responses to elevated pCO2 are not linear; with potential important implications for physiological, environmental, and aquatic acidification studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | | | - Jasmin Bajwa
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shayna Chaput
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, USA.
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19
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Ariyasiri K, Choi TI, Gerlai R, Kim CH. Acute ethanol induces behavioral changes and alters c-fos expression in specific brain regions, including the mammillary body, in zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 109:110264. [PMID: 33545226 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is one of the most commonly abused substances in the world, and ethanol abuse and dependence disorders represent major societal problems. However, appropriate treatment is lacking as we still do not fully understand the molecular bases of these disorders. The zebrafish is one of the model organisms utilized for studying such mechanisms. In this study, we examined the effects of acute ethanol administration on the behavior of zebrafish, and we also analyzed correlated gene expression changes using whole-mount in situ hybridization focusing on a number of genes associated with different neurotransmitter systems, stress response, and neuronal activity. We found ethanol treatment to result in hyperactivity and reduced shoal cohesion compared to control. Analysis of c-fos expression demonstrated altered activity patterns in certain brain regions, including intense activation of the mammillary body in zebrafish with acute ethanol treatment. We also found reduced level of gad1b expression in the cerebellum of ethanol treated fish compared to control. However, we could not detect significant changes in the expression level of other genes, including vglut2b, th, crh, hdc, avp, pomc, and galn in ethanol treated fish compared controls. Our results suggest that zebrafish is a promising animal model for the study of mechanisms underlying alcohol induced behavioral changes and alcohol related human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Ariyasiri
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ik Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
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20
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Hamilton TJ, Krook J, Szaszkiewicz J, Burggren W. Shoaling, boldness, anxiety-like behavior and locomotion in zebrafish (Danio rerio) are altered by acute benzo[a]pyrene exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145702. [PMID: 33609832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to crude oil and/or its derivatives in fishes can negatively impact survival, morphology and physiology, but relatively little focus has been on behavior. Exposures can influence prey-predator interactions, courtship and other vital behaviors, leading to individual or population disruption at toxicant levels well below those producing morphological or physiological changes. The few behavioral studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on fish behavior have yielded highly inconsistent results, likely relating to chronic vs. acute treatment. A few studies report lethargy and decreased exploratory behavior, while others indicate increased anxiety and greater exploratory behavior with PAH exposure. In our study on zebrafish (Danio rerio), we hypothesized that even relatively brief (30 min) exposure to the PAH benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) would impact group shoaling and individual behaviors in open field and novel object exploration tests. Exposures comprised measured concentrations of 1.0 μM, 10 μM, or 100 μM, B[a]P. Compared to controls, inter-individual distance (IID) was significantly increased by 100 μM B[a]P, but not by 1.0 μM or 10 μM B[a]P. Total distance moved by shoals was decreased significantly at B[a]P concentrations of 1.0 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM. In the open field test of individual locomotion and anxiety-like behavior, time spent in the thigmotaxis zone along the walls of the circular test arena (a proxy for anxiety-like behavior), was decreased at 100 μM. In the novel object approach test to investigate boldness, time spent near the object was significantly increased by both 10 μM and 100 μM B[a]P. Collectively, these data indicate a complex suite of changes in zebrafish including altered shoal dynamics, decreased anxiety, increased boldness, and decreased locomotion associated with exposure to B[a]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Jeffrey Krook
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | | | - Warren Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA
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21
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Hamilton TJ, Szaszkiewicz J, Krook J, Burggren W. Analysis of the potential behavioral impact of methanol when used as a solvent: Dataset from zebrafish ( Danio rerio) behavioral research. Data Brief 2021; 36:107018. [PMID: 33889698 PMCID: PMC8050856 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicants are commonly administered to experimental organisms using solvents as vehicles. One common vehicle for dissolving toxicants is methanol (CH3OH), a solvent which on its own is capable of altering physiology and behavior high concentrations. This dataset describes behavioral results in zebrafish (Danio rerio) individually exposed to methanol (0.25%, 2.5% vol/vol), or control water, for 30 min prior to behavioral testing. Zebrafish were placed into an open field arena to examine locomotion and zone preference, which was recorded and quantified with motion-tracking software (EthoVision XT). Time spent in the outer (“thigmotaxis”) zone of the arena is a proxy for increased anxiety-like behavior in zebrafish. Additionally, a novel object was placed into the center of the arena to quantify relative increases in boldness/exploration between the methanol and control groups. There were no differences in time spent in any zone of the arena or distance travelled between either group, in either test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J. Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Jeffrey Krook
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Warren Burggren
- Developmental Integrative Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton TX76205, United States
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22
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Dean R, Hurst Radke N, Velupillai N, Franczak BC, Hamilton TJ. Vision of conspecifics decreases the effectiveness of ethanol on zebrafish behaviour. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10566. [PMID: 33520441 PMCID: PMC7812928 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic organisms in pharmacology and toxicology research are often exposed to compounds in isolation prior to physiological or behavioural testing. Recent evidence suggests that the presence of conspecifics during a stressful event can modulate behavioural outcomes (called 'social buffering') when testing occurs within the same context. It is unknown, however, whether the social environment during exposure interacts with the efficacy of anxiety-altering substances when subsequently tested in the absence of conspecifics. In this study, zebrafish were individually exposed to habitat water or ethanol (1.0% vol/vol) while untreated conspecifics were visually present or absent during dosing. Using the novel object approach test, a validated test of boldness and anxiety-like behaviour, we observed significantly greater effects of ethanol in isolated fish, compared to fish with a view of conspecifics during dosing. These results were not explained by altered locomotion during exposure, which might otherwise increase drug uptake. This highlights the need to consider the social environment during exposure when conducting and interpreting behavioural research involving drug or toxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dean
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Nirudika Velupillai
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian C Franczak
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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23
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Faria M, Bedrossiantz J, Ramírez JRR, Mayol M, García GH, Bellot M, Prats E, Garcia-Reyero N, Gómez-Canela C, Gómez-Oliván LM, Raldúa D. Glyphosate targets fish monoaminergic systems leading to oxidative stress and anxiety. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106253. [PMID: 33220538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient of some of the most highly produced and used herbicides worldwide. The intensive applications of glyphosate-based herbicides and its half-life in water lead to its presence in many aquatic ecosystems. Whereas recent studies have reported neurotoxic effects of glyphosate including autism-related effects, most of them used extremely high (mg/L to g/L) concentrations, so it is still unclear if chronic, low environmentally relevant concentrations of this compound (ng/L to μg/L) can induce neurotoxicity. In this study we analyzed the neurotoxicity of glyphosate in adult zebrafish after waterborne exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3 and 3 μg/L) for two weeks. Our data showed that exposed fish presented a significant impairment of exploratory and social behaviors consistent with increased anxiety. The anterior brain of the exposed fish presented a significant increase in dopamine and serotonin levels, as well as in the DOPAC/dopamine and homovanillic acid/dopamine turnover ratios. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in the dopaminergic system, as th1, th2, comtb, and scl6a3 was downregulated. Finally, the brain of exposed fish presented a significant increase in the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, with a concomitant decrease of glutathione stores. These changes in the antioxidant defense system are consistent with the observed increase in oxidative stress, reflected by the increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation in the brain. The presented results show that current glyphosate concentrations commonly found in many aquatic ecosystems may have detrimental consequences on fish survival by decreasing exploration of the environment or altering social interactions. Furthermore, as zebrafish is also a vertebrate model widely used in human neurobehavioral studies, these results are relevant not only for environmental risk assessment, but also for understanding the risk of chronic low-dose exposures on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliette Bedrossiantz
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan Ricardo Rosas Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marta Mayol
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Heredia García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marina Bellot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Prats
- Research and Development Center (CID-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Induction of Short-Term Sensitization by an Aversive Chemical Stimulus in Zebrafish Larvae. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0336-19.2020. [PMID: 33004417 PMCID: PMC7729299 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0336-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Larval zebrafish possess a number of molecular and genetic advantages for rigorous biological analyses of learning and memory. These advantages have motivated the search for novel forms of memory in these animals that can be exploited for understanding the cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate memory formation and consolidation. Here, we report a new form of behavioral sensitization in zebrafish larvae that is elicited by an aversive chemical stimulus [allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)] and that persists for ≥30 min. This form of sensitization is expressed as enhanced locomotion and thigmotaxis, as well as elevated heart rate. To characterize the neural basis of this nonassociative memory, we used transgenic zebrafish expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013); because of the transparency of larval zebrafish, we could optically monitor neural activity in the brain of intact transgenic zebrafish before and after the induction of sensitization. We found a distinct brain area, previously linked to locomotion, that exhibited persistently enhanced neural activity following washout of AITC; this enhanced neural activity correlated with the behavioral sensitization. These results establish a novel form of memory in larval zebrafish and begin to unravel the neural basis of this memory.
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Abbasi Y, Mousavizadeh K, Shabani R, Katebi M, Mehdizadeh M. Behavioral Changes in Combination Therapy of Ethanol and Modafinil on Rats Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:269-278. [PMID: 32963720 PMCID: PMC7502185 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.3.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ethanol is considered as an effective agent in reducing brain stroke injury. In this study, we assessed the effects of modafinil along with ethanol as a combination therapy on behavioral function in Wistar rats. Methods: The right Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) was performed and the rats were divided into nine groups (n=8 per group). The animal groups in this study were as follows: 1. MCAO control group (ischemia without treatment); 2. Vehicle group; 3. Modafinil group that was randomly subdivided into three groups receiving different doses of modafinil (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before MCAO; 4. Ethanol group receiving 1.5 g/kg ethanol at the time of reperfusion; 5. Modafinil + ethanol group that was further subdivided into three groups receiving modafinil at different doses (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before MCAO and ethanol at the time of reperfusion. The motor behavior was measured using the Garcia test 24, 48, and 72 h after the ischemia, and the elevated body swing test was performed 48 and 72 h after the ischemia. The anxiety and locomotor activity were analyzed by open field test 48 and 72 h post-ischemia. Results: The results showed that the neurological deficit score, locomotor activity, and unexpected thigmotaxis (anxiety) in the ethanol, modafinil (in a dose-dependent manner), and ethanol+modafinil treatment groups were significantly higher than the MCAO control group. Conclusion: It seems that the combination therapy of modafinil (100 mg/kg) and ethanol (1.5 g/kg) significantly enhanced neuroprotection via an improvement in locomotor activity and neurological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef Abbasi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Katebi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Opposing effects of acute and repeated nicotine exposure on boldness in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8570. [PMID: 32444782 PMCID: PMC7244486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is an addictive compound that activates neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and causes behavioural effects that vary with dose, schedule of administration, and animal model. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), acute doses of nicotine have been consistently found to have anxiolytic properties, whereas, chronic exposure elicits anxiogenic effects. To date, however, studies on repeated nicotine administration and the effects of nicotine withdrawal have not been well explored using this model. In this study, we administered nicotine with three different dosing regimens: 1. Single exposures of a "high" dose (25, 50, 100, or 400 mg/L) for 3 minutes. 2. Single exposures to a "low" dose (2.5, 5, or 20 mg/L) for one hour. 3. Repeated one-hour exposure to a "low" dose (2.5, 5, or 20 mg/L) for 21 days. The novel object approach test was used to examine boldness based on the tendency of the fish to explore a novel object. Acutely, nicotine significantly increased the time spent approaching the object with both three-minute and onehour durations of exposure, indicating increased boldness. Conversely, after repeated nicotine exposure for 21 days, fish spent less time approaching the object suggesting a decrease in boldness. Distance moved was unaffected one hour after repeated nicotine exposure, yet decreased after a two-day withdrawal period. Our work suggests that nicotine can have opposing effects on boldness that vary based on dosage and schedule of exposure.
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Abreu MS, Maximino C, Banha F, Anastácio PM, Demin KA, Kalueff AV, Soares MC. Emotional behavior in aquatic organisms? Lessons from crayfish and zebrafish. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:764-779. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S. Abreu
- Bioscience Institute University of Passo Fundo (UPF) Passo Fundo Brazil
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell LA USA
| | - Caio Maximino
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell LA USA
- Institute of Health and Biological Studies Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará, Unidade III Marabá Brazil
| | - Filipe Banha
- Department of Landscape, Environment and Planning MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre University of Évora Évora Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Anastácio
- Department of Landscape, Environment and Planning MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre University of Évora Évora Portugal
| | - Konstantin A. Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine Almazov National Medical Research Center Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation St. Petersburg Russia
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Allan V. Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy Southwest University Chongqing China
- Ural Federal University Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Marta C. Soares
- CIBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources University of Porto Porto Portugal
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28
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de Campos RP, Chagas TQ, da Silva Alvarez TG, Mesak C, de Andrade Vieira JE, Paixão CFC, de Lima Rodrigues AS, de Menezes IPP, Malafaia G. Analysis of ZnO nanoparticle-induced changes in Oreochromis niloticus behavior as toxicity endpoint. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 682:561-571. [PMID: 31128370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has been investigated in different animal models. However, concentrations tested in most studies are often much higher than the ones potentially identified in the environment. Therefore, such toxicity limits the application of these studies to evaluate ecotoxicological risks posed by these nanopollutants. Thus, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the impacts of ZnO NPs (at environmentally relevant concentrations - 760 μg/L and 76,000 μg/L, for 72 h) on the behavioral responses of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) exposed to it. Results did not evidence harmful effects of NPs on animals' locomotor abilities (evaluated through open-field and light-dark transition tests), or anxiety-predictive behavior. On the other hand, Zn bioaccumulation in the body tissues of the analyzed tilapias was correlated to changes in eating behavior (motivated by ration pellets), as well as to deficits in antipredatory defensive behavior (under individual and collective conditions). Tilapia exposed to ZnO NPs recorded lower avoidance, flight and territorialist behavior rates when they were individually confronted with potential predators (Salminus brasiliensis). However, collectively exposed animals were unable to recognize their predators, as well as to differentiate them from artificial baits ("false predators"). The present study is the first to report biological impacts resulting from the short exposure of fish-group representatives to ZnO NPs. Thus, we believe that it may be relevant to improve the knowledge about ecotoxicological risks posed by these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Pires de Campos
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Thales Quintão Chagas
- Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Mesak
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Caroliny Fátima Chaves Paixão
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto de Menezes
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-graduation Program in Cerrado Natural Resource Conservation and Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institution - Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil.
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Krook JT, Duperreault E, Newton D, Ross MS, Hamilton TJ. Repeated ethanol exposure increases anxiety-like behaviour in zebrafish during withdrawal. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6551. [PMID: 30842911 PMCID: PMC6397752 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are quickly becoming an important model organism in behavioural neuroscience and drug addiction research. Conditioned place preference studies show that drugs of abuse produce responses in zebrafish that are similar to mammalian animal models. Repeated administration of ethanol in zebrafish results in withdrawal-induced behavioural responses that vary with dose and exposure duration, requiring additional investigation. Here, we examine the effects of ethanol withdrawal on anxiety-like behaviours in adult zebrafish after a 21-day ethanol dosing schedule at either 0.4% or 0.8%. Anxiety-like behaviour was measured with the novel object approach test; this test involves placing a fish in a circular arena with a novel object in the centre and observing the amount of exploration of the object. We found increased anxiety-like behaviour during ethanol withdrawal. This study adds to the growing body of literature that validates the zebrafish as a model organism in the field of behavioural neuroscience and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Krook
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Dustin Newton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew S Ross
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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30
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Automated behavioural analysis reveals the basic behavioural repertoire of the urochordate Ciona intestinalis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2416. [PMID: 30787329 PMCID: PMC6382837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of animal behaviour in model organisms is becoming an increasingly essential approach for tackling the great challenge of understanding how activity in the brain gives rise to behaviour. Here we used automated image-based tracking to extract behavioural features from an organism of great importance in understanding the evolution of chordates, the free-swimming larval form of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, which has a compact and fully mapped nervous system composed of only 231 neurons. We analysed hundreds of videos of larvae and we extracted basic geometric and physical descriptors of larval behaviour. Importantly, we used machine learning methods to create an objective ontology of behaviours for C. intestinalis larvae. We identified eleven behavioural modes using agglomerative clustering. Using our pipeline for quantitative behavioural analysis, we demonstrate that C. intestinalis larvae exhibit sensory arousal and thigmotaxis. Notably, the anxiotropic drug modafinil modulates thigmotactic behaviour. Furthermore, we tested the robustness of the larval behavioural repertoire by comparing different rearing conditions, ages and group sizes. This study shows that C. intestinalis larval behaviour can be broken down to a set of stereotyped behaviours that are used to different extents in a context-dependent manner.
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31
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Leighton PLA, Nadolski NJ, Morrill A, Hamilton TJ, Allison WT. An ancient conserved role for prion protein in learning and memory. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.025734. [PMID: 29358166 PMCID: PMC5829491 DOI: 10.1242/bio.025734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The misfolding of cellular prion protein (PrPC) to form PrP Scrapie (PrPSc) is an exemplar of toxic gain-of-function mechanisms inducing propagated protein misfolding and progressive devastating neurodegeneration. Despite this, PrPC function in the brain is also reduced and subverted during prion disease progression; thus understanding the normal function of PrPC in healthy brains is key. Disrupting PrPC in mice has led to a myriad of controversial functions that sometimes map onto disease symptoms, including a proposed role in memory or learning. Intriguingly, PrPC interaction with amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers at synapses has also linked its function to Alzheimer's disease and dementia in recent years. We set out to test the involvement of PrPC in memory using a disparate animal model, the zebrafish. Here we document an age-dependent memory decline in prp2−/− zebrafish, pointing to a conserved and ancient role of PrPC in memory. Specifically, we found that aged (3-year-old) prp2−/− fish performed poorly in an object recognition task relative to age-matched prp2+/+ fish or 1-year-old prp2−/− fish. Further, using a novel object approach (NOA) test, we found that aged (3-year-old) prp2−/− fish approached the novel object more than either age-matched prp2+/+ fish or 1-year-old prp2−/− fish, but did not have decreased anxiety when we tested them in a novel tank diving test. Taken together, the results of the NOA and novel tank diving tests suggest an altered cognitive appraisal of the novel object in the 3-year-old prp2−/− fish. The learning paradigm established here enables a path forward to study PrPC interactions of relevance to Alzheimer's disease and prion diseases, and to screen for candidate therapeutics for these diseases. The findings underpin a need to consider the relative contributions of loss- versus gain-of-function of PrPC during Alzheimer's and prion diseases, and have implications upon the prospects of several promising therapeutic strategies. Summary: Prion protein dysfunction at the synapse impacts learning in Alzheimer disease. Here, we demonstrate similar roles for prion protein in zebrafish, revealing ancient constructive roles for this infamously toxic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L A Leighton
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M8, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Nathan J Nadolski
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Adam Morrill
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1
| | - W Ted Allison
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M8, Canada .,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
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32
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Shams S, Amlani S, Buske C, Chatterjee D, Gerlai R. Developmental social isolation affects adult behavior, social interaction, and dopamine metabolite levels in zebrafish. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 60:43-56. [PMID: 29091281 PMCID: PMC5747993 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish is a social vertebrate and an excellent translational model for a variety of human disorders. Abnormal social behavior is a hallmark of several human brain disorders. Social behavioral problems can arise as a result of adverse early social environment. Little is known about the effects of early social isolation in adult zebrafish. We compared zebrafish that were isolated for either short (7 days) or long duration (180 days) to socially housed zebrafish, testing their behavior across ontogenesis (ages 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 days), and shoal cohesion and whole-brain monoamines and their metabolites in adulthood. Long social isolation increased locomotion and decreased shoal cohesion and anxiety in the open-field in adult. Additionally, both short and long social isolation reduced dopamine metabolite levels in response to social stimuli. Thus, early social isolation has lasting effects in zebrafish, and may be employed to generate zebrafish models of human neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soaleha Shams
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto
| | - Shahid Amlani
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga
| | | | - Diptendu Chatterjee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga
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Abstract
The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) aims to uncover the processes and consequences of nervous, immune, and endocrine system relationships. Behavior is a consequence of such interactions and manifests from a complex interweave of factors including immune-to-neural and neural-to-immune communication. Often the signaling molecules involved during a particular episode of neuroimmune activation are not known but behavioral response provides evidence that bioactives such as neurotransmitters and cytokines are perturbed. Immunobehavioral phenotyping is a first-line approach when examining the neuroimmune system and its reaction to immune stimulation or suppression. Behavioral response is significantly more sensitive than direct measurement of a single specific bioactive and can quickly and efficiently rule in or out relevance of a particular immune challenge or therapeutic to neuroimmunity. Classically, immunobehavioral research was focused on sickness symptoms related to bacterial infection but neuroimmune activation is now a recognized complication of diseases and disorders ranging from cancer to diabesity to Alzheimer's. Immunobehaviors include lethargy, loss of appetite, and disinterest in social activity/surrounding environment. In addition, neuroimmune activation can diminish physical activity, precipitate feelings of depression and anxiety, and impair cognitive and executive function. Provided is a detailed overview of behavioral tests frequently used to examine neuroimmune activation in mice with a special emphasis on pre-experimental conditions that can confound or prevent successful immunobehavioral experimentation.
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34
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Mwaffo V, Zhang P, Romero Cruz S, Porfiri M. Zebrafish swimming in the flow: a particle image velocimetry study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e4041. [PMID: 29158978 PMCID: PMC5691796 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish is emerging as a species of choice for the study of a number of biomechanics problems, including balance development, schooling, and neuromuscular transmission. The precise quantification of the flow physics around swimming zebrafish is critical toward a mechanistic understanding of the complex swimming style of this fresh-water species. Although previous studies have elucidated the vortical structures in the wake of zebrafish swimming in placid water, the flow physics of zebrafish swimming against a water current remains unexplored. In an effort to illuminate zebrafish swimming in a dynamic environment reminiscent of its natural habitat, we experimentally investigated the locomotion and hydrodynamics of a single zebrafish swimming in a miniature water tunnel using particle image velocimetry. Our results on zebrafish locomotion detail the role of flow speed on tail beat undulations, heading direction, and swimming speed. Our findings on zebrafish hydrodynamics offer a precise quantification of vortex shedding during zebrafish swimming and demonstrate that locomotory patterns play a central role on the flow physics. This knowledge may help clarify the evolutionary advantage of burst and cruise swimming movements in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violet Mwaffo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Sebastián Romero Cruz
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
| | - Maurizio Porfiri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
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Hamilton TJ, Morrill A, Lucas K, Gallup J, Harris M, Healey M, Pitman T, Schalomon M, Digweed S, Tresguerres M. Establishing zebrafish as a model to study the anxiolytic effects of scopolamine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15081. [PMID: 29118373 PMCID: PMC5678162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Scopolamine (hyoscine) is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that has traditionally been used to treat motion sickness in humans. However, studies investigating depressed and bipolar populations have found that scopolamine is also effective at reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. The potential anxiety-reducing (anxiolytic) effects of scopolamine could have great clinical implications for humans; however, rats and mice administered scopolamine showed increased anxiety in standard behavioural tests. This is in direct contrast to findings in humans, and complicates studies to elucidate the specific mechanisms of scopolamine action. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of zebrafish as a model system to test anxiety-like compounds using scopolamine. Similar to humans, scopolamine acted as an anxiolytic in individual behavioural tests (novel approach test and novel tank diving test). The anxiolytic effect of scopolamine was dose dependent and biphasic, reaching maximum effect at 800 µM. Scopolamine (800 µM) also had an anxiolytic effect in a group behavioural test, as it significantly decreased their tendency to shoal. These results establish zebrafish as a model organism for studying the anxiolytic effects of scopolamine, its mechanisms of action and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada. .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Adam Morrill
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Kayla Lucas
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Joshua Gallup
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Megan Harris
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Meghan Healey
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Taylor Pitman
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Melike Schalomon
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Shannon Digweed
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Kwan GT, Hamilton TJ, Tresguerres M. CO 2-induced ocean acidification does not affect individual or group behaviour in a temperate damselfish. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170283. [PMID: 28791154 PMCID: PMC5541549 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Open ocean surface CO2 levels are projected to reach approximately 800 µatm, and ocean pH to decrease by approximately 0.3 units by the year 2100 due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the subsequent process of ocean acidification (OA). When exposed to these CO2/pH values, several fish species display abnormal behaviour in laboratory tests, an effect proposed to be linked to altered neuronal GABAA- receptor function. Juvenile blacksmith (Chromis punctipinnis) are social fish that regularly experience CO2/pH fluctuations through kelp forest diurnal primary production and upwelling events, so we hypothesized that they might be resilient to OA. Blacksmiths were exposed to control conditions (pH ∼ 7.92; pCO2 ∼ 540 µatm), constant acidification (pH ∼ 7.71; pCO2 ∼ 921 µatm) and oscillating acidification (pH ∼ 7.91, pCO2 ∼ 560 µatm (day), pH ∼ 7.70, pCO2 ∼ 955 µatm (night)), and caught and tested in two seasons of the year when the ocean temperature was different: winter (16.5 ± 0.1°C) and summer (23.1 ± 0.1°C). Neither constant nor oscillating CO2-induced acidification affected blacksmith individual light/dark preference, inter-individual distance in a shoal or the shoal's response to a novel object, suggesting that blacksmiths are tolerant to projected future OA conditions. However, blacksmiths tested during the winter demonstrated significantly higher dark preference in the individual light/dark preference test, thus confirming season and/or water temperature as relevant factors to consider in behavioural tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garfield Tsz Kwan
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Trevor James Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT5 J 4S2
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2H7
- Authors for correspondence: Trevor James Hamilton e-mail:
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Authors for correspondence: Martin Tresguerres e-mail:
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