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Asakura H, Yamamoto S, Yamada K, Kawase J, Nakamura H, Abe KI, Sasaki Y, Ikeda T, Nomoto R. Quantitative detection and genetic characterization of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in fresh chicken meats at retail in Japan. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1014212. [PMID: 36299715 PMCID: PMC9589359 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1014212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are one of the leading causes of gastrointestinal illnesses, and which are considered to be transmitted to humans mainly from chicken meats. Considering the less availability of quantitative contamination data in the retail chicken meats in Japan, 510 fresh chicken meats retailed at five distinct regions in Japan between June 2019 and March 2021 were examined. The quantitative testing resulted that 45.7% of the samples (254/510) were positive at mean ± standard deviation of 1.15 ± 1.03 logCFU/g, whereas 43 samples (8.4%) exceeded 3.0 logCFU/g. Seasonal comparison revealed increased bacterial counts in fall compared with spring and summer. As for the chicken slaughter age, those slaughtered at >75 days old were less contaminated than those at <75 days old. Genome sequencing analyses of 111 representative C. jejuni isolates resulted in the detection of three antimicrobial resistance genes (gyrA substitution T86I, tetO and blaOXA-61) at 25.2, 27.9 and 42.3%, respectively. In silico MLST analysis revealed the predominance of sequence types (ST)-21 clonal complex (CC), followed by ST-45CC and ST-464CC. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic tree largely classified the sequenced C. jejuni isolates into two clusters (I and II), where all C. jejuni from highly contaminated samples (STs-21CC, -22CC and -45CC) belonged to cluster I, independent of both season and slaughter age. To our knowledge, this is the first example to study the current status of Campylobacter contamination levels in fresh chicken meats retailed in Japan. Our data would be contributable to future quantitative microbial risk assessment, to establish effective control measures for campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hiroshi Asakura,
| | - Shiori Yamamoto
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamada
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Kawase
- Department of Bacteriology, Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kou-ichiro Abe
- Kawasaki City Institute of Public Health, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sasaki
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikeda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nomoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe Institute of Health, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Rousou X, Furuya-Kanamori L, Kostoulas P, Doi SAR. Diagnostic accuracy of multiplex nucleic acid amplification tests for Campylobacter infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathog Glob Health 2022; 117:259-272. [PMID: 35815907 PMCID: PMC10081061 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2097830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter infection is one of the most frequently reported foodborne diseases with approximately 230,000 and 1.5 million cases each year in Europe and the USA, respectively. Culture methods are the reference for the diagnosis of Campylobacter infections; however, these methods are complex and time-consuming. Multiplex nucleic acid amplification test is favored due to its rapidity, automatization in the procedure followed and the quick simultaneous testing of numerous foodborne pathogens. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the accuracy of these tests for the diagnosis of Campylobacter infection. Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and Mendeley were searched for peer-reviewed articles. The split component synthesis method with the use of the inverse variance heterogeneity model was chosen for the quantitative meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis was performed by age category and index test. The literature search found 34 studies involving 28,105 patients with suspected gastroenteritis. The sensitivity and specificity were 95.3% (92.3; 97.1) and 97.1% (95.1; 98.3), respectively, and AUC (area under the curve) was 0.963 (0.947; 0.974). Pediatric patients had a lower sensitivity (87.4, 48.2; 98.1) and higher specificity (99.2, 91.6; 99.9) estimate compared to all ages category (sensitivity 95.3, 91.3; 97.5, specificity 96.7, 93.7; 98.3). Among the various index tests, Seeplex/Allplex and Amplidiag/Novodiag had the lowest estimate for sensitivity (88.9, 73.8; 95.8) and specificity (95.2, 86; 98.4), respectively. BDMax had the highest (sensitivity 98.1, 96.1; 99 and specificity 98.5, 97; 99.3). Multiplex nucleic acid tests showed excellent accuracy and could play an influential role in diagnosing Campylobacter infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthoula Rousou
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Public and One Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Luis Furuya-Kanamori
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Polychronis Kostoulas
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Public and One Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Suhail A R Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Mizuno T, Ikeda T, Noda M, Iwama E, Yamaguchi T, Kameyama Y. Development and Effective Utilization of a Rapid Multiplex Real-Time PCR of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli for Food Poisoning Cases. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 19:126-135. [PMID: 34726510 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) causes diarrheal symptoms in humans. The comprehensive detection of DEC from feces using SYBR Green real-time PCR assay requires multiple runs. Moreover, PCR screening can have discrepancies related to the conformance between the results from PCR screening and culturing. We aimed to develop a real-time PCR for the comprehensive testing of DEC for diagnostic support that can be used in any general laboratory and proposed its effective utilization. We tested specificity for the designed primer sets using 100 strains. Moreover, screening and isolation of DEC were performed using the proposed multiplex real-time PCR system for 308 fecal samples collected from 37 food poisoning incidences that occurred in Gifu Prefecture, Japan from 2017 to 2019. Furthermore, the factor of discrepant results between PCR screening and culturing was analyzed by quantifying the number of DEC cell and whole E. coli cell using real-time PCR for 47 PCR screening-positive fecal samples. The results obtained from the developed multiplex real-time PCR system were in 99% concordance with those from the conventional techniques. A total of 49 fecal samples were detected with virulence genes for the screening. Of the samples which were positive with virulence genes by PCR screening, 38.3% could not be detected from the strain for bacterial culture. We found that the culturing positive samples were significantly high in numbers for the DEC cells, but no significant difference was noted in the whole E. coli cells with culturing negative samples. The multiplex real-time PCR developed in this study was found to be rapid and practical for DEC testing. The PCR screening for DEC using this method can provide rapid information toward the diagnostic support of DEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Mizuno
- Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikeda
- Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Makiko Noda
- Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eri Iwama
- Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamaguchi
- Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kameyama
- Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Health and Environmental Sciences, Gifu, Japan
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Bonny SQ, Hossain MAM, Uddin SMK, Pulingam T, Sagadevan S, Johan MR. Current trends in polymerase chain reaction based detection of three major human pathogenic vibrios. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1317-1335. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1841728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Quazi Bonny
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. A. Motalib Hossain
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syed Muhammad Kamal Uddin
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiruchelvi Pulingam
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Sagadevan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafie Johan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhong Y, Wang Y, Zhao T, He X, Ke Y, Liu W, Zou D. Multiplex real-time SYBR Green I PCR assays for simultaneous detection of 15 common enteric pathogens in stool samples. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101619. [PMID: 32562853 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diarrheal diseases account for more than 50% of foodborne diseases worldwide, the majority of which occur in infants and young children. The traditional bacterial detection method is complex and time-consuming; therefore, it is necessary to establish a rapid and convenient detection method that can detect multiple pathogens simultaneously. In this study, we developed a set of five multiplex real-time SYBR Green I PCR assays to simultaneously detect 15 common enteric pathogens based on the Homo-Tag Assisted Non-Dimer system. These assays effectively reduced primer-dimer formation and improved the stability, uniformity, and amplification efficiency of multiplex PCR. The detection limit of the multiplex SYBR Green I PCR system was approximately 104-106 CFU/mL for stool specimens. Furthermore, we vitrified heat-unstable components on the cap of a reaction tube, showing that Taq DNA polymerase, dNTPs, primers, and SYBR Green I remained stable at 25 °C. In summary, we developed multiplex SYBR Green I PCR assays that can simultaneously detect 15 enteric pathogens. This method is comprehensive, rapid, inexpensive, accurate, and simple and displays high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zhong
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Yongxia Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Dayang Zou
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China.
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Maruoka H, Hinenoya A, Yasuda N, Takeda A, Inoue S, Sumi T, Koitabashi K, Yasue H, Kogou K, Yamasaki S. Evaluation of the GeneFields® EHEC/SS PCR dipstick DNA chromatography kit for the detection of enteric bacterial pathogens in stool specimens of healthy humans. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 161:111-117. [PMID: 31054865 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a new GeneFields® EHEC/SS PCR dipstick DNA chromatography kit for the simultaneously detection of invA, ipaH, and stx genes in Salmonella enterica (56 strains), Shigella spp. (44), and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) (28), respectively, and evaluated the sensitivity and specificity with other bacteria (57) by this kit. The sensitivity and specificity were 100%, respectively. The detection limit of various methods was determined using 5% (w/v) stool suspensions spiked with each bacterium. The detection limit of the GeneFields® EHEC/SS kit ranged from approximately 102-103 CFU/g. Additionally, the relative sensitivities and specificities of the GeneFields® EHEC/SS kit vs two commercially available real-time PCR kits were >85.0% and >90.0%, respectively. These results indicate that the GeneFields® EHEC/SS kit can be used for genetic screening of S. enterica, Shigella spp., and EHEC in human stool specimens with sensitivities and specificities similar to those of the commercially available real-time PCR kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Maruoka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano-shi, Osaka, Japan; Technical Research Laboratory, KURABO INDUSTRIES LTD., Neyagawa, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hinenoya
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noritomo Yasuda
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuyoshi Takeda
- TOHO Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Osaka, Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Inoue
- TOHO Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Osaka, Naniwa-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sumi
- Japan Institute of Foods Ecology, Inc., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yasue
- Tsukuba GeneTechnology Laboratories Inc., Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kogou
- Bio-Medical Department, Advanced Technology Division, KURABO INDUSTRIES LTD., Neyagawa, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano-shi, Osaka, Japan.
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Chowdhury G, Stine OC, Rajendran K, Mukhopadhyay AK, Okamoto K, Ramamurthy T. Detection of Uncommon Enteric Bacterial Pathogens from Acute Diarrheal Specimens Using SYBR-Green Real Time PCR. Jpn J Infect Dis 2018; 72:88-93. [PMID: 30381678 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2018.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute diarrheal disease is a major health problem, and the second most common cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Conventional diagnostic methods are laborious, time consuming, and occasionally inaccurate. We used SYBR-Green real-time PCR for the detection of 10 uncommon bacterial pathogens using fecal specimens from acute diarrheal patients. In the SYBR-Green real-time PCR assay, the products formed were identified based on a melting point temperature curve analysis, and the assay was validated with the respective reference strain. In a retrospective study, we tested 1,184 stool specimens previously examined using conventional culture methods. Enterotoxigenic Bacteriodes fragilis was detected in 6.7% of the samples followed by enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus (5.1%), Clostridium perfringens (3.9%), and Aeromonas hydrophila (3.8%). In the prospective study, A. hydrophila, Staphylococcus aureus, and C. perfringens were predominantly detected in 11 > 5 years of age, using real-time PCR. The real-time PCR assay is comprehensive, rapid, accurate, and well suited for surveillance or diagnostic purposes to detect uncommon bacterial pathogens, and should be useful in initiating appropriate care and thereby reducing patient risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Chowdhury
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
| | - Oscar C Stine
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland
| | - Krishnan Rajendran
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
| | | | - Keinosuke Okamoto
- Research Center of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases in India, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
| | - Thandavarayan Ramamurthy
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases.,Translational Health Science and Technology Institute
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Kawase J, Asakura H, Kurosaki M, Oshiro H, Etoh Y, Ikeda T, Watahiki M, Kameyama M, Hayashi F, Kawakami Y, Murakami Y, Tsunomori Y. Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis Based on Real-Time PCR Cycle Threshold Value for the Identification of Campylobacter jejuni, astA Gene-Positive Escherichia coli, and eae Gene-Positive E. coli. Jpn J Infect Dis 2017; 71:79-84. [PMID: 29093317 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2017.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We previously developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay (Rapid Foodborne Bacterial Screening 24 ver.5, [RFBS24 ver.5]) for simultaneous detection of 24 foodborne bacterial targets. Here, to overcome the discrepancy of the results from RFBS24 ver.5 and bacterial culture methods (BC), we analyzed 246 human clinical samples from 49 gastroenteritis outbreaks using RFBS24 ver.5 and evaluated the correlation between the cycle threshold (CT) value of RFBS24 ver.5 and the BC results. The results showed that the RFBS24 ver.5 was more sensitive than BC for Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli harboring astA or eae, with positive predictive values (PPV) of 45.5-87.0% and a kappa coefficient (KC) of 0.60-0.92, respectively. The CTs were significantly different between BC-positive and -negative samples (p < 0.01). All RFBS24 ver.5-positive samples were BC-positive under the lower confidence interval (CI) limit of 95% or 99% for the CT of the BC-negative samples. We set the 95% or 99% CI lower limit to the determination CT (d-CT) to discriminate for assured BC-positive results (d-CTs: 27.42-30.86), and subsequently the PPVs (94.7%-100.0%) and KCs (0.89-0.95) of the 3 targets were increased. Together, we concluded that the implication of a d-CT-based approach would be a valuable tool for rapid and accurate diagnoses using the RFBS24 ver.5 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kawase
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Hiroshi Asakura
- Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Morito Kurosaki
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Hitoshi Oshiro
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Yoshiki Etoh
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences
| | | | | | | | - Fumi Hayashi
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Yuta Kawakami
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Yoshie Tsunomori
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science
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