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Samaryn E, Galińska-Skok B, Nobis A, Zalewski D, Maciejczyk M, Gudowska-Sawczuk M, Mroczko B, Zalewska A, Waszkiewicz N. The Effect of Antidepressant Treatment on Neurocognitive Functions, Redox and Inflammatory Parameters in the Context of COVID-19. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7049. [PMID: 38002663 PMCID: PMC10671940 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important component of the etiopathology of depression that uses oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) and elevated inflammatory markers. SARS-CoV-2 infection is also associated with abnormal inflammatory processes, which may impair effective treatment of depression in COVID-19 survivors. In the presented study, thirty-three hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were started on antidepressant treatment, and twenty-one were re-evaluated after 4-6 weeks. The control group consisted of thirty healthy volunteers. All participants underwent neuropsychiatric evaluation, biochemical blood and urine analyses. The results of the research demonstrated positive correlations of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scores with serum catalase (CAT) and urinary S-Nitrosothiols levels, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores with serum reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Depressed patients with a history of COVID-19 prior to the treatment had higher urinary nitric oxide (NO) levels and lower serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. In the control group, COVID-19 survivors had higher levels of urinary N-formylkynurenine (NFK). Our results suggest that the antidepressant treatment has a modulating effect on O&NS, reduces depressive symptoms and improves cognitive functions The present study does not indicate that clinical response to antidepressant treatment is associated with COVID-19 history and baseline SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Nevertheless, further research in this area is needed to systematize antidepressant treatment in COVID-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Samaryn
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-272 Bialystok, Poland (D.Z.)
| | - Beata Galińska-Skok
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-272 Bialystok, Poland (D.Z.)
| | - Aleksander Nobis
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-272 Bialystok, Poland (D.Z.)
| | - Daniel Zalewski
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-272 Bialystok, Poland (D.Z.)
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-022 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Napoleon Waszkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-272 Bialystok, Poland (D.Z.)
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Siddarth P, Funes CM, Laird KT, Ercoli L, Lavretsky H. Predictors of Cognitive Improvement Following Treatment for Late-Life Depression. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34:162-168. [PMID: 32208884 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720915515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive impairment is frequently comorbid with late-life depression (LLD) and often persists despite remission of mood symptoms with antidepressant treatment. Increasing understanding of factors that predict improvement of cognitive symptoms in LLD is useful to inform treatment recommendations. METHODS We used data from 2 randomized clinical trials of geriatric depression to examine the relationships between sociodemographic factors (resilience, quality of life) and clinical factors (age of depression onset, severity of depression, apathy) with subsequent cognitive outcomes. One hundred sixty-five older adults with major depression who had completed one of 2 clinical trials were included: (1) methylphenidate plus placebo, citalopram plus placebo, and citalopram plus methylphenidate or (2) citalopram combined with Tai Chi or health education. A comprehensive neuropsychiatric battery was administered; 2 measures of cognitive improvement were examined, one defined as an increase in general cognitive performance score of at least 1 standard deviation and the other 0.5 standard deviation pre-post treatment. RESULTS At posttreatment, 59% of participants had remitted, but less than a third of those who remitted showed cognitive improvement (29%). Cognitive improvement was observed in 18% of nonremitters. Lower baseline depression severity, greater social functioning, and depression onset prior to 60 years of age were significantly associated with cognitive improvement. None of the other measures, including baseline apathy, resilience, and depression remission status, were significantly associated with cognitive improvement. CONCLUSIONS Lower severity of depression, earlier onset, and greater social functioning may predict improvement in cognitive functioning with treatment for depression in LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Siddarth
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at 8783UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia M Funes
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at 8783UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Banner University Medical Center Phoenix, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kelsey T Laird
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at 8783UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda Ercoli
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at 8783UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at 8783UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Barczyk ZA, Douglas KM, Porter RJ. Baseline predictors of cognitive change in the treatment of major depressive episode: systematic review. BJPsych Open 2020; 6:e131. [PMID: 33121560 PMCID: PMC7745238 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a core feature of depression and has a negative effect on a person's functioning, in psychosocial and interpersonal areas, and on workforce performance. Cognitive impairment often persists, even with the remittance of mood symptoms. One potential way of improving treatment of cognitive impairment would be to identify variables that predict cognitive change in patients with depression. AIMS To systematically examine findings from studies that investigate baseline variables and how they predict, or correlate with, cognitive change in mood disorders, and to examine methodological issues from these studies. METHOD Studies that directly measured associations between at least one baseline variable and change in cognitive outcome in patients with current major depressive episode were identified using PubMed and Web of Science databases. Narrative review technique was used because of the heterogeneity of patient samples, outcome measures and study procedures. The review was registered on PROSPERO with registration number CRD42020150975. RESULTS Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence from the present review for prediction of cognitive change from baseline variables was limited for demographic factors, with some preliminary evidence for depression, cognitive and biological factors. Identification of patterns across studies was difficult because of methodological variability across studies. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the present review suggest there may be some baseline variables that are useful in predicting cognitive change in mood disorders. This is an area warranting further research focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe A Barczyk
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Katie M Douglas
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Richard J Porter
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago; and Clinical Research Unit, Canterbury District Health Board, New Zealand
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Hahm MH, Woo J. Paradoxical Motor and Cognitive Function Recovery in Response to Zolpidem in a Patient with Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury: A Case Report. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 17:453-457. [PMID: 31352715 PMCID: PMC6705110 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.3.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report an extremely rare case of a patient with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury who recovered consciousness and motor and cognitive functions due to paradoxical response after zolpidem administration. A 32-year-old woman who had attempted suicide by hanging was admitted. The patient had stabilized in a state of drowsy mentality, quadriparesis, dysphagia, and impaired cognition. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and unilateral infarction in the right posterior cerebral artery territory. Due to sleep disturbance, zolpidem was administered, and paradoxically consciousness level and function returned to near-normal during the duration of the drug-effect. In addition to previous reports, our case characteristically showed remarkable motor and cognitive function recovery, not only consciousness level. The drug-effect time was gradually decreased after 18 months and absent after 3 years. We have reviewed related literature and discussed possible neuropharmacological and neurobiological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hun Hahm
- Departments of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Kore
| | - Jungmin Woo
- Departments of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Lee K, Song HC, Choi EJ, Pae CU, Kim YK. Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorder in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 17:183-188. [PMID: 30905118 PMCID: PMC6478077 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.2.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective Posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTED), a subgroup of an adjustment disorder, is a feeling with anger and helplessness. Hemodialysis may be a trigger event leading to PTED. We investigated the prevalence of PTED in patients with each categorized stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the association between PTED and depression and functional impairment. Methods Patients were categorized into three groups according to the stages of CKD (stage I–II, III–IV, and V). CKD (I–II) group was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 ml/min/1.73 m2, CKD (III–IV) group as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and CKD (V) group as CKD stage V including patients ongoing hemodialysis. Patients were assessed for the prevalence of PTED, depression, and decreased quality of life by using the scale of PTED, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and EuroQol Five Dimensional Questionnaires, Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5D-VAS), respectively. Results A total of 445 patients were analyzed. The number of patients in CKD (I–II) was 166, CKD (III–IV) was 172, and CKD (V) was 107. Multivariate analysis by binomial logistic regression demonstrated that CKD (V) was significantly associated with the prevalence of PTED (odds ratio, 4.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.56–15.6; p=0.006) after adjustment for age, gender, and diabetes mellitus. Also, a significant correlation existed between PTED and EQ-5D-VAS in all stages, but the correlation was nonsignificant between PTED and PHQ-9 score in group CKD (V). Conclusion The findings suggest that PTED is underdiagnosed in CKD patients. Acknowledgment and diagnosis of PTED in CKD patients may lead to a better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Chul Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Euy Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi-Un Pae
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Cell Death Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Cell Death Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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