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Xu X, Yang J, Zhang Y, Sui X, Gong Z, Liu S, Chen X, Li X, Wang Y. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in tea plantation soil around Tai Lake region in Suzhou, China. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:15. [PMID: 38363398 PMCID: PMC10873261 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the important foliar cash crops in China, and its root system absorbs heavy metal (HM) elements enriched in the soil and transports them to the over ground part. In order to ensure the safety of the soil ecological environment and tea raw materials in the tea production area, the HM contents of soil and tea plant leaves in Suzhou tea plantations were detected, the relationship between HMs and soil physicochemical properties was analyzed, and the ecological risk of HMs in tea plantation soils was evaluated by using relevant detection techniques and evaluation models. The results showed that the average pH of tea plantation soils around Tai Lake in Suzhou was within the range suitable for the growth of tea plants. The pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of tea plantation soil satisfying the requirements of high quality, high efficiency and high yield ('3H') tea plantation accounted for 47.06%, 26.47%, 8.82%, 79.41% and 67.65%, respectively. Site 2 fully met the requirements of '3H' tea plantation. In addition, the contents of cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were extremely variable, and the average contents exceeded the background value of soil in Jiangsu Province, but the HM contents of tea leaves all met the pollution-free standard, and the HM contents of tea leaves around Tai Lake in Suzhou were generally at a safe level. The composite ecological risk index ranged from 0.05 to 0.60, and 32 of the 34 sample sites (except site 21 and site 23) are the most suitable agricultural land for tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Xueyan Sui
- Jiangsu Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Nanjing, 210017, China
- Jiangsu Donghai and Yixing Land Consolidation and Ecological Protection Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Zelong Gong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Zheng WL, Wang YF, Mo J, Zeng P, Chen J, Sun C. Effects of biochar application and nutrient fluctuation on the growth, and cadmium and nutrient uptake of Trifolium repens with different planting densities in Cd-contaminated soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1269082. [PMID: 37799556 PMCID: PMC10548119 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1269082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been used to remediate contaminated-soil with heavy metals, however, less is known on how biochar interacts with planting density and nutrient fluctuation to affect the remediation. A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to investigate the effects of biochar application (without vs. with 1% biochar, g/g substrate), nutrient fluctuation (constant vs. pulsed) and planting density (1-, 3- and 6-individuals per pot) on the growth, and cadmium (Cd) and nutrient uptake of Trifolium repens population. Our results found that the growth of T. repens population increased significantly with increasing planting density, and the increment decreased with increasing planting density. Both the Cd and nutrient uptake were higher at higher planting density (e.g., 3- and 6-individuals) than at lower planting density (e.g., 1-individual). Biochar application increased the biomass and shoot Cd uptake, but decreased the ratio of root to shoot and root Cd uptake of T. repens population, the effects of which were significantly influenced by planting density. Although nutrient fluctuation had no effect on the growth of T. repens population, but its interaction with planting density had significant effects on Cd uptake in tissues. Overall, the effects of biochar application and nutrient fluctuation on the growth and Cd uptake were both influenced by planting density in the present study. Our findings highlight that biochar application and constant nutrient supply at an appropriate planting density, such as planting density of 3-individuals per pot in the present study, could promote the growth, and Cd and nutrient uptake of T. repens population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yan-Fei Wang
- Taizhou Institute of Product Quality and Safety Inspection, Taizhou, China
| | - Jingya Mo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Pu Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Chenliang Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Zhang J, Cao L, Zhu X, Li H, Duan G, Wang Y. Accumulation and transfer of polystyrene microplastics in Solanum nigrum seedlings. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15967. [PMID: 37667751 PMCID: PMC10475273 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is lately receiving increasing attention owing to its harmful impact on terrestrial ecosystems. In this microcosm study, we assessed the uptake and transfer of MPs in Solanum nigrum seedlings exposed to 50 mg L-1 of 0.2-µm polystyrene (PS) beads for 30 d. Confocal laser scanning micrographs helped detect highly intense red fluorescence signals from PS-MP beads in S. nigrum root compared with the controls. Confocal images revealed that the PS beads were primarily distributed in the epidermis and xylem of roots and vascular systems of stems and leaves. Scanning electron microscopy showed that PS beads were scattered on the cell walls of the root xylem and leaf vascular system. Few PS beads were transferred from roots to stems and leaves via the vascular system following the transpiration stream. In conclusion, our findings showed that PS beads accumulated in S. nigrum roots and were transferred from the roots to the aerial parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuKui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
| | - Lian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
| | - Gang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
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Sachdeva S, Kumar R, Sahoo PK, Nadda AK. Recent advances in biochar amendments for immobilization of heavy metals in an agricultural ecosystem: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120937. [PMID: 36608723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, extensive and inefficient use of contemporary technologies has resulted in substantial environmental pollution, predominantly caused by potentially hazardous elements (PTEs), like heavy metals that severely harm living species. To combat the presence of heavy metals (HMs) in the agrarian system, biochar becomes an attractive approach for stabilizing and limiting availability of HMs in soils due to its high surface area, porosity, pH, aromatic structure as well as several functional groups, which mostly rely on the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. Additionally, agricultural waste-derived biochar is an effective management option to ensure carbon neutrality and circular economy while also addressing social and environmental concerns. Given these diverse parameters, the present systematic evaluation seeks to (i) ascertain the effectiveness of heavy metal immobilization by agro waste-derived biochar; (ii) examine the presence of biochar on soil physico-chemical, and thermal properties, along with microbial diversity; (iii) explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for the reduction in heavy metal concentration; and (iv) possibility of biochar implications to advance circular economy approach. The collection of more than 200 papers catalogues the immobilization efficiency of biochar in agricultural soil and its impacts on soil from multi-angle perspectives. The data gathered suggests that pristine biochar effectively reduced cationic heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni) and Cr mobilization and uptake by plants, whereas modified biochar effectively reduced As in soil and plant systems. However, the exact mechanism underlying is a complex biochar-soil interaction. In addition to successfully immobilizing heavy metals in the soil, the application of biochar improved soil fertility and increased agricultural productivity. However, the lack of knowledge on unfavorable impacts on the agricultural systems, along with discrepancies between the use of biochar and experimental conditions, impeded a thorough understanding on a deeper level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Sachdeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10 Sector 62, Noida, 201309, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, 803116, Bihar, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, V.P.O. Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India; Instituto Tecnológico Vale (ITV), Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Belém, 66055-090, PA, Brazil.
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India
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Manori S, Shah V, Soni V, Dutta K, Daverey A. Phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by Bidens pilosa L.: impact of pine needle biochar amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58872-58884. [PMID: 33599932 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of pine needle biochar as a soil amendment to promote the growth of Bidens pilosa L. and enhance its ability to phytoextract the cadmium from soil. Pot experiments (50 d) were designed as control experiment (C); metal treatment (MT), 20 mg Cd kg-1; biochar treatment (BT100 or BT200), 100 or 200 mg kg-1; and metal-biochar treatment (MBT100 or MBT200), 20 mg Cd kg-1 and 100 or 200 mg biochar kg-1. The Cd (20 mg kg-1) or biochar treatment (100 mg kg-1) increased the dry weight and root length of B. pilosa. The biochar amendment enhanced the metal concentration in root and shoot of the plant. The plant could accumulate 39.47±5.44 mg Cd kg-1 in shoots (MT), which increased to 45.96±17.3 mg Cd kg-1 and 55.01±5.65 mg Cd kg-1 under biochar treatment sets MBT100 and MBT200, respectively. The Cd uptake by B. pilosa in MT, MBT100, and MBT200 treatments were 67.81 μg/plant, 78.58 μg/plant, and 76.13 μg/plant, respectively. The biochar amendments increased the proline concentrations while decreased the chlorophyll content in leaves indicating the stress on the plant. Overall, the result indicates that soil amended with pine needle biochar at 100 mg kg-1 increased the phytoremediation ability of B. pilosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Manori
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Vijendra Shah
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Vandana Soni
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Kasturi Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Achlesh Daverey
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India.
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The Road to Practical Application of Cadmium Phytoremediation Using Rice. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091926. [PMID: 34579459 PMCID: PMC8469809 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that causes severe health issues in humans. Cd accumulates in the human body when foods produced in Cd-contaminated fields are eaten. Therefore, soil remediation of contaminated fields is necessary to provide safe foods. Rice is one of the primary candidates for phytoremediation. There is a genotypic variation of Cd concentration in the shoots and grains of rice. Using the world rice core collection, ‘Jarjan’, ‘Anjana Dhan’, and ‘Cho-ko-koku’ were observed with a significantly higher level of Cd accumulation in the shoots and grains. Moreover, OsHMA3, a heavy metal transporter, was identified as a responsive gene of quantitative trait locus (QTL) for high Cd concentration in the shoots of these three varieties likewise. However, it is difficult to apply practical phytoremediation to these varieties because of their unfavorable agricultural traits, such as shatter and easily lodged. New rice varieties and lines were bred for Cd phytoremediation using OsHMA3 as a DNA marker selection. All of them accumulated Cd in the shoots equal to or higher than ‘Cho-ko-koku’ with improved cultivation traits. Therefore, they can be used for practical Cd phytoremediation.
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Yu B, Li D, Wang Y, He H, Li H, Chen G. The compound effects of biochar and iron on watercress in a Cd/Pb-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:6312-6325. [PMID: 31865563 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two types of biochar (2% (w/w)), Pennisetum sinese Roxb biochar (PB) and coffee grounds biochar (CB), combined with iron fertilizer (1.3 g kg-1 Fe) on the growth, quality, Cd/Pb accumulation in watercress, soil physicochemical properties, soil fertility, soil enzyme activities, and fraction distribution of Cd/Pb in soil. The results showed that the two types of biochar combined with iron fertilizer (BC-Fe) amendments could increase the shoot height, root length, plant biomass, soluble sugar and soluble protein of watercress, soil pH value, soil organic matter (SOM), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), available phosphorus, and available potassium. CB-Fe amendment enhanced soil urease, sucrose, and catalase activities, while PB-Fe amendment only enhanced soil urease activity among the three enzymes. The two BC-Fe amendments decreased exchangeable-Cd/Pb and reducible-Cd/Pb concentrations, while enhanced oxidizable-Cd/Pb and residual-Cd/Pb concentrations. Furthermore, the two BC-Fe amendments decreased significantly Cd and Pb accumulation in watercress root and shoot. The reduction rate for Cd and Pb in shoot by 42.9%, 20.0%, and 68.2%, 58.4% under PB-Fe and by 38.1%, 20%, and 62.5%, 48.8% under CB-Fe, respectively, for the first crop and the second crop. In conclusion, BC-Fe amendment could improve soil physicochemical properties and soil fertility, promote Cd and Pb transfer to the stable form, thus, reduce the bioavailability and mobility of Cd and Pb, and further, decrease Cd and Pb ecotoxicity and its accumulation in watercress and improve watercress quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Life Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Huashou Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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