1
|
Deng J, Assandri G, Chauhan P, Futahashi R, Galimberti A, Hansson B, Lancaster LT, Takahashi Y, Svensson EI, Duplouy A. Wolbachia-driven selective sweep in a range expanding insect species. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:181. [PMID: 34563127 PMCID: PMC8466699 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evolutionary processes can cause strong spatial genetic signatures, such as local loss of genetic diversity, or conflicting histories from mitochondrial versus nuclear markers. Investigating these genetic patterns is important, as they may reveal obscured processes and players. The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads within host species by conferring direct fitness benefits, and/or by manipulating its host reproduction to favour infected over uninfected females. Under sufficient selective advantage, the mitochondrial haplotype associated with the favoured maternally-inherited symbiotic strains will spread (i.e. hitchhike), resulting in low mitochondrial genetic variation across the host species range. Method The common bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans: van der Linden, 1820) has recently emerged as a model organism for genetics and genomic signatures of range expansion during climate change. Although there is accumulating data on the consequences of such expansion on the genetics of I. elegans, no study has screened for Wolbachia in the damselfly genus Ischnura. Here, we present the biogeographic variation in Wolbachia prevalence and penetrance across Europe and Japan (including samples from 17 populations), and from close relatives in the Mediterranean area (i.e. I. genei: Rambur, 1842; and I. saharensis: Aguesse, 1958). Results Our data reveal (a) multiple Wolbachia-strains, (b) potential transfer of the symbiont through hybridization, (c) higher infection rates at higher latitudes, and (d) reduced mitochondrial diversity in the north-west populations, indicative of hitchhiking associated with the selective sweep of the most common strain. We found low mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the Wolbachia-infected north-western European populations (Sweden, Scotland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Italy) of I. elegans, and, conversely, higher mitochondrial diversity in populations with low penetrance of Wolbachia (Ukraine, Greece, Montenegro and Cyprus). The timing of the selective sweep associated with infected lineages was estimated between 20,000 and 44,000 years before present, which is consistent with the end of the last glacial period about 20,000 years. Conclusions Our findings provide an example of how endosymbiont infections can shape spatial variation in their host evolutionary genetics during postglacial expansion. These results also challenge population genetic studies that do not consider the prevalence of symbionts in many insects, which we show can impact geographic patterns of mitochondrial genetic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Deng
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Giacomo Assandri
- Area per l'Avifauna Migratrice, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPA), Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Pallavi Chauhan
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advance Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Trukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Andrea Galimberti
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Bengt Hansson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lesley T Lancaster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Yuma Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Erik I Svensson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne Duplouy
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden. .,Insect Symbiosis Ecology and Evolution Lab, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, The University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gauthier J, Pajkovic M, Neuenschwander S, Kaila L, Schmid S, Orlando L, Alvarez N. Museomics identifies genetic erosion in two butterfly species across the 20th century in Finland. Mol Ecol Resour 2020; 20:1191-1205. [PMID: 32304133 PMCID: PMC7540272 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Erosion of biodiversity generated by anthropogenic activities has been studied for decades and in many areas at the species level, using taxa monitoring. In contrast, genetic erosion within species has rarely been tracked, and is often studied by inferring past population dynamics from contemporaneous estimators. An alternative to such inferences is the direct examination of past genes, by analysing museum collection specimens. While providing direct access to genetic variation over time, historical DNA is usually not optimally preserved, and it is necessary to apply genotyping methods based on hybridization-capture to unravel past genetic variation. In this study, we apply such a method (i.e., HyRAD), to large time series of two butterfly species in Finland, and present a new bioinformatic pipeline, namely PopHyRAD, that standardizes and optimizes the analysis of HyRAD data at the within-species level. In the localities for which the data retrieved have sufficient power to accurately examine genetic dynamics through time, we show that genetic erosion has increased across the last 100 years, as revealed by signatures of allele extinctions and heterozygosity decreases, despite local variations. In one of the two butterflies (Erebia embla), isolation by distance also increased through time, revealing the effect of greater habitat fragmentation over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mila Pajkovic
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Neuenschwander
- Vital-IT, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lauri Kaila
- Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarah Schmid
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Orlando
- Laboratoire AMIS CNRS UMR 5288, Faculté de Médecine de Purpan, Toulouse, France.,Globe Institut, Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadir Alvarez
- Geneva Natural History Museum, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DiLeo MF, Husby A, Saastamoinen M. Landscape permeability and individual variation in a dispersal-linked gene jointly determine genetic structure in the Glanville fritillary butterfly. Evol Lett 2018; 2:544-556. [PMID: 30564438 PMCID: PMC6292703 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is now clear evidence that species across a broad range of taxa harbor extensive heritable variation in dispersal. While studies suggest that this variation can facilitate demographic outcomes such as range expansion and invasions, few have considered the consequences of intraspecific variation in dispersal for the maintenance and distribution of genetic variation across fragmented landscapes. Here, we examine how landscape characteristics and individual variation in dispersal combine to predict genetic structure using genomic and spatial data from the Glanville fritillary butterfly. We used linear and latent factor mixed models to identify the landscape features that best predict spatial sorting of alleles in the dispersal-related gene phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi). We next used structural equation modeling to test if variation in Pgi mediated gene flow as measured by Fst at putatively neutral loci. In a year when the population was recovering following a large decline, individuals with a genotype associated with greater dispersal ability were found at significantly higher frequencies in populations isolated by water and forest, and these populations showed lower levels of genetic differentiation at neutral loci. These relationships disappeared in the next year when metapopulation density was high, suggesting that the effects of individual variation are context dependent. Together our results highlight that (1) more complex aspects of landscape structure beyond just the configuration of habitat can be important for maintaining spatial variation in dispersal traits and (2) that individual variation in dispersal plays a key role in maintaining genetic variation across fragmented landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle F. DiLeo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 6500014Finland
| | - Arild Husby
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 6500014Finland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, EBCUppsala UniversityNorbyvägen 18D75236UppsalaSweden
| | - Marjo Saastamoinen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiPO Box 6500014Finland
| |
Collapse
|