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Hochhausen N, Mechelinck M, Billig S, Rossaint R, Kork F. Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in-hospital mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort study in Germany. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6044. [PMID: 38472246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading chronic diseases worldwide. However, the impact of COPD on outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the data of hospitalized patients undergoing PCI in Germany between 2015 and 2019. We compared in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay and peri-interventional ventilation time (VT) in patients with and without COPD, including different COPD severity grades, COPD with exacerbation (COPDe) and infection (COPDi). We analyzed the data of 3,464,369 cases undergoing PCI. A total of 291,707 patients (8.4%) suffered from COPD. Patients suffering from COPD died more often (2.4% vs. 2.0%; p < 0.001), stayed longer hospitalized (5 days (2-10) vs. 3 days (1-6); p < 0.001), were more frequent (7.2% vs. 3.2%) and longer ventilated (26 h (7-88) vs. 23 h (5-92); p < 0.001). Surprisingly, COPD was associated with a 0.78-fold odds of in-hospital mortality and with reduced VT (- 1.94 h, 95% CI, - 4.34 to 0.43). Mild to severe COPD was associated with a lower risk of in-hospital mortality and reduced VT, whereas very severe COPD, COPDe and COPDi showed a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. We found a paradoxical association between mild to severe COPD and in-hospital mortality, whereas very severe COPD, COPDe and COPDi were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Further investigations should illuminate, whether comorbidities affect these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hochhausen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Mare Mechelinck
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Billig
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Kork
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Kumar P, Banik SP, Goel A, Chakraborty S, Bagchi M, Bagchi D. Revisiting the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Withaferin A (WA), a Novel Steroidal Lactone, W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, from Withania Somnifera (L) Dunal. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:115-130. [PMID: 37410676 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2228863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, abundant in the Indian subcontinent as Ashwagandha or winter cherry, is a herb of unprecedented therapeutic value. The number of ailments for which crude Ashwagandha extract can be used as a preventive or curative is practically limitless; and this explains why its use has been in vogue in ancient Ayurveda since at-least about four thousand years. The therapeutic potential of Ashwagandha mainly owes from its reservoir of alkaloids (isopelletierine, anaferine), steroidal lactones (withanolides) and saponins with an extra acyl group (sitoindoside VII and VIII). Withaferin A is an exceptionally potent withanolide which is found in high concentrations in W. somnifera plant extracts. The high reactivity of Withaferin A owes to the presence of a C-28 ergostane network with multiple sites of unsaturation and differential oxygenation. It interacts with the effectors of multiple signaling pathways involved in inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, cell cycle regulation and synaptic transmission and has been found to be significantly effective in inducing programmed cell death in cancer cells, restoring cognitive health, managing diabetes, alleviating metabolic disorders, and rejuvenating the overall body homeostasis. Additionally, recent studies suggest that Withaferin A (WA) has the potential to prevent viral endocytosis by sequestering TMPRSS2, the host transmembrane protease, without altering ACE-2 expression. The scope of performing subtle structural modifications in this multi-ring compound is believed to further expand its pharmacotherapeutic horizon. Very recently, a novel, heavy metal and pesticide free formulation of Ashwagandha whole herb extract, with a significant amount of WA, termed W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, has been developed. The present review attempts to fathom the present and future of this wonder molecule with comprehensive discussion on its therapeutic potential, safety and toxicity.Key teaching pointsWithania somnifera (L.) Dunal is a medicinal plant with versatile therapeutic values.The therapeutic potential of the plant owes to the presence of withanolides such as Withaferin A.Withaferin A is a C-28 ergostane based triterpenoid with multiple reactive sites of therapeutic potential.It is effective against a broad spectrum of ailments including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders and it also promotes cardiovascular and sexual health.W-ferinAmax Ashwagandha, is a heavy metal and pesticide free Ashwagandha whole herb extract based formulation with significant amount of Withaferin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Research and Development Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Samudra P Banik
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, India
| | - Apurva Goel
- Regulatory Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, India
| | - Sanjoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology/CUNY, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Manashi Bagchi
- Research & Development Department, Dr. Herbs LLC, Concord, California, USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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陈 晴, 张 鹏, 陈 叙, 邹 雁, 廖 加, 张 勤, 彭 莉, 兰 亚, 姚 于, 何 秋. [Analysis of Risk Factors of Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease in Patients With Pneumoconiosis]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:167-175. [PMID: 38322529 PMCID: PMC10839489 DOI: 10.12182/20240160107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective To explore the risk factors for developing chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods The medical records of pneumoconiosis patients admitted to an occupational disease hospital in Sichuan Province between January 2012 and November 2021 were collected. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method, or product-limit method, was used to plot the incidence curves of pulmonary heart disease in the pneumoconiosis patients. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors associated with chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis. Results A total of 885 pneumoconiosis patients were included in this study. The follow-up time was 12 to 115 months and the median follow-up time was 43 months. A total of 138 patients developed chronic pulmonary heart disease and the incidence density of pulmonary heart disease was 38.50/1000 person-years. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of pneumoconiosis inpatients developing chronic pulmonary heart disease included the following, being 50 and older (hazard ratio [HR]=1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-2.74), stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis (HR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.48-4.01), resting heart rate≥100 beats/min (HR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.63-4.21), the complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (HR=4.52, 95% CI: 2.12-9.63), underweight (HR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.48-3.87), overweight and obesity (HR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.86), and triacylglycerol (TG) (HR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.49-0.99). Conclusion Old age, stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis, high resting heart rate, low BMI, and the complication of COPD are risk factors for chronic pulmonary heart disease in pneumoconiosis patients, while overweight and obesity and TG are protective factors. Early identification of the risk factors and the adoption of the corresponding prevention measures are the key to preventing chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晴 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 鹏 张
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 叙汐 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 雁秋 邹
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 加强 廖
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 勤 张
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 莉君 彭
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 流行病与卫生统计学系 (成都 610041)Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 亚佳 兰
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 流行病与卫生统计学系 (成都 610041)Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 于勤 姚
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 流行病与卫生统计学系 (成都 610041)Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生毒理与病理学系 (成都 610041)Department of Health Toxicology and Pathology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 秋蓉 何
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 劳动卫生与环境卫生学系 (成都 610041)Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 华西职业性尘肺病队列工作组 (成都 610041)West China Occupational Pneumoconiosis Cohort Study (WCOPCS) Work Group, Chengdu 610041, China
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Wu F, Liu X. Association between body mass index and respiratory symptoms in US adults: a national cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:940. [PMID: 38195711 PMCID: PMC10776771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the development of cough, shortness of breath, and dyspnea is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between these parameters. Data from individuals who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2003 and 2012 were analyzed. Weighted logistic regression analysis and smoothed curve fitting were used to examine the correlation between BMI and respiratory symptoms. In addition, the relationship between BMI, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchial asthma was examined. Stratified analysis was used to discover inflection points and specific groups. Weighted logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting revealed a U-shaped relationship between BMI and respiratory symptoms. The U-shaped relationship in BMI was also observed in patients with bronchial asthma and COPD. Stratified analysis showed that the correlation between BMI and wheezing and dyspnea was influenced by race. In addition, non-Hispanic black individuals had a higher risk of developing cough than individuals of the other three races [OR 1.040 (1.021, 1.060), p < 0.0001], and they also exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship between BMI and bronchial asthma. However, the association of BMI with cough, wheezing, dyspnea, COPD, and asthma was not affected by sex. High or low BMI was associated with cough, shortness of breath, and dyspnea, and has been linked to bronchial asthma and COPD. These findings provide new insights into the management of respiratory symptoms and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yueyang Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Chung E, Park Y, Kim SY, Park MS, Kim YS, Lee HJ, Kang YA. Myosteatosis as a prognostic factor of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13680. [PMID: 37608053 PMCID: PMC10444847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative body composition affects the prognosis of patients with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD). However, whether the qualitative body composition obtained indirectly through computed tomography (CT) affects their prognosis is debatable. We retrospectively analyzed patients with MAC-PD who underwent non-contrast CT at MAC-PD diagnosis. The cross-sectional area of the erector spinae muscle (ESM area), the Hounsfield unit of the erector spinae muscle (ESM HU), and the cross-sectional area of subcutaneous fat (SQF area) were measured at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. Myosteatosis were defined below the median value of ESM HU for each sex. Of 377 patients, 45 (11.9%) died during the follow-up. Patients who died were older and had a lower ratio of females (33.3%). In body compositions, SQF area and ESM HU were lower in the patients who died. In multivariable analysis, a low ESM HU was associated with increased mortality (ESM HU adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93-0.97) through body composition. SQF area revealed protective effects in MAC-PD patients with body mass index ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 (aHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.00). In conclusion, the decrease in ESM HU, which indirectly reflects myosteatosis, is associated with mortality in patients with MAC-PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunki Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmok Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sam Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Ae Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yao S, Zeng L, Wang F, Chen K. Obesity Paradox in Lung Diseases: What Explains It? Obes Facts 2023; 16:411-426. [PMID: 37463570 PMCID: PMC10601679 DOI: 10.1159/000531792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a globally increasing health problem that impacts multiple organ systems and a potentially modifiable risk factor for many diseases. Obesity has a significant impact on lung function and is strongly linked to the pathophysiology that contributes to lung diseases. On the other hand, reports have emerged that obesity is associated with a better prognosis than for normal weight individuals in some lung diseases, including pneumonia, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. The lesser mortality and better prognosis in patients with obesity is known as obesity paradox. While obesity paradox is both recognized and disputed in epidemiological studies, recent research has suggested possible mechanisms. SUMMARY In this review, we attempted to explain and summarize these factors and mechanisms, including immune response, pulmonary fibrosis, lung function, microbiota, fat and muscle reserves, which are significantly altered by obesity and may contribute to the obesity paradox in lung diseases. We also discuss contrary literature that attributes the "obesity paradox" to confounding. KEY MESSAGES The review will illustrate the possible role of obesity in the prognosis or course of lung diseases, leading to a better understanding of the obesity paradox and provide hints for further basic and clinical research in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surui Yao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lei Zeng
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Kejie Chen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
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Clark LA, Klinedinst NJ, Zhu S, Seong H, Reed R, Renn C, Corazzini KN. Factors Related to Fatigue and Physical Function in COPD: A Secondary Analysis Using National Survey Data. West J Nurs Res 2023; 45:653-664. [PMID: 37114849 DOI: 10.1177/01939459231170710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is debilitating and associated with considerable morbidity. The aim of this study is to present a model based on the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms of physiologic, psychologic, and situational factors with COPD-related fatigue and the relationship with physical functioning. This study used data collected from Wave 2 (2010-2011) of the National Social, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). A total of 518 adults with self-reported COPD were included in this study. Path analysis was used for hypothesis testing. Depression was the only psychologic factor found to have a direct relation to both fatigue (β = 0.158, p < .001) and physical function (β = -0.131, p = .001). Factors related to physical function included fatigue, depression, sleep, loneliness, and pain. Additionally, fatigue was indirectly associated with physical function via depression (β = -0.064, p = .012). These findings suggest avenues for future research on predictors of COPD-related fatigue in relation to physical functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Clark
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Shijun Zhu
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hohyun Seong
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Reed
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Renn
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Alwadeai KS, Almeshari MA, Alghamdi AS, Alshehri AM, Alsaif SS, Al-Heizan MO, Alwadei MS, Alahmari AD, Algarni SS, Alotaibi TF, Alqahtani MM, Alqahtani N, Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, Homoud MM, Alhammad SA. Relationship Between Heart Disease and Obesity Indicators Among Adults: A Secondary Data Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e36738. [PMID: 37123803 PMCID: PMC10132081 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) determine obesity. Several studies have examined the association between obesity and many diseases, including heart disease, and found it to be a substantial risk factor. However, the relationship between heart disease and obesity has not been investigated. This study investigated the relationship between heart disease and obesity indicators among adults encompassing sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methodology This cross-sectional study included data from 3,574 individuals who participated in the 2011-2014 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States refresher. The presence or absence of heart conditions such as irregular heartbeat, heart murmur, heart attack, and heart failure was determined using self-reported questionnaires. The association between heart disease and obesity indicators such as BMI, WC, HC, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was investigated using linear regression. Results After controlling for all factors, the findings demonstrated a significant relationship between heart disease and BMI, WC, and HC high scores of 1.12 kg/m2, 0.63 inches, and 0.81 inches, respectively. A higher score in all obesity indicators was linked to being 65 years or older; male gender (for HC); having a school/college level of education; being unmarried, divorced, or widowed; having a history of smoking; and avoiding alcohol use. Conclusions Heart disease and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors are substantially associated with a high score in all obesity indicators. The findings of this study are important because they can assist healthcare providers in implementing different therapies to prevent high BMI, WC, HC, and WHR.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Visceral Adiposity Index as an Indicator for Menstrual Disturbance, Hormonal and Metabolic Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Cureus 2022; 14:e29796. [PMID: 36340542 PMCID: PMC9618402 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increase in visceral adiposity is characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and is the main cause of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. This study tried to compare the visceral adiposity index (VAI) in PCOS women and control population, thereby exploring its correlation with ovarian morphology, hormonal and metabolic dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reproductive-age women who fulfilled the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS constituted the cases. Control population consisted of the same number of non-PCOS women. History of menstrual irregularity and features of hyperandrogenism were noted. Overnight fasting serum hormonal profile on second day of the cycle, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and serum fasting insulin and lipid profile were obtained. Ultrasound evaluation was done simultaneously. Free androgen index (FAI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and VAI were calculated. RESULTS Serum androgen levels and OGTT were greater in PCOS women. No significant difference was noted in serum fasting glucose, fasting insulin and lipid profile between cases and controls. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher among women with PCOS. Mean ovarian volume, antral follicle count, FAI and HOMA-IR were higher in PCOS women. VAI was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. VAI demonstrated a strong negative correlation with number of menstrual cycles per year. Increasing VAI was associated with longer menstrual cycles and correlated positively with greater severity of anovulation. VAI also showed highly significant correlation with fasting blood glucose and statistically significant moderately strong positive correlation with OGTT values at two hours post glucose challenge, systolic blood pressure and mean ovarian volume. There was no demonstrable correlation between androgen levels or HOMA-IR values. CONCLUSION VAI is higher in women with PCOS. It correlates positively with features of disease severity and ovarian morphology. An assessment of VAI in PCOS women could be predictive of a greater propensity for development of classical metabolic risk factors.
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