1
|
Zaki H. Rare Pediatric Genetic Case Report of X-linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia Type 1. Cureus 2023; 15:e49840. [PMID: 38164323 PMCID: PMC10758274 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare disorder that appears differently in clinical cases and can present with a variety of combinations and severities of abnormalities that can involve a variety of tissues. The disease might appear clinically as hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis, or hypodontia, among other clinical manifestations. The patient, a five-year-old boy, was seen at the Taibah University Dental Clinic and was diagnosed with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia type 1 based on clinical radiographic and genetic findings. Although there is no base data for reporting this case, the present case presentation could alert dental practitioners and expand scientific database knowledge on the dental and/or oral characteristics of this abnormality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hattan Zaki
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shamim H, Hanif S. Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e46530. [PMID: 37927739 PMCID: PMC10625439 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the developmental disturbance of ectoderm-derived tissues, organs, and accessory appendages, i.e. skin, hair, tooth, nail, and sweat glands. ED has two types hypohidrotic or anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. We report this case of classical hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) with clubbing. The association of clubbing with HED is still rare. This case report aims to discuss the etiology, clinical manifestations, and management of ectodermal dysplasia. A multidisciplinary approach is required including dentists, nutritionists, dermatologists, and physicians to manage ectodermal dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Shamim
- Dermatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Dermatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Lahore, PAK
| | - Sumera Hanif
- Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rabie EA, Sayed ISM, Amr K, Ahmed HA, Mostafa MI, Hassib NF, El-Sayed H, Zada SK, El-Kamah G. Confirmation of a Phenotypic Entity for TSPEAR Variants in Egyptian Ectodermal Dysplasia Patients and Role of Ethnicity. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1056. [PMID: 35741818 PMCID: PMC9222913 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) are hereditary disorders characterized by the disturbance of the ectodermal development of at least two of four ectodermal tissues: teeth, hair, nails and sweat glands. Clinical classification of ED is challenged by overlapping features, variable expressivity, and low number of patients, hindering full phenotypic spectrum identification. Disease-causing variants in elements of major developmental pathways, e.g., Ectodysplasin/NFκB, Wnt, and Tp63 pathways, have been identified in fewer than half of ED phenotypes. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed for ten Egyptian ED patients presenting with tooth agenesis, normal sweating, scalp hypotrichosis, and sharing characteristic facial features. WES was followed by in silico analysis of the effects of novel detected genetic variants on mRNA and protein structure. The study identified four novel rare pathogenic and likely pathogenic TSPEAR variants, a gene which was recently found to be involved in ectodermal organogenesis. A novel in-frame deletion recurred in eight patients from six unrelated families. Comparing our cohort to previously reported TSPEAR cohorts highlighted the influence of ethnicity on TSPEAR phenotypic affection. Our study expands the clinical and mutational spectrum of the growing TSPEAR associated phenotypes, and pinpoints the influence of WES and in silico tools on identification of rare disease-causing variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. Rabie
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
- Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Inas S. M. Sayed
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt; (I.S.M.S.); (M.I.M.); (N.F.H.)
| | - Khalda Amr
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mostafa I. Mostafa
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt; (I.S.M.S.); (M.I.M.); (N.F.H.)
| | - Nehal F. Hassib
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt; (I.S.M.S.); (M.I.M.); (N.F.H.)
| | - Heba El-Sayed
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Suher K. Zada
- Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Ghada El-Kamah
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics & Genome Research Division (HGGR), National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|