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Gong J. Oxylipins biosynthesis and the regulation of bovine postpartum inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 171:106814. [PMID: 38280540 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Uncontrolled or dysregulated inflammation has adverse effects on the reproduction, production and health of animals, and is a major pathological cause of increased incidence and severity of infectious and metabolic diseases. To achieve successful transition from a non-lactation pregnant state to a non-pregnant lactation state, drastic metabolic and endocrine alteration have taken place in dairy cows during the periparturient period. These physiological changes, coupled with decreased dry matter intake near calving and sudden change of diet composition after calving, have the potential to disrupt the delicate balance between pro- and anti-inflammation, resulting in a disordered or excessive inflammatory response. In addition to cytokines and other immunoregulatory factors, most oxylipins formed from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxygenation pathways have pro- or anti-inflammatory properties and play a pivotal role in the onset, development and resolution of inflammation. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility that oxylipins could function as endogenous immunomodulating agents. This review will provide a detailed overview of the main oxylipins derived from different PUFAs and discuss the regulatory role that oxylipins play in the postpartum inflammatory response in dairy cows. Based on the current research, much remains to be illuminated in this emerging field. Understanding the role that oxylipins play in the control of postpartum inflammation and inflammatory-based disease may improve our ability to prevent transition disorders via Management, pharmacological, genetic selection and dietary intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot 010022, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Ren J, Yan G, Yang L, Wu X, Kong L, Sun H, Han Y, Zhang X, Wang X. Chinmedomics strategy for elucidating the effects and effective constituents of Danggui Buxue Decoction in treating blood deficiency syndrome. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1376345. [PMID: 38560521 PMCID: PMC10978583 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1376345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) is a clinically proven, effective, classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for treating blood deficiency syndrome (BDS). However, its effects and effective constituents in the treatment of BDS remain unclear, limiting precise clinical therapy and quality control. This study aimed to accurately evaluate the effects of DBD and identify its effective constituents and quality markers. Methods BDS was induced in rats by a combined injection of acetylphenylhydrazine and cyclophosphamide, and the efficacy of DBD against BDS was evaluated based on body weight, body temperature, energy metabolism, general status, visceral indices, histopathology, biochemical markers, and metabolomics. The effects of DBD on urinary and serum biomarkers of BDS were investigated, and the associated metabolic pathways were analyzed via metabolomics. Guided by Chinmedomics, the effective constituents and quality markers of DBD were identified by analyzing the dynamic links between metabolic biomarkers and effective constituents in vivo. Results DBD improved energy metabolism, restored peripheral blood and serum biochemical indices, and meliorated tissue damage in rats with BDS. Correlation analyses between biochemical indices and biomarkers showed that 15(S)-HPETE, LTB4, and taurine were core biomakers and that arachidonic acid, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism were core metabolic pathways regulated by DBD. Calycosin-7-glucoside, coumarin, ferulic acid sulfate, cycloastragenol, (Z)-ligustilide + O, astragaloside IV, acetylastragaloside I, and linoleic acid were identified as effective constituents improving the hematopoietic function of the rats in the BDS model. Additionally, calycosin-7-glucoside, ferulic acid, ligustilide, and astragaloside IV were identified as quality markers of DBD. Conclusion The hematopoietic function of DBD was confirmed through analysis of energy metabolism, biochemical markers, histopathology, and metabolomics. Moreover, by elucidating effective constituents of DBD in BDS treatment, quality markers were confirmed using a Chinmedomics strategy. These results strengthen the quality management of DBD and will facilitate drug innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Junling Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Sunitha P, Arya KR, Nair AS, Oommen OV, Sudhakaran PR. Metabolite Effect on Angiogenesis: Insights from Transcriptome Analysis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:519-536. [PMID: 35701692 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic status of the cells is important in the expression of the angiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells. Our earlier studies demonstrated the effects of metabolites such as lactate, citrate and lipoxygenase products, on VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling pathway. Though this link between metabolite status and molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis is becoming evident, it is not clear how it affects genome-level expression in endothelial cells, critical to angiogenesis. In the present study, computational analysis was carried out on the transcriptome data of 4 different datasets where HUVECs were exposed to low and high glucose, both in vitro and in vivo, and the expression of a key enzyme involved in glucose metabolism is altered. The differentially expressed genes belonging to both VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling pathway, as well as several VEGF signature genes as hub genes were also identified. These findings suggest the metabolite dependence, particularly glucose dependence, of angiogenesis, involving modulation of genome-level expression of angiogenesis- functional genome. This is important in tumor angiogenesis where reprogramming of metabolism is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sunitha
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Kesavan R Arya
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Achuthsankar S Nair
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Oommen V Oommen
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Perumana R Sudhakaran
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India.
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Shao J, Pan T, Wang J, Tang T, Li Y, Jia X, Lai S. Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Perirenal Adipose Tissue in Obese Rabbits Treated with a Restricted Diet. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040321. [PMID: 33921318 PMCID: PMC8069198 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, many people have shown an excess of fat accumulation. Known as obesity, this lesion poses an increased risk for multiple diseases, such as endocrine disease, diabetes, and cancer, and has reached epidemic proportions. Accompanied by the development of obesity, concern over body image and weight loss behavior is a growing social problem and public health threat, causing concern for many health professionals. However, the consequences of rapid weight loss remain largely unclear. Here, we applied an integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis to investigate the effects of dieting on the proteins and metabolites in obese rabbits. Our study revealed that 343 differentially expressed proteins (136 upregulated and 207 downregulated) and 150 differentially expressed metabolites (91 upregulated and 59 downregulated) were identified. These molecules are mainly involved in the biological processes, including amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and membrane and cytoskeleton reconstruction. The integrated analysis found that mevalonic acid, arachidonic acid, 15(S)-HpETE, cholecalciferol, hydrocortisone, lipoxin B4, lithocholic acid, etc. were associated with multiple pathways, and they may be the key factors to fight inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Overall, this study provides further insight into the consequences of dieting-mediated weight loss and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Ting Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Yanhong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xianbo Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Songjia Lai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.S.); (J.W.); (T.T.); (Y.L.); (X.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Yu H, Fu S, Tan L, Liu J, Zhou B, Li L, Liu Y, Wang C, Li P, Liu J. Synthesis and Anti-Hepatocarcinoma Effect of Amino Acid Derivatives of Pyxinol and Ocotillol. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040780. [PMID: 33546225 PMCID: PMC7913291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at seeking an effective anti-hepatocarcinoma drug with low toxicity, a total of 24 amino acid derivatives (20 new along with 4 known derivatives) of two active ocotillol-type sapogenins (pyxinol and ocotillol) were synthesized. Both in vitro and in vivo anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of derivatives were evaluated. At first, the HepG2 human cancer cell was employed to evaluate the anti-cancer activity. Most of the derivatives showed obvious enhanced activity compared with pyxinol or ocotillol. Among them, compound 2e displayed the most excellent activity with an IC50 value of 11.26 ± 0.43 µM. Next, H22 hepatoma-bearing mice were used to further evaluate the anti-liver cancer activity of compound 2e. It was revealed that the growth of H22 transplanted tumor was significantly inhibited when treated with compound 2e or compound 2e combined with cyclophosphamide (CTX) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), and the inhibition rates of tumor growth were 35.32% and 55.30%, respectively. More importantly, compound 2e caused limited damage to liver and kidney in contrast with CTX causing significant toxicity. Finally, the latent mechanism of compound 2e was explored by serum and liver metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) technology. A total of 21 potential metabolites involved in 8 pathways were identified. These results suggest that compound 2e is a promising agent for anti-hepato-carcinoma, and that it also could be used in combination with CTX to increase efficiency and to reduce toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Shuzheng Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Luying Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Junli Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Baisong Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Le Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Yunhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (H.Y.); (S.F.); (L.T.); (J.L.); (B.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.L.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence:
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Du Y, Taylor CG, Aukema HM, Zahradka P. Role of oxylipins generated from dietary PUFAs in the modulation of endothelial cell function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 160:102160. [PMID: 32717531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins, which are circulating bioactive lipids generated from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by cyclooxygenase, lipooxygenase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, have diverse effects on endothelial cells. Although studies of the effects of oxylipins on endothelial cell function are accumulating, a review that provides a comprehensive compilation of current knowledge and recent advances in the context of vascular homeostasis is lacking. This is the first compilation of the various in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo reports to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of action of oxylipins on endothelial cells. The aggregate data indicate docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxylipins consistently show beneficial effects related to key endothelial cell functions, whereas oxylipins derived from other PUFAs exhibit both positive and negative effects. Furthermore, information is lacking for certain oxylipin classes, such as those derived from α-linolenic acid, which suggests additional studies are required to achieve a full understanding of how oxylipins affect endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Du
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Peroxiredoxin III Protects Tumor Suppressor PTEN from Oxidation by 15-Hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic Acid. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2828493. [PMID: 31636803 PMCID: PMC6766106 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2828493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a lipid and protein phosphatase that coordinates various cellular processes. Its activity is regulated by the reversible oxidation of an active-site cysteine residue by H2O2 and thioredoxin. However, the potential role of lipid peroxides in the redox regulation of PTEN remains obscure. To evaluate this, 15-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15s-HpETE), a lipid peroxide, was employed to investigate its effect on PTEN using molecular and cellular-based assays. Exposure to 15s-HpETE resulted in the oxidation of recombinant PTEN. Reversible oxidation of PTEN was also observed in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells treated with a 15s-HpETE and Lipofectamine mixture. The oxidative dimerization of thioredoxin was found simultaneously. In addition, the absence of peroxiredoxin III aggravated 15s-HpETE-induced PTEN oxidation in MEF cells. Our study provides novel insight into the mechanism linking lipid peroxidation to the etiology of tumorigenesis.
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Kumar N, Gupta G, Anilkumar K, Fatima N, Karnati R, Reddy GV, Giri PV, Reddanna P. 15-Lipoxygenase metabolites of α-linolenic acid, [13-(S)-HPOTrE and 13-(S)-HOTrE], mediate anti-inflammatory effects by inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31649. [PMID: 27535180 PMCID: PMC4989172 DOI: 10.1038/srep31649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) appears to be critical in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes and to maintain cellular homeostasis. While a high proportion of dietary intake of ω-6 PUFAs is associated with various inflammatory disorders, higher intake of ω-3 PUFAs is known to offer protection. It is now well established that beneficial effects of ω-3 PUFAs are mediated in part by their oxygenated metabolites mainly via the lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways. However, the down-stream signaling pathways that are involved in these anti-inflammatory effects of ω-3 PUFAs have not been elucidated. The present study evaluates the effects of 15-LOX metabolites of α-linolenic acid (ALA, ω-3 PUFA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Further, the effect of these metabolites on the survival of BALB/c mice in LPS mediated septic shock and also polymicrobial sepsis in Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) mouse model was studied. These studies reveal the anti-inflammatory effects of 13-(S)-hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid [13-(S)-HPOTrE] and 13-(S)-hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acid [13-(S)-HOTrE] by inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome complex through the PPAR-γ pathway. Additionally, both metabolites also deactivated autophagy and induced apoptosis. In mediating all these effects 13-(S)-HPOTrE was more potent than 13-(S)-HOTrE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Geetika Gupta
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Kotha Anilkumar
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500049, India
| | - Naireen Fatima
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Roy Karnati
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | | | - Pallu Reddanna
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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