Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the Back beliefs questionnaire among patients with chronic low-back pain

Purpose

To translate, culturally adapt and conduct a psychometric evaluation of the Yoruba version of the Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) among patients with chronic low-back pain.

Methods

The English version of the BBQ was translated into the Yoruba language through a process of forward-backward translation, reconciliation and harmonization of the reconciled items sequentially. Thereafter, Cronbach’s Alpha, Intra-Class Correlation (ICC), Bland-Altman’s analysis were used to determine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability and limits of agreement of the Yoruba version of the BBQ (BBQ-Y). Other psychometric properties of the BBQ-Y explored comprised acceptability, standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), convergent validity and floor and ceiling effects. While 119 respondents participated in the validity testing, only 51 of them were involved in the reliability testing of the BBQ-Y. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The mean age of the respondents all the respondents was 56.8 ± 8.5 years. The BBQ-Y had excellent acceptability with a global Cronbach Alpha score of 0.71. The SEM and MDC of the BBQ-Y were 2.3 and 6.4. The BBQ-Y ICC score for test-retest was 0.89, while the Bland-Altman analysis showing limits of agreements for the test-retest reliability were − 6.84 and 5.70. The convergent validity of the BBQ-Y showed a weak correlation (r = 0.273, p = 0.001) with pain intensity using the visual analogue scale.

Conclusion

This is the first study to culturally adapt the BBY-Y and determined its psychometric properties. The BBQ-Y has adequate psychometric properties and it is an appropriate outcome measure for use among Yoruba speaking patients with chronic low-back pain.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Nigerian (IGBO) version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (I-DASH)

Introduction

The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire is a self-administered region-specific outcome questionnaire developed to measure upper extremity disability and symptoms. The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Igbo version of the DASH in order to enhance its use in the Igbo-speaking population.

Method

This cross-sectional survey involved 100 participants (56 males, 44 females) with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders, in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. Participants completed both English and Igbo versions of the DASH on two occasions. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha. Test–retest reliability was analysed by intraclass coefficient (ICC) and the Bland and Altman method. Construct validity was investigated with the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and a principal component analysis was performed. Alpha was set at 0.05.

Results

Test–retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.99). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was high (0.979) for the entire items on the scale. There was a significant strong correlation (r = 0.994; p = 0.001) between the scores obtained on the English and Igbo versions of the DASH indicating excellent construct validity. Thirty linear components were identified within the data set. The communalities were above 0.4.

Conclusion

Principal component analysis of the Igbo DASH revealed a two-factor structure, having fulfilled all necessary conditions. The Igbo version of the DASH questionnaire is a valid and reliable outcome measure for individuals with upper extremity musculoskeletal disabilities.

Validation of a Yoruba version of the arthritis self-efficacy scale

BACKGROUND

The Arthritis Self Efficacy Scale (ASES) measures a patient's perceived efficacy to cope with the consequences of chronic arthritis. The aim of this, study was to translate ASES in to Yoruba, one of the indigenous Nigerian languages, and to investigate the validity and reliability of the translated version.

METHODS

Forty one (21 males; 20 females).patients diagnosed with arthritis participated in this cross sectional survey, although only thirty seven (87.8%) were available for the reliability study. The ASES was translated to Yoruba language using forward-backward translations. Participants completed both English and Yoruba version of ASES on the first day while the second administration of the two versions of ASES was.. completed at one week after the first administrations. Data was analyzed -using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and intra-class correlation (at p=0.05).

RESULTS

There was a significant direct correlation (p<0.0001) between the scores obtained on the English and Yoruba versions (r=0.933). Also there was a significant direct correlation (p<0.0001) between the scores obtained on the first and second administrations of the English and Yoruba version of the ASES.

CONCLUSION

The Yoruba version of the ASES is a valid and reliable outcome measure for health outcomes assessment in Yoruba-speaking populations.

Sexual dysfunction in Nigerian stroke survivors

BACKGROUND

Over three-quarters of stroke survivors experience disruption of sexual functioning. Studies reporting poststroke sexual function of Nigerian patients are few.

OBJECTIVES

This survey reports sexual dysfunction in Nigerian stroke survivors, and determines the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors on the dysfunction.

METHODS

Participants were 77 stroke survivors (60 males; 17 females) recruited consecutively from a teaching hospital. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale and post-stroke sexual function questionnaire. Participants' motor ability was rated on the Modified Motor Assessment Scale. Data were analysed using Chi square test and Mann-Whitney U test (alpha level set at 0.05).

RESULTS

Participants were aged 55.2 ± 10.8 (28-79) years. Most (94.8%) participants reported a dysfunction in sexual function. Decline in libido and coital frequency were reported by >70% and in erection, ejaculation and orgasm by >60% of participants. Participants' with erectile dysfunction were significantly older than those without (U=267.0; p=0.02). Depression, quality of life, willingness to have sex, general attitude to sex and ability to express sexual feelings had significant influence on sexual dysfunction reported by participants (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that sexual dysfunction is common among Nigerian stroke survivors and it is mostly associated with psychological factors.

Validity and test re-test reliability of the neck disability index in the Nigerian clinical setting

The neck disability index (NDI) is a valid and widely used clinical instrument, which enjoys the recommendation of the World Health Organization for outcome assessment in neck pain. Its psychometric properties have not been investigated in the Nigerian clinical setting. This study investigated the content validity and test-retest reliability of the NDI in order to encourage its integration in the Nigerian clinical setting. Content validity of NDI was assessed through an expert panel review for content relevance/coverage and pretesting. Thirty two subjects with neck pain, recruited through a purposive sampling technique participated in the study. The NDI was administered twice within 48 hours interval. Data were summarized in percentages. Intra class correlation coefficient was used to analyze data for test-retest reliability with alpha set at 0.05. Participants were 1 males, 21 females with a majority within age group 38-57. Twenty four (75%) participants had mild to moderate disability, 7 (21.9%) had severe to complete disability and one individual had no disability. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.969, P=0.01) between the scores obtained from the first administration of the NDI and the second administration. The NDI is a valid and reliable outcome measure and it is recommended for integration into the assessment of neck pain in the Nigerian clinical setting.

Development and initial validation of the ibadan knee/hip osteoarthritis outcome measure

Background and Aim: Development of outcome measures remains a focus of health research in the 21st century. Outcome measures originally developed for the Nigerian environment are very rare. The aims of this study were to develop an outcome measure for management of hip and knee arthritic conditions, and to investigate the validity and responsiveness of it. Methods: The Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Measure (IKHOAM)was developed from other measures found in literature, as well as complaints of attending patients. Forty nine patients with pain from knee and/or hip osteoarthritis, the OA group (OAG) and 49 individuals without knee or hip pain, the pain-free group (PFG) were assessed, using the IKHOAM. The OAG was assessed on IKHOAM and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after a 6-week physiotherapy programme. Results: Significant differences between IKHOAM scores of the OAG and PFG and between IKHOAM scores of OAG pre and post 6-week physiotherapy programme, as well as the significant negative correlations between changes in IKHOAM and VAS scores of OAG before and after the 6-week physiotherapy programme were demonstrated. Conclusion: IKHOAM demonstrated initial criteria towards validity and responsiveness and may be used in a Nigerian population of OA knee/hip individuals and similar environments.

Validity and internal consistency of a Yoruba version of the Ibadan knee/hip osteoathritis outcome measure (Yoruba IKHOAM)

The Ibadan Knee Hip osteoarthritis Outcome measure (IKHOAM) was developed for patients with Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis in the Nigerian and similar environments. The Yoruba Version was developed to encourage its use in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The IKHOAM was translated into Yoruba in four separate processes of translation, back translation, committee review and pre-testing. It was administered to a cohort of 164 outpatients with symptomatic OA of the knee and or Hip who attended physiotherapy units in selected hospitals from Southwestern region of Nigeria. The IKHOAM (English Version) was correlated with the Yoruba version and Visual analogue scale (VAS). The Validity of the Yoruba IKHOAM was found to be satisfactory and comparable to the original version (r = 0.67, p = 0.005) for the criterion-related validity and r = -0.31 (p = 0.005) for construct validity. The items in the Yoruba IKHOAM correlated well with each other with Cronbach's alpha coefficient ranging between 0.69 and 0.99. The correlation on the different parts of the Yoruba IKHOAM was satisfactory (alpha = 0.52-0.87). The Yoruba IKHOAM like the original version is a reliable consistent and valid instrument that can be considered for use in the Nigeria environment for evidence based quality healthcare promotion in Knee/Hip OA patients.