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Liu C, Sun X, Peng J, Yu H, Lu J, Feng Y. Association between dietary vitamin A intake from different sources and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1851. [PMID: 38253816 PMCID: PMC10803811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an urgent public health issue with high global prevalence, but data on NAFLD are inconsistent. The association of total dietary vitamin A intake with the NAFLD risk was not well documented in previous studies. To explore the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake from different sources and NAFLD risk among American adults. Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2014. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to estimate the relationship between total dietary vitamin A intake and NAFLD risk. 6,613 adult participants were included. After adjusting potential confounders, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD for the highest quartile intake of total vitamin A, preformed vitamin A, provitamin A carotenoids were respectively 0.86 (0.69-1.06), 0.97 (0.74-1.28), and 0.78 (0.61-0.99), compared to the lowest quartile. Stratifying gender and age, provitamin A carotenoids intake was inversely associated with NAFLD risk in females and participants aged < 45 years. Dose-response analysis indicated a linear negative relationship between provitamin A carotenoids intake and NAFLD risk. Provitamin A carotenoids intake was inversely associated with NAFLD, especially in women and those aged < 45 years among adult American.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaona Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiqing Yu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Lu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yihui Feng
- School of Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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Zhang K, Nulali J, Zhang C, Chen Y, Cheng J, Shi X, Zhu C, Lu Y, Wang N, Han B. The association between serum vitamin A and NAFLD among US adults varied in different BMI groups: a cross-sectional study. Food Funct 2023; 14:836-844. [PMID: 36321945 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02204d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: The association between serum vitamin A (VA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been adequately studied. This study aimed to evaluate the association between them in different BMI groups among US adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets (N = 4.723). Linear/logistic regression, interaction effect and mediation analyses were adopted to analyze the association. Results: NAFLD tended to be more prevalent in adults in the middle and high tertiles of serum VA than in those in the low tertile of serum VA (OR [95% CI], 1.17 [0.94, 1.45] and 1.43 [1.16, 1.75]). In the sensitivity analysis, subjects in the middle or high tertile of serum VA had 10% (OR, 1.10 [0.88, 1.39] and 31% (OR, 1.31 [1.09, 1.58]) higher odds of NAFLD than those in the low tertile of serum VA. In the normal weight group, higher serum VA was associated with 125% and 333% higher odds of NAFLD in the middle and high tertiles, respectively, (OR, 2.25 [1.46, 3.48] and 4.33 [2.43, 7.69]) compared with the low tertile serum VA group. However, serum VA and NAFLD were not significantly associated with the obese group. Among different BMI groups (<30 compared with ≥30), serum triglycerides and insulin resistance mediated the association between VA and NAFLD in adults to varying degrees. Conclusions: In the weighted survey, serum VA was positively associated with the degree of NAFLD, especially in the non-obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayida Nulali
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Caoxu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaye Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfang Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
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Doustmohammadian A, Nouri Saeidlou S, Esfandyari S, Gholizadeh E, Maadi M, Motamed N, Ajdarkosh H, Khoonsari M, Clark CCT, Zamani F. Dietary Acid Load (DAL), Glycated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and Metabolic Syndrome (MeS) Mediate the Association of the Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean Diet (MeD) With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:921415. [PMID: 35873411 PMCID: PMC9301207 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.921415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the association of adults adhering to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet (MeD) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using structural equation modeling (SEM) in Iran. In this population-based cross-sectional study, 3,220 adults (44.65% female) aged ≥18 years were selected from the Amol Cohort Study (AmolCS). The dietary intakes were assessed by a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Residual method energy adjustment of MeD and DASH scores were calculated. Demographic characteristics and anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected. NAFLD was diagnosed by an expert radiologist via ultrasound sonography. Based on the primary hypothesis, DASH, MeD, and NAFLD were fitted into models. Metabolic syndrome (MeS) as a potential risk factor directly affected NAFLD risk in all these models. In both genders, the higher adherence to DASH negatively affected NAFLD risk indirectly through the two following paths. (1) Dietary acid load (DAL) and metabolic syndrome (2) DAL and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). In addition, the higher DAL positively affected NAFLD risk among male participants indirectly via increasing HbA1c level and MeS (from DAL to HbA1c: β = 0.07, P < 0.001; from HbA1c to MeS: β = 0.10, P < 0.001). Similarly, in both genders, the relationship between MeD and NAFLD was mediated through (1) DAL, HbA1c, and MeS and (2) DAL and MeS. Further, among male participants, the MeD and NAFLD risk were also associated via the mediators of HbA1c and MeS. In female participants, the higher MeD score was directly associated with a reduction of NAFLD risk (β = -0.07, P = 0.008). The present study found three important mediators, including DAL, HbA1c, and MeS, in the association of DASH and MeD scores with NAFLD risk. Preventive and therapeutic interventions should target the mediators, including DAL, HbA1c, MeS, and its components, to reduce NAFLD incidence in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Maadi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Motamed
- Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ajdarkosh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoodreza Khoonsari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Licata A, Zerbo M, Como S, Cammilleri M, Soresi M, Montalto G, Giannitrapani L. The Role of Vitamin Deficiency in Liver Disease: To Supplement or Not Supplement? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114014. [PMID: 34836267 PMCID: PMC8620546 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, growing interest has been shown for the impact of dietary requirements and nutritional factors on chronic diseases. As a result, nutritional programs have been reinforced by public health policies. The precise role of micronutrients in chronic liver disease is currently receiving particular attention since abnormalities in vitamin levels are often detected. At present, treatment programs are focused on correcting vitamin deficiencies, which are frequently correlated to higher rates of comorbidities with poor outcomes. The literature reviewed here indicates that liver diseases are often related to vitamin disorders, due to both liver impairment and abnormal intake. More specific knowledge about the role of vitamins in liver disease is currently emerging from various results and recent evidence. The most significant benefits in this area may be observed when improved vitamin intake is combined with a pharmacological treatment that may also affect the progression of the liver disease, especially in the case of liver tumors. However, further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Licata
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-655-2280; Fax: +39-091-655-2156
| | - Maddalena Zerbo
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Silvia Como
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Marcella Cammilleri
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Maurizio Soresi
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Internal Medicine & Hepatology Section, Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties—PROMISE, University of Palermo Medical School, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.Z.); (S.C.); (M.C.); (M.S.); (G.M.); (L.G.)
- Institute for Biochemical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Yang FC, Xu F, Wang TN, Chen GX. Roles of vitamin A in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4506-4519. [PMID: 34222419 PMCID: PMC8223857 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary macronutrients and micronutrients play important roles in human health. On the other hand, the excessive energy derived from food is stored in the form of triacylglycerol. A variety of dietary and hormonal factors affect this process through the regulation of the activities and expression levels of those key player enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid elongases, and desaturases. As a micronutrient, vitamin A is essential for the health of humans. Recently, vitamin A has been shown to play a role in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes recent research progresses about the roles of vitamin A in fatty acid synthesis. It focuses on the effects of vitamin A on the activities and expression levels of mRNA and proteins of key enzymes for fatty acid synthesis in vitro and in vivo. It appears that vitamin A status and its signaling pathway regulate the expression levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis. Future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Yang
- Food College, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical College, Huaian 223003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Tian-Nan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37909, United States
| | - Guo-Xun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37909, United States
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