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Aleryani H, Al-Dalali S, Gao Q, Abdo AA, Al-Zamani Z, Sri Prabakusuma A, Ahmada AK, Alals OA, He JS. Physicochemical and microbiological evaluation of treated Gastrodia elata with combination of slightly acidic electrolyzed water and lithium magnesium silicate under certain temperatures and different storage periods. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024:10820132241271798. [PMID: 39295422 DOI: 10.1177/10820132241271798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of slightly acidic electrolyzed water combined with lithium magnesium silicate hydrosol on the quality of fresh slices of Gastrodia elata under varying storage temperatures, including room temperature fresh slices of Gastrodia elata 25 °C and 37 °C. Fresh slices of Gastrodia elata 25 and 37 samples were stored for 13 days and extensively analyzed for color, weight loss, decay index, bacterial count, vitamin C, and polysaccharide contents during different storage periods. The findings revealed that the slightly acidic electrolyzed water + hydrosol treatment notably decreased weight loss and decay index compared to distilled water and slightly acidic electrolyzed water treatments. Moreover, fresh slices of Gastrodia elata treated with slightly acidic electrolyzed water + hydrosol exhibited untraceable bacterial counts after 3 days, with counts starting to increase after 7 days of storage. The bacterial counts rose from 3.25 to 5.36 and from 4.13 to 5.79 log CFU/g under both storage conditions. The application of slightly acidic electrolyzed water + hydrosol resulted in reduced chromaticity values of L*, a*, and b* on the Gastrodia elata surface, along with a lower percentage loss of polysaccharide contents and vitamin C compared to distilled water and slightly acidic electrolyzed water treatments. These results suggested that Gastrodia elata treated with slightly acidic electrolyzed water + hydrosol maintained its quality characteristics and nutritional attributes, exhibiting greater stability during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Aleryani
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Qing Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Abdullah Aa Abdo
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zakarya Al-Zamani
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Adhita Sri Prabakusuma
- Vocational School of Foodservice Industry, Food Biotechnology Research Group, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmada Khamis Ahmada
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Omar Abdulqader Alals
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Song He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Wu C, Li Y, Wu X, Bao E, Ye L, Cao K. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water significantly restrains the accumulation of the microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in hydroponic systems. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae082. [PMID: 38533661 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study explored the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on algae to exploit technologies that effectively suppress algal growth in hydroponic systems and improve crop yield. METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of SAEW on algal growth and the response mechanisms of algae to SAEW were investigated. Moreover, we studied whether the application of SAEW adversely affected tomato seedling growth. The results showed that SAEW significantly inhibited algal growth and destroyed the integrity of the algal cells. In addition, the intracellular oxidation-reduction system of algae was greatly influenced by SAEW. The H2O2, O2-, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence signals were significantly induced by SAEW, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were greatly enhanced by a low SAEW concentration but significantly inhibited by SAEW with a high available chlorine concentration, which may contribute to heavy oxidative stress on algal growth and cell structure break down, eventually causing the death of algae and cell number decrease. We also found that regardless of the concentration of SAEW (from 10 to 40 mg L-1), there was no significant change in the germination index, length, or fresh weight of the hydroponic tomato seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that SAEW can be used in hydroponic systems to restrain algae with no negative impact on tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuinan Wu
- Agriculture College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Xue Wu
- The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Encai Bao
- The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Agriculture College, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Kai Cao
- The Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Guo L, Han J, Wang Y, Chang Y, Qu W, Man C, Fei P, Jiang Y. Antibacterial action of slightly acidic electrolytic water against Cronobacter sakazakii and its application as a disinfectant on high-risk contact surfaces. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1314362. [PMID: 38351917 PMCID: PMC10864107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1314362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Powdered infant formula (PIF) is prone to Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) contamination, which can result in infections that endanger the lives of newborns and infants. Slightly acidic electrolytic water (SAEW) has shown antibacterial effects on a variety of foodborne pathogens and has a wide applicability in the food industry. Here, the antibacterial activity of SAEW against C. sakazakii and its use as a disinfectant on contact surfaces with high infection transmission risk were investigated. The inactivation of SAEW on C. sakazakii was positively correlated to the SAEW concentration and treatment time. The antibacterial effect of SAEW was achieved by decreasing the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), K+, protein, and DNA contents of C. sakazakii, reducing the intracellular pH (pHin) and destroying the cell morphology, which led to inactivation of C. sakazakii ultimately. To test the applicability of this study, the results showed that approximately 103 CFU/cm2 of C. sakazakii were successfully inactivated on stainless steel and rubber surfaces after a 30 mg/L SAEW treatment for 20 s. These results indicate the antibacterial mechanism and potential application of SAEW against C. sakazakii, as well as a new strategy for the prevention and control of C. sakazakii on stainless steel and rubber surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yajing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chaoxin Man
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Fei
- School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Zhao W, Gao Q, Cao Y, Meng Y, He J. Kinetics of sterilization of atomized slightly acidic electrolyzed water on tableware. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24721. [PMID: 38312634 PMCID: PMC10835237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the kinetics of atomization of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) for use in sterilization of secondary contaminated tableware surfaces. The sterilization efficacy of SAEW was assessed on the basis of the change in the total number of colonies with different contamination levels (101 CFU/mL and 102 CFU/mL), atomization time (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 s), atomizing distance (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm), and available chlorine concentration (ACC; 25.2, 30.2, 34.9, 40.5, 44.8, and 53.3 mg/L) as the main influencing factors. According to the relationship among flux, atomization area, and time, a kinetic model of SAEW atomization for the sterilization of tableware surfaces was established. The results indicated that the sterilization efficacy of SAEW gradually improved with decreased contamination levels (12.69 %-15.74 %), extended atomization time (13.68 %-46.58 %), and increased ACC (36.89 %-95.14 %). Based on the kinetics analysis, the change law of the kinetic model of SAEW atomization and sterilization of tableware surfaces with secondary pollution was found to be consistent with the change law of sterilization (r2 > 0.8). The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for SAEW atomization for sterilization of secondary contaminated tableware surfaces and also contributes to the improvement of technological theory of SAEW sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yuanyan Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jinsong He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
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Li C, Sun W, Liu S, Pan C, Wang D, Feng Y, Cen J, Chen S. Efficient aluminum removal and microorganism inhibition in ready-to-eat jellyfish by slightly acidic electrolyzed water. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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6
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Yan P, Chen X, Chelliah R, Jo KH, Shan L, Shin H, Kim S, Oh DH. Biocontrol and anti-biofilm potential of aerosols sprayed slightly acidic electrolyzed water against Cronobacter sakazakii in infant food industry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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7
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Benedusi M, Tamburini E, Sicurella M, Summa D, Ferrara F, Marconi P, Cervellati F, Costa S, Valacchi G. The Lesson Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Can an Active Chemical Be Effective, Safe, Harmless-for-Humans and Low-Cost at a Time? Evidence on Aerosolized Hypochlorous Acid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13163. [PMID: 36293740 PMCID: PMC9602504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has underlined the importance of disinfectants as tools to prevent and fight against coronavirus spreading. An ideal disinfectant and sanitizer must be nontoxic to surface contact, noncorrosive, effective, and relatively inexpensive as it is hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The present work intended to evaluate, on different surfaces, the bactericidal and virucidal effectiveness of nebulized HOCl and test its safety usage in 2D and 3D skin and lung models. Our data showed that HOCl at the dose of 300 ppm did not affect cellular and tissue viability, not their morphology. The HOCl bactericidal properties varies with the surface analyzed: 69% for semi-porous, 96-99.9% for flat and porous. This discrepancy was not noticed for the virucidal properties. Overall, this study showed that nebulized HOCl can prevent virus and bacteria growth without affecting lung and skin tissues, making this compound a perfect candidate to sanitize indoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tamburini
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Sicurella
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniela Summa
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Rao H, Xue F, Ma S, Zhao M, Zhao D, Hao J. Contribution of slightly acidic electrolytic water (
SAEW
) to food safety, nutrients enrichment and allergenicity reduction of peanut sprouts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Rao
- College of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
- Tongfu Group Co., Ltd Wuhu Anhui PR China
| | - Feng Xue
- College of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
| | - Shuhong Ma
- Hebei Tongfu Health Industry Co., Ltd Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
| | - Jianxiong Hao
- College of Food Science and Biology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei PR China
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9
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Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water to Remove Methylobacterium mesophilicum, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cladosporium cladosporioides in Households. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is an effective and safe sterilizing solution. Its active component is hypochlorous acid (HOCl) which has been proved to exhibit a strong disinfectant activity. In this research we evaluated the effectiveness of SAEW in the removal of Methylobacterium mesophilicum, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cladosporium cladosporioides, responsible for pink-colored biofilm and black mold in households. (2) Methods: Two concentrations of SAEW, 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L, were tested against M. mesophilicum, R. mucilaginosa and C. cladosporioides. In vitro experiments and mesh experiments were conducted to test the effectiveness of SAEW. (3) Results: The test results showed that 40 mg/L SAEW was effective in removing R. mucilaginosa and C. cladosporioides, with the population decreasing by approximately two orders of magnitude. For M. mesophilicum, resistance towards SAEW was observed; to obtain a 1.3 order of magnitude decrease in bacterial population, washing 5 times with 40 mg/L SAEW was necessary. Mesh experiments showed that SAEW can remove black mold; (4) Conclusions: Overall results indicated that SAEW was particularly effective for R. mucilaginosa and C. cladosporioides species commonly found in Japanese households.
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10
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Jeong JW, Sarmast ND, Terlier T, van der Hoeven R, Holland JN, Parikh N. Assessment of the cytotoxic effects and chemical composition of the insoluble precipitate formed from sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1892-1901. [PMID: 34081782 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate (1) the cytotoxic potential of the brown precipitate (BP) formed with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), using both a small animal model of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and cultured human gingival fibroblasts; and (2) the chemical composition of BP using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). METHODOLOGY Brown precipitate was obtained by mixing equal volumes of 6% NaOCl and 2% CHX and separating the BP from clear supernatant by centrifugation. The brown precipitate was weighed and solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide for cytotoxicity experiments. The cytotoxic effect of BP was assessed using C. elegans larvae and primary immortalized human gingival fibroblasts-hTERT (hTERT-hNOF) cells. Various dilutions of BP (25 ng/µL-150 ng/µL), supernatant (0.15% v/v), NaOCl (1:100-1:1000 dilutions of 6% NaOCl) or CHX (1:500-1:1000 dilutions of 2% CHX) along with vehicle control (0.5% v/v ethanol and 0.15% v/v DMSO) or untreated control (growth medium) were tested on C. elegans larvae and hTERT-hNOF cells. Viability was assessed in C. elegans larvae using stereomicroscopy and in hTERT-hNOF cells using dehydrogenase-based colorimetric assay. ToF-SIMS was used to assess the chemical composition of BP in comparison with CHX and para-chloroaniline (PCA). The C. elegans and cell line data were analysed using Log-Rank test and Student's t-test, respectively (p < .05). RESULTS BP-75 ng/µL and BP-150 ng/µL were significantly more toxic to C. elegans larvae than the untreated, vehicle, supernatant or CHX treatment groups (p < .0001). Similarly, in hTERT-hNOF cells, BP-50 ng/µL, BP-75 ng/µL and BP-150 ng/µL induced significant cytotoxicity within 2 h compared with untreated, vehicle, supernatant and CHX treatments (p < .05). ToF-SIMS analysis of BP revealed ion composition characteristic of both CHX and the carcinogen PCA. CONCLUSIONS Brown precipitate was toxic in both C. elegans larvae and hTERT-hNOF cells. The ToF-SIMS analysis of BP revealed ions characteristic of CHX and PCA that could account for the toxicities observed in C. elegans larvae and human gingival fibroblasts. Because of the insoluble and toxic nature of BP, consecutive use of CHX and NaOCl irrigants should be avoided in root canal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wook Jeong
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nima D Sarmast
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- SIMS Laboratory, Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ransome van der Hoeven
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julian N Holland
- Office of Research, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neha Parikh
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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11
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Efficacy and Mechanism of Ultrasound Combined with Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water for Inactivating Escherichia coli. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6689751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the synergetic effect and mechanism of ultrasound (US) and slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on the inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) were evaluated. The results showed that US combined with SAEW treatment showed higher sanitizing efficacy for reducing E. coli than US and SAEW alone treatment. US and US combined with SAEW treatments resulted in smaller particle size of E. coli compared to the control and SAEW treatment. In addition, US combined with SAEW treatment induced the highest potassium leakage. However, the highest protein leakage was recorded in US treatment. Moreover, scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that the greatest damage of the appearance and ultrastructure of E. coli was achieved after US combined with SAEW treatment. The synergetic effect was also confirmed by CLSM analysis. Fluorescence spectroscopy suggested that treatments of US, SAEW, and US combined with SAEW changed protein conformation of E. coli. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the sterilization mechanism of US combined with SAEW treatment was decreasing the particle size and disrupting the permeability of cell membrane and the cytoplasmic ultrastructure as well as changing protein conformation of E. coli.
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12
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Nguyen K, Bui D, Hashemi M, Hocking DM, Mendis P, Strugnell RA, Dharmage SC. The Potential Use of Hypochlorous Acid and a Smart Prefabricated Sanitising Chamber to Reduce Occupation-Related COVID-19 Exposure. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:247-252. [PMID: 33519249 PMCID: PMC7837568 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s284897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This work is part of a project on the development of a smart prefabricated sanitising chamber (SPSC) to provide extra measures against the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Stabilised hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an approved disinfectant against SARS-CoV-2 by the Environmental Protection Association US in its liquid form on non-porous surfaces. This review is extended to cover its viricidal/bactericidal efficacy in aerosolised or sprayed form which showed an effective dose of as low as 20 ppm and the exposure duration of at least 60 s. The aerosolised application was also recommended with particle size of less than 200 μm to increase the contact with pathogens. The review also includes the safety and toxicity of HOCl with different concentrations. The review calls for more investigations into the effect of HOCl in mist and fog form on the respiratory system when transitioning through the proposed SPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Nguyen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dinh Bui
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mahak Hashemi
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,ARC Training Centre on Advanced Manufacturing of Prefabricated Housing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dianna M Hocking
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Priyan Mendis
- ARC Training Centre on Advanced Manufacturing of Prefabricated Housing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard A Strugnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Yan P, Daliri EBM, Oh DH. New Clinical Applications of Electrolyzed Water: A Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:136. [PMID: 33435548 PMCID: PMC7827692 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As the situation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still deteriorating, there has been a huge increase in the demand and use of disinfectants. Electrolyzed water (EW), as a novel broad-spectrum disinfectant and cleaner, has been widely used for several years. EW can be produced in an electrolysis chamber which contains dilute salt and tap water. It is an effective antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent, with several advantages such as on-the-spot, cheap, environmentally friendly and safe for human beings. Therefore, EW holds potential significance for high-risk settings in hospitals and other clinical facilities. EW can also be applied for wound healing, advanced tissue care, and dental clinics. The present review article highlights the latest developments and new perspectives of EW, especially in clinical fields. Furthermore, the main action modes of antibiofilm and antimicrobial will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (P.Y.); (E.B.-M.D.)
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