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Ho JL, Roberts J, Payne GH, Holzum DN, Wilkoff H, Tran T, Cobb CD, Moore TD, Lee KC. Systematic literature review of the impact of psychiatric pharmacists. Ment Health Clin 2024; 14:33-67. [PMID: 38312443 PMCID: PMC10836561 DOI: 10.9740/mhc.2024.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pharmacists focusing on psychotropic medication management and practicing across a wide variety of healthcare settings have significantly improved patient-level outcomes. The Systematic Literature Review Committee of the American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists was tasked with compiling a comprehensive database of primary literature highlighting the impact of psychiatric pharmacists on patient-level outcomes. Methods A systematic search of literature published from January 1, 1961, to December 31, 2022, was conducted using PubMed and search terms based on a prior American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists literature review. Publications describing patient-level outcome results associated with pharmacist provision of care in psychiatric/neurologic settings and/or in relation to psychotropic medications were included. The search excluded articles for which there was no pharmacist intervention, no psychiatric disorder treatment, no clinical outcomes, no original research, no access to full text, and/or no English-language version. Results A total of 4270 articles were reviewed via PubMed, with 4072 articles excluded based on title, abstract, and/or full text in the initial pass and 208 articles selected for inclusion. A secondary full-text review excluded 11 additional articles, and 5 excluded articles were ultimately included based on a secondary review, for a final total of 202 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. A comprehensive database of these articles was compiled, including details on their study designs and outcomes. Discussion The articles included in the final database had a wide range of heterogeneity. While the overall impact of psychiatric pharmacists was positive, the study variability highlights the need for future publications to have more consistent, standardized outcomes with stronger study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Ho
- Clinical Pharmacist, St. Peter Regional Treatment Center, St. Peter, Minnesota
- Director of Strategic Initiatives, American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists, Lincoln, Nebraska
- Pain Management/Substance Use Disorder Clinical Pharmacy Practitioner, VISN 20 Clinical Resource Hub, Boise, Idaho
- Clinical Pharmacy Specialist- Behavioral Health, Adventist HealthCare Shady Grove Medical Center, Rockville, Maryland
- Medical Science Liaison, Medical Affairs, Braeuburn, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania; Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois
- Founder and Consultant, Capita Consulting, Billings, Montana
- National Program Manager, Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Practice Integration and Model Advancement Pharmacy Benefits Management (PBM), Colorado
- Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, California
| | - Jenna Roberts
- Clinical Pharmacist, St. Peter Regional Treatment Center, St. Peter, Minnesota
| | - Gregory H Payne
- Director of Strategic Initiatives, American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Dorothy N Holzum
- Pain Management/Substance Use Disorder Clinical Pharmacy Practitioner, VISN 20 Clinical Resource Hub, Boise, Idaho
| | - Hannah Wilkoff
- Clinical Pharmacy Specialist- Behavioral Health, Adventist HealthCare Shady Grove Medical Center, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tran Tran
- Medical Science Liaison, Medical Affairs, Braeuburn, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania; Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois
| | - Carla D Cobb
- Founder and Consultant, Capita Consulting, Billings, Montana
| | - Tera D Moore
- National Program Manager, Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Practice Integration and Model Advancement Pharmacy Benefits Management (PBM), Colorado
| | - Kelly C Lee
- Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, California
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Stuhec M, Batinic B. Clinical pharmacist interventions in the transition of care in a mental health hospital: case reports focused on the medication reconciliation process. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1263464. [PMID: 38205081 PMCID: PMC10777203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1263464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition of care represents a key point in the hospital admission and discharge process. A comprehensive transition could lead to fewer medication-related problems. The hospital clinical pharmacist could help in the transition of care process with a comprehensive medication reconciliation process, which has been poorly described in mental health hospitals. This study presents two clinical cases in which hospital clinical pharmacists identified omitted medications and other medication-related issues, including medication errors, during the transition of care in a mental health hospital. These positive experiences may encourage other countries to establish similar collaborations with hospital clinical pharmacists in mental health hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Stuhec
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Ormoz Psychiatric Hospital, Ormoz, Slovenia
| | - Borjanka Batinic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Stuhec M, Hahn M, Taskova I, Bayraktar I, Fitzgerald I, Molitschnig L, Tatarević A, Lindner N, Agnoletto L, da Costa FA. Clinical pharmacy services in mental health in Europe: a commentary paper of the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy Special Interest Group on Mental Health. Int J Clin Pharm 2023; 45:1286-1292. [PMID: 37755642 PMCID: PMC10600282 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A large proportion of the world's disease burden is attributable to mental illnesses. Although effective interventions are available, many patients still have limited access to evidence-based treatments. Aside from access, treatment gaps, including inappropriate medication selection and monitoring, are also routinely recognised. Mental health clinical pharmacists can help address these gaps and enable patients to receive optimised pharmaceutical care, particularly appropriate medication selection and monitoring. The European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) Special Interest Group on Mental Health was established to improve standardised service provision in mental health settings across Europe. The Special Interest Group identified significant barriers (predominantly associated with reimbursement and position within the multidisciplinary team) to effective pharmaceutical care amongst those with mental illnesses. This commentary presents recommendations to address these gaps through improved mental health clinical pharmacy service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Stuhec
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Maribor, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Ormoz Psychiatric Hospital, Ormoz, Slovenia.
| | - M Hahn
- Department of Mental Health, Varisano Hospital Frankfurt Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - I Taskova
- Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Bayraktar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - I Fitzgerald
- Pharmacy Department, St Patrick's University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - L Molitschnig
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital of Elisabethians, Graz, Austria
| | | | - N Lindner
- Pharmacy Department, Vienna General Hospital-Medical University Campus, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Agnoletto
- Hospital Pharmacy, Rovigo Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - F Alves da Costa
- Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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