A Focus on Variation in Morphology of Soft Palate Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography with Assessment of Need's Ratio in Central Madhya Pradesh Population

A Digital Cephalometric Study on The Morphometric Evaluation of Soft Palate in Oral Submucous Fibrosis

OBJECTIVE

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic precancerous condition affecting the oral cavity, which is progressive and characterised by burning sensation and fibrotic change leading to restriction of mouth opening. This study evaluated the morphology of soft palate in different stages of OSMF patients using digital lateral cephalogram and compare it with healthy individuals.

METHODS

The study included 60 subjects, who were grouped as 30 OSMF and 30 healthy subjects from the same geographic population. Digital lateral cephalograms were taken with Planmeca Proline XC (Oy, Helsinki, Finland). Soft palate morphology was evaluated using Lateral Cephalogram, and the results were analysed statistically.

RESULTS

Leaf-shaped (Type 1) soft palate was commonly seen in the control group and stage I and II OSMF. Stage III OSMF patients presented with a butt-shaped (Type 3) soft palate. As the disease progressed, there was a conversion of Type 1 variety of soft palate to Type 3 variety. There was a gradual reduction in the length of the soft palate in the anteroposterior direction in OSMF patients compared to the control group.

CONCLUSION

Early cephalometric diagnosis of soft palate changes may play a pivotal role in the overall management of OSMF.<br />.

Morphometric Evaluation of Soft Palate in OSMF Patients Using Cephalometrics

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic disease and a well-recognized potentially malignant condition of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and a progressive fibrosis of the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues. To study the morphology of soft palate in different stages of OSF on digital lateral cephalogram. To compare the changes in morphology of soft palate in OSF patients with control. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2018 on 217 patients with their age ranging from 17 to 60 years. All patients detailed clinical examination and history was taken and cephalometric evaluation was done. Type I (51.14%) was found to be the most common in OSF group followed by type II (21.86%) and type VI (13.64%). The present study highlighted the variable radiographic appearances of the soft palate on lateral cephalograms with type I as most common morphology. Cephalometric analysis is one of the most commonly accepted techniques for evaluating the soft palate in both normal individuals and in those with cleft lip and palate.

Morphological variation of the velum in children and adults using magnetic resonance imaging

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to investigate variations in velar shape according to age, sex, and race using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study sample consisted of 170 participants (85 children, 85 adults) between 4 and 34 years of age. Velar morphology was visually classified using midsagittal MRI scans for each participant by 2 independent raters. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify correlations of velar shape with sex, age, and race.

RESULTS

The most frequent velar shape was "butt" for both adults (41%) and children (58%) in this study. The least common shapes for adults were "leaf" and "S." The children did not exhibit any "leaf" or "straight" velar shapes. A statistically significant difference was noted for age with respect to velar shape (P=0.014). Sex and race were found to have no significant impact on velar shape in this study.

CONCLUSION

When using MRI to evaluate velar morphology, the "butt" shape was most common in both children and adults. Velar shape varied significantly with age, while race and sex did not have a significant impact.