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Boccardo A, Compiani R, Baldi G, Pravettoni D, Grossi S, Sala G, Taylor S, Neville E, Sgoifo Rossi C. Effects of a supplemental calcareous marine algae bolus
on blood calcium concentration in dairy heifers. J Anim Feed Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/144919/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pravettoni D, Buczinski S, Sala G, Ferrulli V, Bianchi F, Boccardo A. Short communication: Diagnostic accuracy of focused lung ultrasonography as a rapid method for the diagnosis of respiratory disease in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4929-4935. [PMID: 33663827 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study estimates the accuracy of the focused lung ultrasound (FLUS) compared with systematic thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) as the reference test for diagnosing pneumonia in pre- and postweaned dairy calves. One hundred thirty-five Holstein Friesian calves, aged between 1 to 6 mo were enrolled and were kept in the same pen with one or more animals showing signs of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). One operator performed FLUS on each calf, and then a second, blinded operator performed TUS on the same calf. For the FLUS, we only scanned the lung lobes that are most frequently affected during BRDC and are thus easier to detect, such as the caudal aspect of the cranial lobe of the left lung (fifth and fourth left intercostal spaces; ICS), the middle lobe of the right lung (fifth right ICS), and the caudal aspect of the cranial lobe of the right lung (fourth right ICS). Pneumonia was diagnosed when a calf had a minimum of one small lobular lung lesion that was at least 1 cm deep within a normally aerated lobe (TUS score of ≥2). Diagnostic accuracy indexes of the FLUS were calculated using TUS as the gold standard. The McNemar test was performed to evaluate the differences between the 2 techniques. In addition, an intertest agreement was assessed using the weighted kappa test. A total of 76 out of 135 calves had a TUS score of ≥2 and were therefore considered to be affected by BRDC. The FLUS had a sensitivity of 81.6% (95% CI = 71.0-89.5%), specificity = 100% (95% CI = 93.9-100%), positive predictive value was 100%, negative predictive value was 96.6% (95% CI = 94.7---97.9%), and accuracy was 97% (95% CI = 92.6-99.2%). The McNemar test highlighted a difference of 10.3% between the FLUS and TUS. The agreement between the TUS and FLUS was substantial (weighted kappa test 0.78). Although FLUS shows some limitations in diagnosing lung lesions associated with BRDC compared with the systematic approach, this study shows that the focused method could be used as an additional tool for evaluating consolidation, especially when examining a large number of postweaned dairy calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pravettoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - S Buczinski
- Département de Sciences Cliniques, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 2M2, Québec, Canada
| | - G Sala
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
| | - V Ferrulli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - F Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - A Boccardo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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McKee C, Boccardo A, Hamilton C, Lallas C, Smolock A, Shaw C. Abstract No. 514 Renal mass ablation in the octogenarian and nonagenarian population. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bonelli F, Meucci V, Divers TJ, Boccardo A, Pravettoni D, Meylan M, Belloli AG, Sgorbini M. Plasma procalcitonin concentration in healthy calves and those with septic systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Vet J 2018; 234:61-65. [PMID: 29680395 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of sepsis in calves is challenging. Blood culture and clinical signs combined with a complete blood count have been used for the diagnosis of sepsis. Recent literature in humans and animal species has been focused on sepsis-specific biomarkers, such as procalcitonin (PCT), that may more accurately and efficiently diagnose sepsis. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma PCT concentrations in healthy and septic calves. Twenty healthy control calves and 58 sick calves with septic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) based on SIRS score and clinical findings were included. Calves with septic SIRS were further divided in septic SIRS survivors (SSS) and non-survivors (SSNS). Plasma PCT concentrations were measured with a commercial ELISA assay for cattle. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine cut-off values and corresponding sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of sepsis. Differences in plasma PCT concentration between groups (control vs. SSS vs. SSNS) were evaluated. Plasma PCT concentrations in healthy calves and those with septic SIRS were 33.3pg/mL (0-44.3pg/mL) and 166.5pg/mL (85.9-233.0pg/mL), respectively (P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value to predict septic SIRS was 67.39pg/mL (81.0% sensitivity, 95.0% specificity). Plasma PCT concentrations were 127.4pg/mL (72.2-216.0pg/mL) and 234.3pg/mL (204.5-309.4pg/mL) in the SSS and SSNS subgroups, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found among groups (control vs. SSS and SSNS, P<0.0001; SSS vs. SSNS, P>0.05). These results confirmed an increase in plasma PCT concentrations in calves with septic SIRS, as previously reported in humans and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bonelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, via Livornese snc, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy.
| | - V Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, via Livornese snc, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
| | - T J Divers
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Vet Box 25, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - A Boccardo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - D Pravettoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - M Meylan
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - A G Belloli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, via dell'Università 6, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - M Sgorbini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, via Livornese snc, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
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Boccardo A, Biffani S, Belloli A, Biscarini F, Sala G, Pravettoni D. Risk factors associated with case fatality in 225 diarrhoeic calves: A retrospective study. Vet J 2017; 228:38-40. [PMID: 29153106 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to identify the major risk factors associated with case fatality in diarrhoeic calves undergoing a standard therapeutic protocol. Clinical and laboratory findings were reviewed in 225 Holstein Friesian diarrhoeic calves over a 2 year period. Calves were treated according to a fluid therapy protocol using an oral electrolyte solution or an IV infusion. After therapy, 159 calves were discharged in a healthy state, whereas 66 calves died. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum total protein (STP) concentration (odds ratio, OR, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.31-0.84; P<0.01) and the strength of suckle reflex (OR 4.83; CI 1.17-19.88; P<0.05) were the major risk factors associated with case fatality in diarrhoeic calves. These results could help to distinguish between diarrhoeic calves with a good prognosis and those with a major risk of treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boccardo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy; Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
| | - S Biffani
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology IBBA-CNR, Via Einstein Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - A Belloli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy; Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - F Biscarini
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology IBBA-CNR, Via Einstein Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy; Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, PTP Science Park, Via Einstein Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - G Sala
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy; Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - D Pravettoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy; Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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Cagnardi P, Villa R, Ravasio G, Lucatello L, Di Cesare F, Capolongo F, Boccardo A, Pravettoni D. Pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in dairy calves. N Z Vet J 2016; 65:14-18. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2016.1237313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Cagnardi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - R Villa
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - G Ravasio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - L Lucatello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro (Padua) 35020, Italy
| | - F Di Cesare
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - F Capolongo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università degli Studi di Padova, Legnaro (Padua) 35020, Italy
| | - A Boccardo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - D Pravettoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
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Boccardo A, Belloli A, Biffani S, Locatelli V, Dall'Ara P, Filipe J, Restelli I, Proverbio D, Pravettoni D. Intravenous immunoglobulin transfusion in colostrum-deprived dairy calves. Vet J 2016; 209:93-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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