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Saifi M, Ashrafi K, Qamar F, Abdin MZ. Regulatory trends in engineering bioactive-phytocompounds. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112167. [PMID: 38925476 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The secondary plant metabolites are of enormous importance because of their extensive medicinal, nutraceutical, and industrial applications. In plants, these secondary metabolites are often found in extremely small amounts, therefore, following the discovery of any prospective metabolite, the main constraining element is the ability to generate enough material for use in both industrial and therapeutic settings. In order to satisfy the rising demand for value-added metabolites, researchers prefer to use different molecular approaches for scalable and sustainable production of these phytocompounds. Here, we discuss the emerging regulatory trends in engineering these bioactive-phytocompounds and provide recommendation on successful employment of these state-of-the-art technologies for translation of these academic researches into novel process and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Saifi
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kudsiya Ashrafi
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Firdaus Qamar
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Z Abdin
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Yuan Y, Zeng L, Kong D, Mao Y, Xu Y, Wang M, Zhao Y, Jiang CZ, Zhang Y, Sun D. Abscisic acid-induced transcription factor PsMYB306 negatively regulates tree peony bud dormancy release. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2449-2471. [PMID: 38206196 PMCID: PMC10980420 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Bud dormancy is a crucial strategy for perennial plants to withstand adverse winter conditions. However, the regulatory mechanism of bud dormancy in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) remains largely unknown. Here, we observed dramatically reduced and increased accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and bioactive gibberellins (GAs) GA1 and GA3, respectively, during bud endodormancy release of tree peony under prolonged chilling treatment. An Illumina RNA sequencing study was performed to identify potential genes involved in the bud endodormancy regulation in tree peony. Correlation matrix, principal component, and interaction network analyses identified a downregulated MYB transcription factor gene, PsMYB306, the expression of which positively correlated with 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 3 (PsNCED3) expression. Protein modeling analysis revealed 4 residues within the R2R3 domain of PsMYB306 to possess DNA binding capability. Transcription of PsMYB306 was increased by ABA treatment. Overexpression of PsMYB306 in petunia (Petunia hybrida) inhibited seed germination and plant growth, concomitant with elevated ABA and decreased GA contents. Silencing of PsMYB306 accelerated cold-triggered tree peony bud burst and influenced the production of ABA and GAs and the expression of their biosynthetic genes. ABA application reduced bud dormancy release and transcription of ENT-KAURENOIC ACID OXIDASE 1 (PsKAO1), GA20-OXIDASE 1 (PsGA20ox1), and GA3-OXIDASE 1 (PsGA3ox1) associated with GA biosynthesis in PsMYB306-silenced buds. In vivo and in vitro binding assays confirmed that PsMYB306 specifically transactivated the promoter of PsNCED3. Silencing of PsNCED3 also promoted bud break and growth. Altogether, our findings suggest that PsMYB306 negatively modulates cold-induced bud endodormancy release by regulating ABA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Yuan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lingling Zeng
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Derong Kong
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanxiang Mao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingru Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yike Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Daoyang Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Zheng H, Fu X, Shao J, Tang Y, Yu M, Li L, Huang L, Tang K. Transcriptional regulatory network of high-value active ingredients in medicinal plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:429-446. [PMID: 36621413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
High-value active ingredients in medicinal plants have attracted research attention because of their benefits for human health, such as the antimalarial artemisinin, anticardiovascular disease tanshinones, and anticancer Taxol and vinblastine. Here, we review how hormones and environmental factors promote the accumulation of active ingredients, thereby providing a strategy to produce high-value drugs at a low cost. Focusing on major hormone signaling events and environmental factors, we review the transcriptional regulatory network mediating biosynthesis of representative active ingredients. In this network, many transcription factors (TFs) simultaneously control multiple synthase genes; thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms affecting transcriptional regulation of active ingredients will be crucial to developing new breeding possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xueqing Fu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jin Shao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yueli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre,School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Muyao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), SWU-TAAHC Medicinal Plant Joint R&D Centre,School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Cao X, Xu L, Li L, Wan W, Jiang J. TcMYB29a, an ABA-Responsive R2R3-MYB Transcriptional Factor, Upregulates Taxol Biosynthesis in Taxus chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804593. [PMID: 35310663 PMCID: PMC8931530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Taxol), a highly modified diterpene agent mainly obtained from Taxus species, is the most widely used anticancer drug. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a well-known stress hormone that plays important roles in the secondary metabolism of plants, and it can also induce the accumulation of taxol in Taxus cell suspension cultures. However, the mechanism behind the regulation of taxol biosynthesis by ABA remains largely unknown. In previous research, a R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF) TcMYB29a was observed to show a significant correlation with taxol biosynthesis, indicative of its potential role in the taxol biosynthesis. In this study, the TcMYB29a encoded by its gene was further characterized. An expression pattern analysis revealed that TcMYB29a was highly expressed in the needles and roots. Overexpression of TcMYB29a in Taxus chinensis cell suspension cultures led to an increased accumulation of taxol, and upregulated expression of taxol-biosynthesis-related genes, including the taxadiene synthase (TS) gene, the taxane 5α-hydroxylase (T5OH) gene, and the 3'-N-debenzoyl-2'-deoxytaxol-N-benzoyltransferase (DBTNBT) gene as compared to the controls. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), and dual-luciferase reporter assays verified that TcMYB29a could bind and activate the promoter of TcT5OH. Promoter sequence analysis of TcMYB29a revealed that its promoter containing an AERB site from -313 to -319 was a crucial ABA-responsive element. Subsequently, the ABA treatment assay showed that TcMYB29a was strongly upregulated at 6 h after ABA pretreatment. Furthermore, TcMYB29a was strongly suppressed at 3 h after the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment and was depressed to the platform at 12 h. Taken together, these results reveal that TcMYB29a is an activator that improves the accumulation of taxol in Taxus chinensis cells through an ABA-medicated signaling pathway which is different from JA-medicated signaling pathways for the accumulation of taxol. These findings provide new insights into the potential regulatory roles of MYBs on the expression of taxol biosynthetic genes in Taxus.
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Chen P, Li R, Zhu L, Hao Q, Yao S, Liu J, Ji K. Characterization and Interaction Analysis of the Secondary Cell Wall Synthesis-Related Transcription Factor PmMYB7 in Pinus massoniana Lamb. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042079. [PMID: 35216196 PMCID: PMC8877852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vascular plants, the importance of R2R3-myeloblastosis (R2R3-MYB) transcription factors (TFs) in the formation of secondary cell walls (SCWs) has long been a controversial topic due to the lack of empirical evidence of an association between TFs and downstream target genes. Here, we found that the transcription factor PmMYB7, which belongs to the R2R3-MYB subfamily, is involved in lignin biosynthesis in Pinus massoniana. PmMYB7 was highly expressed in lignified tissues and upon abiotic stress. As a bait carrier, the PmMYB7 protein had no toxicity or autoactivation in the nucleus. Forty-seven proteins were screened from the P. massoniana yeast library. These proteins were predicted to be mainly involved in resistance, abiotic stress, cell wall biosynthesis, and cell development. We found that the PmMYB7 protein interacted with caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase-2 (PmCCoAOMT2)—which is involved in lignin biosynthesis—but not with beta-1, 2-xylosyltransferase (PmXYXT1) yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) studies. Our in vivo coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay further showed that the PmMYB7 and PmCCoAOMT2 proteins could interact. Therefore, we concluded that PmMYB7 is an upstream TF that can interact with PmCCoAOMT2 in plant cells. These findings lay a foundation for further research on the function of PmMYB7, lignin biosynthesis and molecular breeding in P. massoniana.
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Wang T, Li L, Zhuang W, Zhang F, Shu X, Wang N, Wang Z. Recent Research Progress in Taxol Biosynthetic Pathway and Acylation Reactions Mediated by Taxus Acyltransferases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102855. [PMID: 34065782 PMCID: PMC8151764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxol is one of the most effective anticancer drugs in the world that is widely used in the treatments of breast, lung and ovarian cancer. The elucidation of the taxol biosynthetic pathway is the key to solve the problem of taxol supply. So far, the taxol biosynthetic pathway has been reported to require an estimated 20 steps of enzymatic reactions, and sixteen enzymes involved in the taxol pathway have been well characterized, including a novel taxane-10β-hydroxylase (T10βOH) and a newly putative β-phenylalanyl-CoA ligase (PCL). Moreover, the source and formation of the taxane core and the details of the downstream synthetic pathway have been basically depicted, while the modification of the core taxane skeleton has not been fully reported, mainly concerning the developments from diol intermediates to 2-debenzoyltaxane. The acylation reaction mediated by specialized Taxus BAHD family acyltransferases (ACTs) is recognized as one of the most important steps in the modification of core taxane skeleton that contribute to the increase of taxol yield. Recently, the influence of acylation on the functional and structural diversity of taxanes has also been continuously revealed. This review summarizes the latest research advances of the taxol biosynthetic pathway and systematically discusses the acylation reactions supported by Taxus ACTs. The underlying mechanism could improve the understanding of taxol biosynthesis, and provide a theoretical basis for the mass production of taxol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Lingyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weibing Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Xiaochun Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Ning Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
| | - Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (T.W.); (L.L.); (W.Z.); (F.Z.); (X.S.); (N.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-84347055
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Xiao R, Zhang C, Guo X, Li H, Lu H. MYB Transcription Factors and Its Regulation in Secondary Cell Wall Formation and Lignin Biosynthesis during Xylem Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3560. [PMID: 33808132 PMCID: PMC8037110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The secondary wall is the main part of wood and is composed of cellulose, xylan, lignin, and small amounts of structural proteins and enzymes. Lignin molecules can interact directly or indirectly with cellulose, xylan and other polysaccharide molecules in the cell wall, increasing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of plant cells and tissues and facilitating the long-distance transportation of water in plants. MYBs (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) belong to one of the largest superfamilies of transcription factors, the members of which regulate secondary cell-wall formation by promoting/inhibiting the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, and xylan. Among them, MYB46 and MYB83, which comprise the second layer of the main switch of secondary cell-wall biosynthesis, coordinate upstream and downstream secondary wall synthesis-related transcription factors. In addition, MYB transcription factors other than MYB46/83, as well as noncoding RNAs, hormones, and other factors, interact with one another to regulate the biosynthesis of the secondary wall. Here, we discuss the biosynthesis of secondary wall, classification and functions of MYB transcription factors and their regulation of lignin polymerization and secondary cell-wall formation during wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaorui Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
| | - Hai Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (R.X.); (H.L.)
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.)
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Yu C, Zhang C, Xu X, Huang J, Chen Y, Luo X, Wang H, Shen C. Omic analysis of the endangered Taxaceae species Pseudotaxus chienii revealed the differences in taxol biosynthesis pathway between Pseudotaxus and Taxus yunnanensis trees. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:104. [PMID: 33622251 PMCID: PMC7903646 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxol is an efficient anticancer drug accumulated in Taxus species. Pseudotaxus chienii is an important member of Taxaceae, however, the level of six taxoids in P. chienii is largely unknown. RESULTS High accumulation of 10-DAB, taxol, and 7-E-PTX suggested that P. chienii is a good taxol-yielding species for large-scale cultivation. By the omics approaches, a total of 3,387 metabolites and 61,146 unigenes were detected and annotated. Compared with a representative Taxus tree (Taxus yunnanensis), most of the differentially accumulated metabolites and differential expressed genes were assigned into 10 primary and secondary metabolism pathways. Comparative analyses revealed the variations in the precursors and intermediate products of taxol biosynthesis between P. chienii and T. yunnanensis. Taxusin-like metabolites highly accumulated in P. chienii, suggesting a wider value of P. chienii in pharmaceutical industry. CONCLUSIONS In our study, the occurrence of taxoids in P. chienii was determined. The differential expression of key genes involved in the taxol biosynthesis pathway is the major cause of the differential accumulation of taxoids. Moreover, identification of a number of differentially expressed transcription factors provided more candidate regulators of taxol biosynthesis. Our study may help to reveal the differences between Pseudotaxus and Taxus trees, and promote resource utilization of the endangered and rarely studied P. chienii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunna Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Chengchao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Jiefang Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Xiujun Luo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036 China
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