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Burlacu R, Umlauf A, Marcotte TD, Soontornniyomkij B, Diaconu CC, Bulacu-Talnariu A, Temereanca A, Ruta SM, Letendre S, Ene L, Achim CL. Plasma CXCL10 correlates with HAND in HIV-infected women. J Neurovirol 2019; 26:23-31. [PMID: 31414350 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-019-00785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is characterized by chronic immune activation. We aimed to identify biomarkers associated with HAND and to investigate their association with cognitive function and sex, in a homogenous cohort of HIV-infected (HIV+) young adults, parenterally infected during early childhood. One hundred forty-four HIV+ Romanian participants (51% women) without major confounders underwent standardized neurocognitive and medical evaluation in a cross-sectional study. IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10, and TNF-α were measured in plasma in all participants and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a subgroup of 56 study participants. Biomarkers were compared with neurocognitive outcomes, and the influence of sex and HIV disease biomarkers was assessed. In this cohort of young adults (median age of 24 years), the rate of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) was 36.1%. Median current CD4+ count was 479 cells/mm3 and 36.8% had detectable plasma viral load. Women had better HIV-associated overall status. In plasma, controlling for sex, higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were associated with NCI (p < 0.05). Plasma CXCL10 showed a significant interaction with sex (p = 0.02); higher values were associated with NCI in women only (p = 0.02). Individuals with undetectable viral load had significantly lower plasma CXCL10 (p < 0.001) and CCL2 (p = 0.02) levels, and CSF CXCL10 (p = 0.01), IL-6 (p = 0.04), and TNF-α (p = 0.04) levels. NCI in young men and women living with HIV was associated with higher IL-6 and TNF-α in plasma, but not in the CSF. CXCL10 was identified as a biomarker of NCI specifically in women with chronic HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burlacu
- HIV Department, 'Dr. Victor Babes' Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - A Umlauf
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - T D Marcotte
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - B Soontornniyomkij
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - C C Diaconu
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Bulacu-Talnariu
- HIV Department, 'Dr. Victor Babes' Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Temereanca
- Department of Virology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Emerging Viral Diseases Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S M Ruta
- Department of Virology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Emerging Viral Diseases Department, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Letendre
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - L Ene
- HIV Department, 'Dr. Victor Babes' Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C L Achim
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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