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Yan Z, Zhong Q, Yan L, Lai W, Xu X. Ethyl pyruvate attenuates cellular adhesion and proliferation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by targeting c-Jun. J Appl Biomed 2024; 22:107-114. [PMID: 38912866 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) stands out as the most common type of malignant cancer, representing the majority of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a derivative of pyruvic acid and found to have potent anti-tumor properties. Despite its potential benefits, the impact of EP on DLBCL remains ambiguous. Our objective is to elucidate the role of EP in modulating the development of DLBCL. Analysis of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) revealed that treatment with EP significantly diminished the viability of DLBCL cells. Furthermore, EP administration suppressed colony formation and hindered cell adhesion and invasion in DLBCL cells. Examination of cell cycle progression showed that EP treatment induced arrest at the G1 phase and subsequently reduced the S phase population in DLBCL cells. EP treatment consistently exhibited apoptosis-inducing properties in Annexin-V assays, and notably downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 while increasing levels of proapoptotic cleaved caspase 3 and BAX in DLBCL cells. Additionally, EP treatment decreased the overexpression of c-Jun in c-Jun-transfected DLBCL cells. Further, EP demonstrated DNA-damaging effects in TUNEL assays. In vivo, xenograft animal models revealed that EP treatment significantly mitigated DLBCL tumor growth and suppressed DLBCL cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells. In summary, these findings suggest that EP mitigates DLBCL progression by inducing apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, and promoting DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ling Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Department of Ultrasonography, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wenhong Lai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Department of Hematology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Department of Hematology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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2
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Yi Q, Huang M, Zhang X, Xu Z, Sun J, Wang S, Xu H, Du Z, Liu M. GNA13 inhibits glioblastoma metastasis via the ERKs/FOXO3 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2023:110789. [PMID: 37392861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor characterized by poor prognosis and low overall survival (OS) rate. Identification of novel biological markers for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM is crucial to developing interventions to improve patient survival. GNA13, a member of the G12 family, has been reported to play important roles in a variety of biological processes involved in tumorigenesis and development. However, its role in GBM is currently unknown. Here, we explored the expression patterns and functions of GNA13 in GBM, as wells its impact on metastasis process. Results showed that GNA13 was downregulated in GBM tissues and correlated with poor prognosis of GBM. Downregulation of GNA13 promoted the migration, invasion and proliferation of GBM cells; whereas its overexpression abolished these effects. Western blots revealed that GNA13 knockdown and overexpression upregulated and inhibited the phosphorylation of ERKs, respectively. Moreover, GNA13 was the upstream of ERKs signaling to regulating ERKs phosphorylation level. Furthermore, U0126 alleviated the metastasis effect induced by GNA13 knockdown. Bioinformatics analyses and qRT-PCR experiments demonstrated that GNA13 could regulate FOXO3, a downstream signaling molecule of ERKs pathway. Overall, our results demonstrate that GNA13 expression is negatively correlated with GBM and can suppress tumor metastasis by inhibiting the ERKs signaling pathway and upregulating FOXO3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Yi
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Meihui Huang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhennan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixiong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China; Shantou Academy of Medical Sciences, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mingfa Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Employing Molecular Docking Calculations for the Design of Alkyl (2-Alcoxy-2-Hydroxypropanoyl)-L-Tryptophanate Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1). REACTIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions4010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we presented the design by computational tools of novel alkyl (2-alcoxy-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-L-tryptophanate derivatives, which can be potential inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). The molecular structure optimization of a group of 36 compounds was performed employing DFT-B3LYP calculations at the level 6-311G(d,p). Then, molecular docking calculations were performed using Autodock tools software, employing the Lamarckian genetic algorithm (LGA). Four parameters (binding, intermolecular and Van Der Waals hydrogen bonding desolvation energies, and HOMO-LUMO gap) were used to evaluate the potential as 11β-HSD1 inhibitors, which nominate L-tryptophan derivatives as the most promissory molecules. Finally, these molecules were obtained starting from the amino acid and pyruvic acid in a convergent methodology with moderate to low yields.
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4
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Liu DN, Liu M, Zhang SS, Shang YF, Song FH, Zhang HW, Du GH, Wang YH. Chrysomycin A Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of U251 and U87-MG Glioblastoma Cells to Exert Its Anti-Cancer Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196148. [PMID: 36234681 PMCID: PMC9570634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysomycin A (Chr-A), an antibiotic from Streptomyces, is reported to have anti-tumor and anti-tuberculous activities, but its anti-glioblastoma activity and possible mechanism are not clear. Therefore, the current study was to investigate the mechanism of Chr-A against glioblastoma using U251 and U87-MG human cells. CCK8 assays, EdU-DNA synthesis assays and LDH assays were carried out to detect cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity of U251 and U87-MG cells, respectively. Transwell assays were performed to detect the invasion and migration abilities of glioblastoma cells. Western blot was used to validate the potential proteins. Chr-A treatment significantly inhibited the growth of glioblastoma cells and weakened the ability of cell migration and invasion by down regulating the expression of slug, MMP2 and MMP9. Furthermore, Chr-A also down regulated Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β and their downstream proteins, such as β-catenin and c-Myc in human glioblastoma cells. In conclusion, Chr-A may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ni Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Man Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-Fu Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fu-Hang Song
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (G.-H.D.); (Y.-H.W.)
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (G.-H.D.); (Y.-H.W.)
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5
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Fan R, Wang L, Botchway BOA, Zhang Y, Liu X. Protective role of ethyl pyruvate in spinal cord injury by inhibiting the high mobility group box-1/toll-like receptor4/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1013033. [PMID: 36187352 PMCID: PMC9524569 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1013033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a high incident rate of central nervous system disease that usually causes paralysis below the injured level. The occurrence of chronic inflammation with the axonal regeneration difficulties are the underlying barriers for the recovery of SCI patients. Current studies have paid attention to controlling the instigative and developmental process of neuro-inflammation. Ethyl pyruvate, as a derivative of pyruvate, has strong anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions. Herein, we reviewed the recent studies of ethyl pyruvate and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). We think HMGB1 that is one of the main nuclear protein mediators to cause an inflammatory response. This protein induces astrocytic activation, and promotes glial scar formation. Interestingly, ethyl pyruvate has potent inhibitory effects on HMGB1 protein, as it inhibits chronic inflammatory response by modulating the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. This paper discusses the potential mechanism of ethyl pyruvate in inhibiting chronic inflammation after SCI. Ethyl pyruvate can be a prospective therapeutic agent for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lvxia Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | | | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuehong Liu, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-6762
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6
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STANCIOIU F, IVANESCU B, DUMITRESCU R. Perspectives on the Immune System in Sepsis. MAEDICA 2022; 17:404-414. [PMID: 36032596 PMCID: PMC9375866 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2022.17.2.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Beyond the modifications shown by the biochemistry labs, profound and ample modifications are seen in septic patients at a molecular level stemming from DNA translation and gene expression, manifested as unique profiles of mRNA (messenger), as well as non-coding, functional RNAs: miRNA (micro) and lncRNAs (long non-coding). Counteracting these modifications requires treatment with pleiotropic molecules and/or combination of molecules and opens the possibility of future treatments with arrays of siRNAs and/or specific panels of small molecules tailored for each patient subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Radu DUMITRESCU
- University of Bucharest, Medicover Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Mirzaei S, Saghari S, Bassiri F, Raesi R, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Sethi G, Tergaonkar V. NF-κB as a regulator of cancer metastasis and therapy response: A focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2770-2795. [PMID: 35561232 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis of tumor cells is a complex challenge and significantly diminishes the overall survival and prognosis of cancer patients. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a well-known mechanism responsible for the invasiveness of tumor cells. A number of molecular pathways can regulate the EMT mechanism in cancer cells and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is one of them. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 can induce the transcription of several genes involved in EMT induction. The present review describes NF-κB and EMT interaction in cancer cells and their association in cancer progression. Due to the oncogenic role NF-κB signaling, its activation enhances metastasis of tumor cells via EMT induction. This has been confirmed in various cancers including brain, breast, lung and gastric cancers, among others. The ZEB1/2, transforming growth factor-β, and Slug as inducers of EMT undergo upregulation by NF-κB to promote metastasis of tumor cells. After EMT induction driven by NF-κB, a significant decrease occurs in E-cadherin levels, while N-cadherin and vimentin levels undergo an increase. The noncoding RNAs can potentially also function as upstream mediators and modulate NF-κB/EMT axis in cancers. Moreover, NF-κB/EMT axis is involved in mediating drug resistance in tumor cells. Thus, suppressing NF-κB/EMT axis can also promote the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Saghari
- Department of Health Services Management, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Bassiri
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.,Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- PhD in Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Pan J, Sheng S, Ye L, Xu X, Ma Y, Feng X, Qiu L, Fan Z, Wang Y, Xia X, Zheng JC. Extracellular vesicles derived from glioblastoma promote proliferation and migration of neural progenitor cells via PI3K-Akt pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:7. [PMID: 35022057 PMCID: PMC8756733 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are lethal brain tumors under the current combinatorial therapeutic strategy that includes surgery, chemo- and radio-therapies. Extensive changes in the tumor microenvironment is a key reason for resistance to chemo- or radio-therapy and frequent tumor recurrences. Understanding the tumor-nontumor cell interaction in TME is critical for developing new therapy. Glioblastomas are known to recruit normal cells in their environs to sustain growth and encroachment into other regions. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been noted to migrate towards the site of glioblastomas, however, the detailed mechanisms underlying glioblastoma-mediated NPCs' alteration remain unkown. METHODS We collected EVs in the culture medium of three classic glioblastoma cell lines, U87 and A172 (male cell lines), and LN229 (female cell line). U87, A172, and LN229 were co-cultured with their corresponding EVs, respectively. Mouse NPCs (mNPCs) were co-cultured with glioblastoma-derived EVs. The proliferation and migration of tumor cells and mNPCs after EVs treatment were examined. Proteomic analysis and western blotting were utilized to identify the underlying mechanisms of glioblastoma-derived EVs-induced alterations in mNPCs. RESULTS We first show that glioblastoma cell lines U87-, A172-, and LN229-derived EVs were essential for glioblastoma cell prolifeartion and migration. We then demonstrated that glioblastoma-derived EVs dramatically promoted NPC proliferation and migration. Mechanistic studies identify that glioblastoma-derived EVs achieve their functions via activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in mNPCs. Inhibiting PI3K-Akt pathway reversed the elevated prolfieration and migration of glioblastoma-derived EVs-treated mNPCs. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that EVs play a key role in intercellular communication in tumor microenvironment. Inhibition of the tumorgenic EVs-mediated PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway activation might be a novel strategy to shed light on glioblastoma therapy. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Pan
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shiyang Sheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yizhao Ma
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xuanran Feng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lisha Qiu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhaohuan Fan
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, China.
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, China.
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Mirzaei S, Abadi AJ, Gholami MH, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Zarrabi A, Entezari M, Aref AR, Khan H, Ashrafizadeh M, Samarghandian S. The involvement of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in doxorubicin resistance: Possible molecular targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174344. [PMID: 34270987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Considering the fact that cancer cells can switch among various molecular pathways and mechanisms to ensure their progression, chemotherapy is no longer effective enough in cancer therapy. As an anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin (DOX) is derived from Streptomyces peucetius and can induce cytotoxicity by binding to topoisomerase enzymes to suppress DNA replication, leading to apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, efficacy of DOX in suppressing cancer progression is restricted by development of drug resistance. Cancer cells elevate their metastasis in triggering DOX resistance. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism participates in transforming epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells that have fibroblast-like features. The EMT diminishes intercellular adhesion and enhances migration of cells that are necessary for carcinogenesis. Various oncogenic molecular pathways stimulate EMT in cancer. EMT can induce DOX resistance, and in this way, upstream mediators such as ZEB proteins, microRNAs, Twist1 and TGF-β play a significant role. Identification of molecular pathways involved in EMT regulation and DOX resistance has resulted in using gene therapy such as microRNA transfection and siRNA in overcoming chemoresistance. Furthermore, curcumin and formononetin, owing to their cytotoxicity against cancer cells, can suppress EMT in mediating DOX sensitivity. For promoting efficacy in DOX sensitivity, nanoparticles have been developed for boosting ability in EMT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Jalal Abadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Liu J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Bing Z, Wang Y, Li Q, Yang K. Identification of robust diagnostic and prognostic gene signatures in different grades of gliomas: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11350. [PMID: 34026352 PMCID: PMC8121073 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. The complexity and heterogeneity of the tumor makes it difficult to obtain good biomarkers for drug development. In this study, through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), we analyze the common diagnostic and prognostic moleculer markers in Caucasian and Asian populations, which can be used as drug targets in the future. Methods The RNA-seq data from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed to identify signatures. Based on the signatures, the prognosis index (PI) of every patient was constructed to predict the prognostic risk. Also, gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG analysis were conducted to investigate the biological functions of these mRNAs. Glioma patients’ data in the CGGA database were introduced to validate the effectiveness of the signatures among Chinese populations. Excluding the previously reported prognostic markers of gliomas from this study, the expression of HSPA5 and MTPN were examined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical assay. Results In total, 20 mRNAs were finally selected to build PI for patients from TCGA, including 16 high-risk genes and four low-risk genes. For Chinese patients, the log-rank test p values of PI were both less than 0.0001 in two independent datasets. And the AUCs were 0.831 and 0.907 for 3 years of two datasets, respectively. Moreover, among these 20 mRNAs, 10 and 15 mRNAs also had a significant predictive effect via univariate COX analysis in CGGA_693 and CGGA_325, respectively. qRT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry assay indicated that HSPA5 and MTPN over-expressed in Glioma samples compared to normal samples. Conclusion The 20-gene signature can forecast the risk of Glioma in TCGA effectively, moreover it can also predict the risks of Chinese patients through validation in the CGGA database. HSPA5 and MTPN are possible biomarkers of gliomas suitable for all populations to improve the prognosis of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Evidence-based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhitong Bing
- Department of Computational Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Evidence-based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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