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Cheng Z, Qin H, Cao W, He H, Zhang S, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zou X, Wang L, Huang X, Zhou S, Zhang S. Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging used to assess tumor microvascular changes after transarterial chemoembolization in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1114406. [PMID: 36925931 PMCID: PMC10011620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1114406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the correlation between microvascular density (MVD) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and the effect of glycolytic flux after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor. Materials and methods VX2 liver tumor allografts in 15 New Zealand white rabbits were treated with sterile saline (control group, n = 5) or lipiodol-doxorubicin emulsion (experimental group, n = 10). MRI was performed 2 weeks after the procedure to evaluate IVIM parameters, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (PF). All animal samples were taken of the tumor and surrounding liver. Immunostaining for CD31, CD34, CD105, and VEGF was used to evaluate MVD. The protein expression of Glut4, HK2, PKM2, LDHA, and MCT1 was determined using western blotting. Pearson correlation tests were used to analyze the relationship between MVD and IVIM parameters. Results D* value in the peritumoral region was negatively correlated with CD34 (r = -0.71, P = 0.01). PF value positively correlated with CD34 (r = 0.68, P = 0.015), CD105 (r = 0.76, P = 0.004) and VEGF (r = 0.72, P = 0.008) in the peritumoral region. Glut4, HK2, PKM2, and MCT1 in the peritumoral regions were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion IVIM parameters were correlated with MVD in the intratumoral and peritumoral regions after TACE in a rabbit liver tumor model. The angiogenesis reflected by MVD may be related to changes of glycolytic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Cheng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Huanrong Qin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huizhou He
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University & Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yushi Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhenmin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xun Zou
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lizhou Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xueqing Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Cheng Z, Yang Q, He H, Li R, Li X, Jiang H, Zhao X, Li J, Wang L, Zhou S, Zhang S. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging and shear wave elastography for evaluating peritumoral liver fibrosis after transarterial chemoembolization in a VX2 rabbit liver tumor model. Front Physiol 2022; 13:893925. [PMID: 36311244 PMCID: PMC9597251 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.893925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we sought to evaluate changes in peritumoral fibrosis after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM DWI) and ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE). A total of 20 rabbits underwent implantation of VX2 tumor tissues in the left lobe of the liver. The rabbits were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 10). Those in the experimental group were treated with an emulsion of lipiodol and pirarubicin through a microcatheter 2–3 weeks after implantation; those in the control group were treated with sterile water. Compared with the control group, the true diffusion coefficient (D) and pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*) values in liver tissues were significantly lower (p < 0.05 for all) and liver stiffness values (LSV) (10.58 ± 0.89 kPa) were higher in the experimental group (7.65 ± 0.86 kPa; p < 0.001). The median stage of liver fibrosis based on METAVIR scores was 1 (1,1) in the control group and 2 (2,3) in the experimental group (Z = 4.15, p < 0.001). D, D*, and LSV were significantly correlated with pathologic staining in the assessment of liver fibrosis (r = −0.54 p = 0.015; r = −0.50, p = 0.025; r = 0.91, p < 0.001; respectively). These data suggest that TACE aggravates liver injury and liver fibrosis, especially surrounding the tumor, in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model. IVIM DWI and SWE can be used to evaluate the change in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Cheng
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huizhou He
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ran Li
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongyu Jiang
- GCP Institution Office, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuya Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Institute of Image, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lizhou Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shi Zhou, ; Shuai Zhang,
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shi Zhou, ; Shuai Zhang,
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Keller S, Chapiro J, Brangsch J, Reimann C, Collettini F, Sack I, Savic LJ, Hamm B, Goldberg SN, Makowski M. Quantitative MRI for Assessment of Treatment Outcomes in a Rabbit VX2 Hepatic Tumor Model. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 52:668-685. [PMID: 31713973 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, primary and secondary liver cancer is one of the most common cancer types, accounting 8.2% of deaths worldwide in 2018. One of the key strategies to improve the patient's prognosis is the early diagnosis, when liver function is still preserved. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the typical wash-in/wash-out pattern in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reaches a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 96-100%. However, in recent years functional MRI sequences such as hepatocellular-specific gadolinium-based dynamic-contrast enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have been demonstrated to improve the evaluation of treatment success and thus the therapeutic decision-making and the patient's outcome. In the preclinical research setting, the VX2 liver rabbit tumor, which once originated from a virus-induced anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma, has played a longstanding role in experimental interventional oncology. Especially the high tumor vascularity allows assessing the treatment response of locoregional interventions such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transcatheter arterial embolization (TACE). Functional MRI has been used to monitor the tumor growth and viability following interventional treatment. Besides promising results, a comprehensive overview of functional MRI sequences used so far in different treatment setting is lacking, thus lowering the comparability of study results. This review offers a comprehensive overview of study protocols, results, and limitations of quantitative MRI sequences applied to evaluate the treatment outcome of VX2 hepatic tumor models, thus generating a unique basis for future MRI studies and potential translation into the clinical setting. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2019. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:668-685.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Keller
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julius Chapiro
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Julia Brangsch
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Reimann
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Collettini
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingolf Sack
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lynn Jeanette Savic
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shraga Nahum Goldberg
- Department of Radiology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marcus Makowski
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Zhang L, Wang N, Mao J, Liu X, Gao Z, Dai X, Feng B. Dual-Energy CT-Derived Volumetric Iodine Concentration for the Assessment of Therapeutic Response after Microwave Ablation in a Rabbit Model with Intrahepatic VX2 Tumor. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018; 29:1455-1461. [PMID: 30217747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether changes in volumetric iodine concentration (VIC) could serve as a suitable predictor of therapeutic response to microwave (MW) ablation in a rabbit intrahepatic VX2 tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen intrahepatic VX2 tumors were transplanted in 8 New Zealand White rabbits treated with MW ablation. Contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT scans were obtained at baseline and follow-up. Therapeutic response assessment by modified Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (mRECIST), Choi criteria, and VIC changes was performed. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to characterize consistency of assessment results among the criteria used. Technical success was evaluated with explant pathologic findings as a reference. Correlations between technical success and variations in diameter, CT density, and VIC were analyzed. RESULTS Disease control was observed in 4, 8, and 10 of the 16 tumors per mRECIST, Choi criteria, and VIC changes, respectively. VIC exhibited strong consistency (ICC = 0.807, P < .0001) with Choi criteria. According to explant pathology, technical success was achieved in 10 of the 16 tumors. There was a moderate correlation between VIC changes and technical success (r = 0.532, P = .034), and no correlation was found between technical success and variations in diameter or CT density. CONCLUSIONS Compared with mRECIST and Choi criteria, dual-energy CT-derived VIC allowed for better prediction of therapeutic response after MW ablation and could provide a potential imaging biomarker of tumor response to MW ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jingsong Mao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhichun Gao
- Department of Biological Technology, China Medical University-The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xu Dai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjingbei St., Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China.
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Bimonte S, Leongito M, Piccirillo M, de Angelis C, Pivonello C, Granata V, Izzo F. Radio-frequency ablation-based studies on VX2rabbit models for HCC treatment. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:38. [PMID: 27525037 PMCID: PMC4981963 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequent cancer worldwide with high morbidity, mortality and increasing incidence. It is of note that the main curative therapies for HCC are hepatic resection and transplantation although the majority of patients at the time of presentation are not eligible for resection or orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) due to the underlying cirrhosis. Currently, a variety of loco-regional therapies, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), microwave coagulation therapy (MCT), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and others, have been developed as alternative treatment options for HCC. Among these techniques, RFA is currently the most widely used treatment, due to its several advantages, such as safety and efficacy. To date, the effectiveness of RFA for HCC is reduced by the presence of residual tumor as a consequence of insufficient treatment. In order to ameliorate the effects of RFA on HCC, several in vivo studies, have been performed on its application as single or in combination treatment with drugs or others loco-regional therapies, by using rabbit VX2 liver model. This represents an ideal model of liver cancers and is widely used for imaging and other experimental studies due to the rapid growth of these tumors and their similarity to human hepatocellular carcinoma. In order to elucidate the therapeutic potential of RFA with adjuvant treatments for HCC, we reviewed the latest findings on the RFA-based studies in rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bimonte
- Division of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", - IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maddalena Leongito
- Division of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", - IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Piccirillo
- Division of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", - IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Division of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", - IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Division of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", - IRCCS, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Parvinian A, Casadaban LC, Gaba RC. Development, growth, propagation, and angiographic utilization of the rabbit VX2 model of liver cancer: a pictorial primer and "how to" guide. Diagn Interv Radiol 2015; 20:335-40. [PMID: 24834491 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2014.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The VX2 tumor is a leporine anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma characterized by rapid growth, hypervascularity, and facile propagation in the skeletal muscle. Since its introduction over 70 years ago, it has been used to model a variety of malignancies, and is commonly employed by interventional radiologists in preclinical investigations of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, despite the widespread and lasting popularity of the model, there are few technical resources detailing its use. Herein, we present a comprehensive pictorial outline of the technical methodology for development, growth, propagation, and angiographic utilization of the rabbit VX2 liver tumor model.
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Elliott JT, Samkoe KS, Gunn JR, Stewart EE, Gardner TB, Tichauer KM, Lee TY, Hoopes PJ, Pereira SP, Hasan T, Pogue BW. Perfusion CT estimates photosensitizer uptake and biodistribution in a rabbit orthotopic pancreatic cancer model: a pilot study. Acad Radiol 2015; 22:572-9. [PMID: 25683500 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES It was hypothesized that perfusion computed tomography (CT), blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), and vascular permeability surface area (PS) product parameters would be predictive of therapeutic anticancer agent uptake in pancreatic cancer, facilitating image-guided interpretation of human treatments. The hypothesis was tested in an orthotopic rabbit model of pancreatic cancer, by establishing the model, imaging with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and contrast CT, and spatially comparing the perfusion maps to the ex vivo uptake values of the injected photosensitizer, verteporfin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine New Zealand white rabbits underwent direct pancreas implantation of VX2 tumors, and CT perfusion or EUS was performed 10 days postimplantation. Verteporfin was injected during CT imaging, and the tissue was removed 1 hour postinjection for frozen tissue fluorescence scanning. Region-of-interest comparisons of CT data with ex vivo fluorescence and histopathologic staining were performed. RESULTS Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT showed enhanced BF, BV, and PS in the tumor rim and decreased BF, BV, and PS in the tumor core. Significant correlations were found between ex vivo verteporfin concentration and each of BF, BV, and PS. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of verteporfin delivery in tumors is estimated by perfusion CT, providing a noninvasive method of mapping photosensitizer dose.
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White SB, Chen J, Gordon AC, Harris KR, Nicolai JR, West DL, Larson AC. Percutaneous ultrasound guided implantation of VX2 for creation of a rabbit hepatic tumor model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123888. [PMID: 25853660 PMCID: PMC4390313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Creation of a VX2 tumor model has traditionally required a laparotomy and surgical implantation of tumor fragments. Open surgical procedures are invasive and require long procedure times and recovery that can result in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a percutaneous ultrasound guided method for creation of a VX2 model in rabbit livers. A total of 27 New Zealand white rabbits underwent a percutaneous ultrasound guided approach, where a VX2 tumor fragment was implanted in the liver. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess for tumor growth and necropsy was performed to determine rates of tract seeding and metastatic disease. Ultrasound guided tumor implantation was successful in all 27 rabbits. One rabbit died 2 days following the implantation procedure. Two rabbits had no tumors seen on follow-up imaging. Therefore, tumor development was seen in 24/26 (92%) rabbits. During the follow-up period, tract seeding was seen in 8% of rabbits and 38% had extra-hepatic metastatic disease. Therefore, percutaneous ultrasound guided tumor implantation safely provides reliable tumor growth for establishing hepatic VX2 tumors in a rabbit model with decreased rates of tract seeding, compared to previously reported methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B. White
- Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeane Chen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew C. Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kathleen R. Harris
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jodi R. Nicolai
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Derek L. West
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew C. Larson
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Kong WT, Yuan HX, Cai H, Wang WP, Tang Y, Zhang XL. Early treatment response to sorafenib for rabbit VX2 orthotic liver tumors: evaluation by quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:2593-2599. [PMID: 25448880 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2877-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and its quantification analysis for the prediction of early treatment response of sorafenib on rabbit VX2 liver tumor model. Rabbits were implanted VX2 tumor mass to establish a liver tumor model. Fourteen days after tumor implantation, rabbits presented with single liver tumor were randomly divided into two groups. Rabbits in treatment group were given by gavage once a day for 14 days with sorafenib suspension at a dose of 30 mg/kg, whereas rabbits in control group were given saline by gavage of the same volume. CEUS was performed before treatment and 3, 7, 14 days after treatment for the analysis of tumor size, enhancement pattern, and necrosis range. The time intensity curve (TIC) was used to obtain quantitative parameters of enhancement patterns. Before sorafenib administration, tumor volumes ranged from 0.24 to 0.75 cm(3) (mean 0.49 ± 0.18 cm(3)) in treatment group and 0.24 to 0.44 cm(3) (mean 0.30 ± 0.12 cm(3)) in control group. The dynamic enhancement patterns of tumors were homogeneous hyper-enhancement (n = 8), heterogeneous hyper-enhancement (n = 4), and peripheral rim-like enhancement (n = 2). All tumors of the treatment group presented with peripheral rim-like enhancement with large necrotic area after sorafenib administration, whereas tumors of the control group showed heterogeneous hyper-enhancement (n = 5) and peripheral rim-like enhancement (n = 2). There was a significant difference in area under the curve (AUC) before and after sorafenib treatment (P = 0.045). CEUS may be of value in the evaluation of early therapeutic response after sorafenib administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Kong
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Yoon YI, Kwon YS, Cho HS, Heo SH, Park KS, Park SG, Lee SH, Hwang SI, Kim YI, Jae HJ, Ahn GJ, Cho YS, Lee H, Lee HJ, Yoon TJ. Ultrasound-mediated gene and drug delivery using a microbubble-liposome particle system. Theranostics 2014; 4:1133-44. [PMID: 25250094 PMCID: PMC4165777 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic agents present a promising clinical approach for cancer detection and treatment. We herein introduce a microbubble and liposome complex (MB-Lipo) developed for ultrasound (US) imaging and activation. The MB-Lipo particles have a hybrid structure consisting of a MB complexed with multiple Lipos. The MB components are used to generate high echo signals in US imaging, while the Lipos serve as a versatile carrier of therapeutic materials. MB-Lipo allows high contrast US imaging of tumor sites. More importantly, the application of high acoustic pressure bursts MBs, which releases therapeutic Lipos and further enhances their intracellular delivery through sonoporation effect. Both imaging and drug release could thus be achieved by a single US modality, enabling in situ treatment guided by real-time imaging. The MB-Lipo system was applied to specifically deliver anti-cancer drug and genes to tumor cells, which showed enhanced therapeutic effect. We also demonstrate the clinical potential of MB-Lipo by imaging and treating tumor in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Il Yoon
- 1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
- 2. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam 463-707, South Korea
- 3. Program in Nano Science and Technology, Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Seoul National University Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Suwon 443-270, South Korea
| | - Yong-Su Kwon
- 4. Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Hee-Sang Cho
- 4. Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Heo
- 5. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Soon Park
- 5. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Park
- 5. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- 5. Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
| | - Seung Il Hwang
- 1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
- 2. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam 463-707, South Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- 1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Hwan Jun Jae
- 1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Gook-Jun Ahn
- 7. Laboratory animal center, KBIO Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 363-951, South Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- 8. Department of Gastroenterology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu 480-717, South Korea
| | - Hakho Lee
- 9. Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hak Jong Lee
- 1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
- 2. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam 463-707, South Korea
- 3. Program in Nano Science and Technology, Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Seoul National University Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Suwon 443-270, South Korea
- 10. Nanoimaging and Therapy Research Center, Institute of Nanoconvergence, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University
| | - Tae-Jong Yoon
- 4. Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life Science, CHA University, Pocheon 135-081, South Korea
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11
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Liu Y, Akers WJ, Bauer AQ, Mondal S, Gullicksrud K, Sudlow GP, Culver JP, Achilefu S. Intraoperative detection of liver tumors aided by a fluorescence goggle system and multimodal imaging. Analyst 2014; 138:2254-7. [PMID: 23467534 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Real-time image guidance in the operating room is needed to improve instantaneous surgical decisions. Toward this goal, we utilized a new fluorescence goggle system and a near-infrared fluorescent dye approved for human use, indocyanine green, to demonstrate the feasibility of detecting liver tumors intraoperatively. The fluorescence goggle provided successful imaging of multifocal breast cancer metastases in mouse liver. Diffused tumor deposits as small as 0.8 mm in diameter were detected, which were not obvious without the fluorescence goggle. A combination of surface-weighted fluorescence imaging and deep tissue-sensitive ultrasound imaging allowed comprehensive image guidance with the fluorescence goggle system for tumor resection in a rabbit VX2 liver metastasis model. This multimodal detection and guided surgical intervention strategy using ultrasonic imaging and real-time intraoperative fluorescence guidance is a promising and innovative technology platform for improving surgical outcome of human patients with primary or metastatic liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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12
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Zhou P, Zhou P, He W, Wang LH, Li XH, Tian SM, Qian Y, Chen LR. The influence of blood supply on high intensity focused ultrasound a preliminary study on rabbit hepatic VX2 tumors of different ages. Acad Radiol 2012; 19:40-7. [PMID: 22054807 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the effects of blood supply on high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) applied to rabbit hepatic VX2 tumors of different ages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen rabbits with VX2 hepatic tumors were randomly divided into three groups according to the time of sacrifice after tumor implantation: 10, 15, or 20 days. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed immediately before HIFU ablation. The same settings for HIFU dose parameters were used to ablate the central tumor area in each group, and the real-time temperature of the targeted site of the tumor was measured. After HIFU, the coagulation necrosis volumes of tumor tissue and the microvascular density of residual tumor tissue were determined. RESULTS Histopathologic analysis showed that the extent of a tumor's blood supply followed the order 10-day group > 15-day group > 20-day group (P < .01). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed the same results. There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups in terms of temperature-increase parameters during HIFU treatment (P > .05). However, there were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of temperature-decrease parameters during HIFU treatment and in terms of necrosis volumes after HIFU treatment (P < .05). Necrosis volume was inversely related to absolute enhanced intensity (r = -0.823, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The extent of a tumor's blood supply had a significant effect on the temperature-decrease phase but not on the temperature-increase phase during HIFU treatment. The longer the temperature-decrease phase, the more slowly heat dissipated after HIFU, resulting in larger coagulation necrosis volumes.
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13
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Chen YK, Lin LM. DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinoma and VX2-induced rabbit cancer as a model for human oral carcinogenesis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2011; 10:1485-96. [PMID: 20836683 DOI: 10.1586/era.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we have described and compared the advantages and disadvantages of two potential animal cancer models (the hamster buccal pouch cancer model and the VX2-induced rabbit cancer model) for human squamous cell carcinomas of the oral mucosa. Currently, no animal cancer model is perfectly applicable to human oral squamous cell carcinomas. This is because the hamster buccal pouch cancer model has a different etiology and genetic constitution compared with human oral carcinomas. In addition, the VX2-induced rabbit cancer model is not produced in situ and, consequently, its natural behavior is totally reliant on the location of transplantation. Nonetheless, with the use of these two animal cancer models together, researchers could evaluate different aspects of the cellular and molecular biological characteristics or assess potential novel treatment regimens for squamous cell carcinomas of the human oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk-Kwan Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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14
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Glazer ES, Zhu C, Hamir AN, Borne A, Thompson CS, Curley SA. Biodistribution and acute toxicity of naked gold nanoparticles in a rabbit hepatic tumor model. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:459-68. [PMID: 20854190 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.516026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a paucity of data regarding the safety of administering solid gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in large animal tumor models. We assessed the acute toxicity and biodistribution of 5 nm and 25 nm solid AuNPs in New Zealand White rabbits (n = 6 in each) with implanted liver Vx2 tumors 24 h after intravenous injection. Gold concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) and imaged with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). There was no clinico-pathologic evidence of renal, hepatic, pulmonary, or other organ dysfunction. After 25 nm AuNP administration, the concentration of white blood cells increased after treatment (p = 0.001). Most other blood studies were unchanged. AuNPs were distributed to the spleen, liver, and Vx2 tumors, but not to other tissues. The urinary excretion of AuNPs was bimodal as measured by ICP. 25 nm AuNPs were more evenly distributed throughout tissues and may be better tools for medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan S Glazer
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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