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Ali I, Hussain J, Yanwisetpakdee B, Iqbal I, Chen X. The effects of monoculture and intercropping on photosynthesis performance correlated with growth of garlic and perennial ryegrass response to different heavy metals. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:659. [PMID: 38987675 PMCID: PMC11238380 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of phytoremediation using garlic monoculture (MC) and intercropping (IC) system with perennial ryegrass to enhance the uptake of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were investigated. RESULTS Positive correlations were found between MC and IC systems, with varying biomass. Production of perennial ryegrass was affected differently depending on the type of toxic metal present in the soil. Root growth inhibition was more affected than shoot growth inhibition. The total biomass of shoot and root in IC was higher than MC, increasing approximately 3.7 and 2.9 fold compared to MC, attributed to advantages in root IC crop systems. Photosystem II efficiency showed less sensitivity to metal toxicity compared to the control, with a decrease between 10.07-12.03%. Among gas exchange parameters, only Cr significantly affected physiological responses by reducing transpiration by 69.24%, likely due to leaf chlorosis and necrosis. CONCLUSION This study exhibited the potential of garlic MC and IC with perennial ryegrass in phytoremediation. Although the different metals affect plant growth differently, IC showed advantages over MC in term biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, 87300, Quetta, Pakistan.
| | - Javaid Hussain
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Benjawan Yanwisetpakdee
- Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand.
| | - Irfana Iqbal
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China.
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2
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Hu B, Zheng Y, Wang D, Guo Y, Dong Y. Managing faba bean wilt disease through intercropping with wheat and reasonable nitrogen application: enhancing nutrient absorption and biochemical resistance in faba beans. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:1029-1046. [PMID: 38974356 PMCID: PMC11222364 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Faba bean wilt disease is a key factor limiting its production. Intercropping of faba bean with wheat has been adopted as a prevalent strategy to mitigate this disease. Nitrogen fertilizer improves faba bean yield, yet wilt disease imposes limitations. However, faba bean-wheat intercropping is effective in controlling wilt disease. To investigate the effect of intercropping under varying nitrogen levels on the incidence of faba bean wilt disease, nutrient uptake, and biochemical resistance in faba bean. Field and pot experiments were conducted in two cropping systems: faba bean monocropping (M) and faba bean-wheat intercropping (I). At four nitrogen levels, we assessed the incidence rate of wilt disease, quantified nutrient uptake, and evaluated biochemical resistance indices of plants. The application of N decreased the incidence rate of wilt disease, with the lowest reduction observed in intercropping at the N2 level. N application at levels N1, N2, and N3 enhanced the content of N, P, K, Fe, and Mn as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities and defense gene expression in monocultured plants. Additionally, these levels increased the contents of total phenols, flavonoids, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, and all reached their maximum in intercropping at the N2 level. The application of intercropping and N effectively controlled the occurrence of faba bean wilt disease by promoting nutrient absorption, alleviating peroxidation stress, and enhancing resistance in plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01466-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijie Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiran Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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3
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Han M, Yang H, Huang H, Du J, Zhang S, Fu Y. Allelopathy and allelobiosis: efficient and economical alternatives in agroecosystems. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:11-27. [PMID: 37751515 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical interactions in plants often involve plant allelopathy and allelobiosis. Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon leading to interference among organisms, while allelobiosis is the transmission of information among organisms. Crop failures and low yields caused by inappropriate management can be related to both allelopathy and allelobiosis. Therefore, research on these two phenomena and the role of chemical substances in both processes will help us to understand and upgrade agroecosystems. In this review, substances involved in allelopathy and allelobiosis in plants are summarized. The influence of environmental factors on the generation and spread of these substances is discussed, and relationships between allelopathy and allelobiosis in interspecific, intraspecific, plant-micro-organism, plant-insect, and mechanisms, are summarized. Furthermore, recent results on allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem are summarized and will provide a reference for the future application of allelopathy and allelobiosis in agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - J Du
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - S Zhang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
| | - Y Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Beijing, China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan, China
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4
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Gupta B, Shrestha J. Editorial: Abiotic stress adaptation and tolerance mechanisms in crop plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1278895. [PMID: 37810379 PMCID: PMC10560036 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1278895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Gupta
- Department of Zoology, Government General Degree College, Singur, West Bengal, India
| | - Jiban Shrestha
- Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Plant Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Lyu J, Jin N, Meng X, Jin L, Wang S, Xiao X, Liu Z, Tang Z, Yu J. Exogenous silicon alleviates the adverse effects of cinnamic acid-induced autotoxicity stress on cucumber seedling growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968514. [PMID: 36035700 PMCID: PMC9399776 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autotoxicity is a key factor that leads to obstacles in continuous cropping systems. Although Si is known to improve plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, little is known about its role in regulating leaf water status, mineral nutrients, nitrogen metabolism, and root morphology of cucumber under autotoxicity stress. Here, we used cucumber seeds (Cucumis sativus L. cv. "Xinchun No. 4") to evaluate how exogenous Si (1 mmol L-1) affected the leaf water status, mineral nutrient uptake, N metabolism-related enzyme activities, root morphology, and shoot growth of cucumber seedlings under 0.8 mmol L-1 CA-induced autotoxicity stress. We found that CA-induced autotoxicity significantly reduced the relative water content and water potential of leaves and increase their cell sap concentration. CA-induced stress also inhibited the absorption of major (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn). However, exogenous Si significantly improved the leaf water status (relative water content and water potential) of cucumber leaves under CA-induced stress. Exogenous Si also promoted the absorption of mineral elements by seedlings under CA-induced stress and alleviated the CA-induced inhibition of N metabolism-related enzyme activities (including nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase). Moreover, exogenous Si improved N uptake and utilization, promoted root morphogenesis, and increased the growth indexes of cucumber seedlings under CA-induced stress. Our findings have far-reaching implications for overcoming the obstacles to continuous cropping in cucumber cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Meng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeci Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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6
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Shen W, Zeng C, Zhang H, Zhu K, He H, Zhu W, He H, Li G, Liu J. Integrative Physiological, Transcriptional, and Metabolic Analyses Provide Insights Into Response Mechanisms of Prunus persica to Autotoxicity Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:794881. [PMID: 34975982 PMCID: PMC8714634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.794881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Autotoxicity is known as a critical factor in replanting problem that reduces land utilization and creates economic losses. Benzoic acid (BA) is identified as a major autotoxin in peach replant problem, and causes stunted seedling growth or even death. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of peach response to BA stress remain elusive. Here, we comprehensively studied the morphophysiological, transcriptional, and metabolic responses of peach plants to BA toxicity. Results showed that BA stress inhibited peach seedlings growth, decreased chlorophyll contents and fluorescence levels, as well as disturbed mineral metabolism. The contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde, as well as the total antioxidant capacity, were significantly increased under BA stress. A total of 6,319 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after BA stress, of which the DEGs related to photosynthesis, redox, and ion metabolism were greatly changed; meanwhile, numerous stress-responsive genes (HSPs, GSTs, GR, and ABC transporters) and transcription factors (MYB, AP2/ERF, NAC, bHLH, and WRKY) were noticeably altered under BA stress. BA induced metabolic reprogramming, and 74 differentially accumulated metabolites, including amino acids and derivatives, fatty acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols, were identified in BA-stressed roots. Furthermore, an integrated analysis of genes and metabolites indicated that most of the co-mapped KEGG pathways were enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, which implied a disturbed carbon and nitrogen metabolism after BA stress. The findings would be insightful in elucidating the mechanisms of plant response to autotoxicity stress, and help guide crops in alleviating replant problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunfa Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Kaijie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao He
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanzi He
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guohuai Li, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1170-9157
| | - Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Junwei Liu, , orcid.org/0000-0002-8842-2253
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7
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Karlsson Green K, Stenberg JA, Lankinen Å. Making sense of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in the light of evolution. Evol Appl 2020; 13:1791-1805. [PMID: 32908586 PMCID: PMC7463341 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach to combat pests (including herbivores, pathogens, and weeds) using a combination of preventive and curative actions, and only applying synthetic pesticides when there is an urgent need. Just as the recent recognition that an evolutionary perspective is useful in medicine to understand and predict interactions between hosts, diseases, and medical treatments, we argue that it is crucial to integrate an evolutionary framework in IPM to develop efficient and reliable crop protection strategies that do not lead to resistance development in herbivores, pathogens, and weeds. Such a framework would not only delay resistance evolution in pests, but also optimize each element of the management and increase the synergies between them. Here, we outline key areas within IPM that would especially benefit from a thorough evolutionary understanding. In addition, we discuss the difficulties and advantages of enhancing communication among research communities rooted in different biological disciplines and between researchers and society. Furthermore, we present suggestions that could advance implementation of evolutionary principles in IPM and thus contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture that is resilient to current and emerging pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Karlsson Green
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Johan A. Stenberg
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Åsa Lankinen
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
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8
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Garlic Substrate Induces Cucumber Growth Development and Decreases Fusarium Wilt through Regulation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in Replanted Disturbed Soil. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176008. [PMID: 32825476 PMCID: PMC7504009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic substrate could influence plant growth through affecting soil microbiome structure. The relationship mechanism between changes in soil microbial communities, disease suppression and plant development, however, remains unclear, particularly in the degraded soil micro-ecological environment. In this study, garlic substrates as a soil amendment were incorporated with different ratios (1:100, 3:100 and 5:100 g/100 g of soil) in a replanted disturbed soil of long-term cucumber monoculture (annual double cropping system in a greenhouse). The results indicated that higher amount of C-amended garlic substrate significantly induced soil suppressiveness (35.9% greater than control (CK) against the foliar disease incidence rate. This inhibitory effect consequently improved the cucumber growth performance and fruit yield to 20% higher than the non-amended soil. Short-term garlic substrate addition modified the soil quality through an increase in soil organic matter (SOM), nutrient availability and enzymatic activities. Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis revealed that soil bacterial and fungal communities in the garlic amendment were significantly different from the control. Species richness and diversity indices significantly increased under treated soil. The correlation-based heat map analysis suggested that soil OM, nutrient contents and biological activators were the primary drivers reshaping the microbial community structure. Furthermore, garlic substrate inhibited soil-borne pathogen taxa (Fusarium and Nematoda), and their reduced abundances, significantly affecting the crop yield. In addition, the host plant recruited certain plant-beneficial microbes due to substrate addition that could directly contribute to plant–pathogen inhibition and crop biomass production. For example, abundant Acidobacteria, Ascomycota and Glomeromycota taxa were significantly associated with cucumber yield promotion. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Basidiomycota and Glomeromycota were the associated microbial taxa that possibly performed as antagonists of Fusarium wilt, with plant pathogen suppression potential in monocropped cucumber-planted soil.
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Qu Q, Zhang Z, Peijnenburg WJGM, Liu W, Lu T, Hu B, Chen J, Chen J, Lin Z, Qian H. Rhizosphere Microbiome Assembly and Its Impact on Plant Growth. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5024-5038. [PMID: 32255613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms colonizing the plant rhizosphere provide a number of beneficial functions for their host. Although an increasing number of investigations clarified the great functional capabilities of rhizosphere microbial communities, the understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the impact of rhizosphere microbiome assemblies is still limited. Also, not much is known about the various beneficial functions of the rhizosphere microbiome. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of biotic and abiotic factors that shape the rhizosphere microbiome as well as the rhizosphere microbiome traits that are beneficial to plants growth and disease-resistance. We give particular emphasis on the impact of plant root metabolites on rhizosphere microbiome assemblies and on how the microbiome contributes to plant growth, yield, and disease-resistance. Finally, we introduce a new perspective and a novel method showing how a synthetic microbial community construction provides an effective approach to unravel the plant-microbes and microbes-microbes interplays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, 3720BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wanyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
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10
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Xiao X, Lv J, Xie J, Feng Z, Ma N, Li J, Yu J, Calderón-Urrea A. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Different Response to Toxic Stress in Rootstock Grafted and Non-Grafted Cucumber Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030774. [PMID: 31991638 PMCID: PMC7037640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autotoxicity of root exudates is one of the main reasons for consecutive monoculture problem (CMP) in cucumber under greenhouse cultivation. Rootstock grafting may improve the tolerance of cucumber plants to autotoxic stress. To verify the enhanced tolerance to autotoxic stress and illuminate relevant molecular mechanism, a transcriptomic comparative analysis was performed between rootstock grafted (RG) and non-grafted (NG) cucumber plants by a simulation of exogenous cinnamic acid (CA). The present study confirmed that relatively stable plant growth, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis was observed in RG than NG under CA stress. We identified 3647 and 2691 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NG and RG cucumber plants when compared to respective control, and gene expression patterns of RNA-seq was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Functional annotations revealed that DEGs response to CA stress were enriched in pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, phenylalanine metabolism, and plant-pathogen interaction. Interestingly, the significantly enriched pathway of photosynthesis-related, carbon and nitrogen metabolism only identified in NG, and most of DEGs were down-regulated. However, most of photosynthesis, Calvin cycle, glycolysis, TCA cycle, and nitrogen metabolism-related DEGs exhibited not or slightly down-regulated in RG. In addition, several stress-related transcription factor families of AP2/ERF, bHLH, bZIP, MYB. and NAC were uniquely triggered in the grafted cucumbers. Overall, the results of this study suggest that rootstock grafting improve the tolerance of cucumber plants to autotoxic stress by mediating down-regulation of photosynthesis, carbon, and nitrogen metabolism-related DEGs and activating the function of stress-related transcription factor. The transcriptome dataset provides an extensive sequence resource for further studies of autotoxic mechanism at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Jian Lv
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Zhi Feng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Ju Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.X.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (N.M.)
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0931-7632188
| | - Alejandro Calderón-Urrea
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University, Fresno, CA 97340, USA
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