Sevilla-Lorente R, Carneiro-Barrera A, Molina-Garcia P, Ruiz JR, Amaro-Gahete FJ. Time of the day of exercise impact on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Sci Med Sport 2023;
26:169-179. [PMID:
36973109 DOI:
10.1016/j.jsams.2023.03.004]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To compare the effect of a single bout of morning vs. evening exercise on cardiovascular risk factors in adults.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
A systematic search of studies was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science from inception to June 2022. Selected studies accomplished the following criteria: crossover design, acute effect of exercise, blood pressure, blood glucose, and/or blood lipids as the study's endpoint, a washout period of at least 24 h, and adults. Meta-analysis was performed by analyzing: 1) separated effect of morning and evening exercise (pre vs. post); and 2) comparison between morning and evening exercise.
RESULTS
A total of 11 studies were included for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and 10 studies for blood glucose. Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference between morning vs. evening exercise for systolic blood pressure (g ∆ = 0.02), diastolic blood pressure (g ∆ = 0.01), or blood glucose (g ∆ = 0.15). Analysis of moderator variables (age, BMI, sex, health status, intensity and duration of exercise, and hour within the morning or evening) showed no significant morning vs. evening effect.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, we found no influence of the time of the day on the acute effect of exercise on blood pressure neither on blood glucose.
Collapse