1
|
Banning K, Fucinari J, Fielder A, Ruterbusch JJ, Beebe-Dimmer JL, Schwartz AG, Wallbillich JJ, Cote ML. Quality of life in endometrial cancer survivors by grade of disease. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37148545 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, with overall incidence increasing, particularly high-grade disease. There is sparse information regarding quality of life (QOL) in EC survivors with a focus on grade of disease. METHODS A total of 259 women with EC diagnosed between 2016 and 2020 were identified via the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System and consented to enroll in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors cohort study (if African American, n = 138) or completed the baseline interview (if non-Hispanic white, n = 121). Each respondent provided information about their health history, educational attainment, health behaviors, and demographics. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and Endometrial-specific (FACT-En) were used to assess QOL. RESULTS Women diagnosed with high-grade (n = 112) and low-grade (n = 147) EC participated in this study. EC survivors with high-grade disease reported significantly lower QOL compared to survivors with low-grade disease (85 vs. 91, respectively, p value = 0.025) as assessed by the FACT-G. This difference was driven by lower physical and functional subscales among women with high-grade disease compared to those with low-grade disease (p value = 0.016 and p = 0.028, respectively). Interestingly, EC-specific QOL measures, as assessed by the FACT-En, did not differ by grade. CONCLUSION Grade of disease impacts QOL in EC survivors, as well as socioeconomic, psychological, and physical factors. Most of these factors are amenable to interventions and should be assessed in patients after an EC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Banning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - J Fucinari
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - A Fielder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - J J Ruterbusch
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - J L Beebe-Dimmer
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - A G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - J J Wallbillich
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - M L Cote
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zarnowiecki D, Wilson A, Bogomolova S, Fielder A, Procter N, O’Dea K, Itsiopoulos C, Strachan J, Ballestrin M, Parletta N. Effectiveness of a Mediterranean diet intervention for improving food intake in people with serious mental illness. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2014.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
3
|
Villarino N, Lesman S, Fielder A, García-Tapia D, Cox S, Lucas M, Robinson J, Brown SA, Martín-Jiménez T. Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part I: Lung homogenate in healthy pigs and pigs challenged intratracheally with lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:329-39. [PMID: 23072251 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in lung tissue homogenate (LT) and plasma from healthy and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged pigs. Clinically healthy pigs were allocated to two dosing groups of 36 animals each (group 1 and 2). All animals were treated with tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Animals in group 2 were also challenged intratracheally with LPS from Escherichia coli (LPS-Ec) 3 h prior to tulathromycin administration. Blood and LT samples were collected from all animals during 17-day post-tulathromycin administration. For LT, one sample from the middle (ML) and caudal lobes (CL) was taken. The concentration of tulathromycin was significantly lower in the ML after the intratracheal administration of LPS-E. coli (P < 0.02). In healthy pigs and LPS-challenged animals, the distribution of the drug into the lungs was rapid and persisted at high levels for 17-day postadministration. The distribution of the drug within the lung seems to be homogenous, at least between the middle and caudal lobes within dosing groups. The concentration versus time profile of the drug and pharmacokinetic parameters in two different lung areas (middle and caudal lobe) were consistent within the groups. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Villarino
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villarino N, Lesman S, Fielder A, García-Tapia D, Cox S, Lucas M, Robinson J, Brown SA, Martín-Jiménez T. Pulmonary pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in swine. Part 2: Intra-airways compartments. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:340-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Villarino
- Department of Microbiology; The University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - S. Lesman
- Pfizer Animal Health; Kalamazoo MI USA
| | | | | | - S. Cox
- Pfizer Animal Health; Kalamazoo MI USA
| | - M. Lucas
- Pfizer Animal Health; Kalamazoo MI USA
| | | | | | - T. Martín-Jiménez
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Darlow BA, Gilbert C, Quinn GE, Azad R, Ells AL, Fielder A, Zin A. Promise and potential pitfalls of anti-VEGF drugs in retinopathy of prematurity. Br J Ophthalmol 2009; 93:986. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.156208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
6
|
Bakrania P, Robinson DO, Bunyan DJ, Salt A, Martin A, Crolla JA, Wyatt A, Fielder A, Ainsworth J, Moore A, Read S, Uddin J, Laws D, Pascuel-Salcedo D, Ayuso C, Allen L, Collin JRO, Ragge NK. SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome: 12 new cases demonstrating broader phenotype and high frequency of large gene deletions. Br J Ophthalmol 2007; 91:1471-6. [PMID: 17522144 PMCID: PMC2095460 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.117929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental eye anomalies, which include anophthalmia (absent eye) or microphthalmia (small eye) are an important cause of severe visual impairment in infants and young children. Heterozygous mutations in SOX2, a SOX1B-HMG box transcription factor, have been found in up to 10% of individuals with severe microphthalmia or anophthalmia and such mutations could also be associated with a range of non-ocular abnormalities. METHODS We performed mutation analysis on a new cohort of 120 patients with congenital eye abnormalities, mainly anophthalmia, microphthalmia and coloboma. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) were used to detect whole gene deletion. RESULTS We identified four novel intragenic SOX2 mutations (one single base deletion, one single base duplication and two point mutations generating premature translational termination codons) and two further cases with the previously reported c.70del20 mutation. Of 52 patients with severe microphthalmia or anophthalmia analysed by MLPA, 5 were found to be deleted for the whole SOX2 gene and 1 had a partial deletion. In two of these, FISH studies identified sub-microscopic deletions involving a minimum of 328 Kb and 550 Kb. The SOX2 phenotypes include a patient with anophthalmia, oesophageal abnormalities and horseshoe kidney, and a patient with a retinal dystrophy implicating SOX2 in retinal development. CONCLUSION Our results provide further evidence that SOX2 haploinsufficiency is a common cause of severe developmental ocular malformations and that background genetic variation determines the varying phenotypes. Given the high incidence of whole gene deletion we recommend that all patients with severe microphthalmia or anophthalmia, including unilateral cases be screened by MLPA and FISH for SOX2 deletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Bakrania
- Dept of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Minasian M, Fielder A. IVF babies with ROP at higher gestational age and birth weight: implications of changing screening criteria. Br J Ophthalmol 2005; 89:1066. [PMID: 16024870 PMCID: PMC1772773 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2004.062935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
AIM To determine whether there has been a consistent change across countries and healthcare systems in the frequency of strabismus surgery in children over the past decade. METHODS Retrospective analysis of data on all strabismus surgery performed in NHS hospitals in England and Wales, on children aged 0-16 years between 1989 and 2000, and between 1994 and 2000 in Ontario (Canada) hospitals. These were compared with published data for Scotland, 1989-2000. RESULTS Between 1989 and 1999-2000 the number of strabismus procedures performed on children, 0-16 years, in England decreased by 41.2% from 15 083 to 8869. Combined medial rectus recession with lateral rectus resection decreased from 5538 to 3013 (45.6%) in the same period. Bimedial recessions increased from 489 to 762, oblique tenotomies from 43 to 121, and the use of adjustable sutures from 29 to 44, in 2000. In Ontario, operations for squint decreased from 2280 to 1685 (26.1%) among 0-16 year olds between 1994 and 2000. CONCLUSION The clinical impression of decrease in the frequency of paediatric strabismus surgery is confirmed. In the authors' opinion this cannot be fully explained by a decrease in births or by the method of healthcare funding. Two factors that might have contributed are better conservative strabismus management and increased subspecialisation that has improved the quality of surgery and the need for re-operation. This finding has a significant impact upon surgical services and also on the training of ophthalmologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Arora
- The Western Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Abstract
AIMS To determine what systems are in place within ophthalmic services for the assessment and management of children suspected of having amblyopia and strabismus. To find out what methods are used for the assessment of these children. METHODS A questionnaire-based study auditing 288 orthoptic departments in the UK. RESULTS Responses were received from 75% orthoptic departments. Most hospitals employ more than one system for the assessment of strabismus and amblyopia, which is generally dependent on route of referral. These include 'orthoptic assessment without refraction' (66%), 'combined orthoptist and ophthalmologist assessment' (66%), while 22% have an entirely orthoptist/optometric system. Ophthalmologists are involved in the initial assessment in 145 units (67%), whereas some units involve an ophthalmologist only if response to treatment is poor (15%), or if surgery is required (6%). Fourteen per cent of units reviewed all children, with discharge criteria being based on normal visual acuity (52%), accurate visual acuity (39%) and a normal orthoptic assessment (42%). Seventy-six per cent of units review some children, commonly as a result of family history (55%), parental concern (43%), poor co-operation (30%) and young age (72%). In the absence of squint or amblyopia children are discharged at the first visit, in only 8% of units. There is considerable variation in the tests used to assess visual acuity. LogMAR-based tests (eg EDTRS) are not routinely used in 75% of units. CONCLUSION Different systems exist for the assessment and management of squint and amblyopia across the country. While much of this variation is to be expected given their possible aetiologies, some could be reduced to produce a more cohesive service. There is also considerable scope for rationalising the tests used to screen infants and children for amblyopia and strabismus.
Collapse
|
11
|
Moseley M, Fielder A, Stewart C. Compliance with amblyopia therapy. Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119:1226. [PMID: 11483109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Moseley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Western Eye Hospital, London, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fielder A. Transition. Reflections on becoming a student midwife. Pract Midwife 2001; 4:42-3. [PMID: 12026665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
|
14
|
|
15
|
Coleman H, Fielder A. Epilepsy education in schools. Paediatr Nurs 1999; 11:29-32. [PMID: 10723381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of an epilepsy education initiative on the management of epilepsy in Southampton schools. A self-completion questionnaire survey was undertaken of staff in 19 Southampton primary schools and ten secondary schools. Changes in knowledge and management of seizures in children with epilepsy were measured following an education session and a recommended implementation of an individual seizure protocol for children with epilepsy. There were significant changes in some areas of seizure management and knowledge. Only a small number (three) of primary schools had a protocol in place. Two primary and four secondary schools were in the process of putting the protocol in place. An improvement in knowledge and seizure management has been demonstrated. Further work is needed to implement an individual seizure protocol for all children with epilepsy.
Collapse
|
16
|
Fielder A, Graham E, Jones S, Silman A, Tullo A. Royal College of Ophthalmologists guidelines: ocular toxicity and hydroxychloroquine. Eye (Lond) 1999; 12 ( Pt 6):907-9. [PMID: 10325983 DOI: 10.1038/eye.1998.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Fielder
- Royal College of Ophthalmologists, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fielder A, Pointer H, Timms C. Ophthalmic medical assistants: response. Br J Ophthalmol 1999; 83:512. [PMID: 10216045 PMCID: PMC1723039 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.83.5.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Fielder
- Ophthalmologist, Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Western Eye Hospital, London NW1 5YE
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Abstract
Basic standards for the process of paediatric epilepsy care were identified and applied in a clinical audit; findings were presented and the audit repeated. Standards agreed related to quality of correspondence, prescribing practice, appropriateness of drug monitoring, use of neuroimaging, and quality of requests for electroencephalography (EEG). Parent satisfaction with staff courtesy, doctor communication, and clinic visits were also assessed. In the second audit prescribing practice and appropriateness of drug monitoring had improved, but quality of patient correspondence and requests for EEG were unchanged. In both periods of care many parents were dissatisfied with the quality and amount of information provided about epilepsy. Standards of care for the medical management of children with epilepsy can be agreed and used to identify achievable improvements in that care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D W Webb
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Southampton General Hospital, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lanfear J, Fielder A. The child/young person with epilepsy. Paediatr Nurs 1998; 10:29-36. [PMID: 9687774 DOI: 10.7748/paed.10.3.29.s22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Lanfear
- Faculty of Health and Community Studies, De Montfort University, Leicester
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fielder A. Future of preschool vision screening. Review article did not separate review and implementation processes. BMJ 1998; 316:938. [PMID: 9583910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
22
|
Foreman N, Fielder A, Minshell C, Hurrion E, Sergienko E. Visual search, perception, and visual-motor skill in "healthy" children born at 27-32 weeks' gestation. J Exp Child Psychol 1997; 64:27-41. [PMID: 9126626 DOI: 10.1006/jecp.1996.2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Visual-perceptual, attentional, and visual-motor skills were examined in a group of 16 school-age children, born at 27-32 gestational weeks, who had performed normally on pediatric screening tests. Compared with 16 matched full-term controls, the preterms performed poorly on only two measures: they took longer to point to the missing arc of an annulus displayed on a computer screen and failed to find targets more often in a complex visual search task. They showed no deficits on tests of visual form extraction and closure. These data suggest that in the absence of any disability that is clinically detectable, prematurity results in a cluster of small but significant visual-motor impairments that persist into middle childhood. These relate to the maintenance of attention and visual-motor coordination, though visual form perception is not measurably affected. The results are discussed in the context of current neurobiological models of visual system organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Foreman
- Department of Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dyson S, Fielder A, Kirkham M. Midwives' knowledge of haemoglobinopathies. Mod Midwife 1996; 6:22-5. [PMID: 8852185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A good working knowledge of haemoglobinopathies is essential if midwives are to provide an equitable service. Almost half of the respondents had received no training in this area. Where training had been received, it was usually during basic midwifery education. Few had received haemoglobinopathies training since qualification as a midwife. Training was linked with higher knowledge levels, especially concerning patterns of inheritance of haemoglobinopathies. Further training sessions were linked with a further rise in knowledge levels. Respondents taught by haemoglobinopathies counsellors had higher knowledge levels than those taught by midwife teachers or doctors.
Collapse
|
24
|
Fielder A. NHS Research & Development Programme on physical and complex disabilities. Lancet 1996; 347:1188. [PMID: 8609787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
25
|
Potamitis T, Fielder A. GPs' awareness of surgical techniques. West J Med 1994. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.309.6958.875a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
26
|
Glass IA, Good P, Coleman MP, Fullwood P, Giles MG, Lindsay S, Nemeth AH, Davies KE, Willshaw HA, Fielder A. Genetic mapping of a cone and rod dysfunction (Aland Island eye disease) to the proximal short arm of the human X chromosome. J Med Genet 1993; 30:1044-50. [PMID: 7907666 PMCID: PMC1016646 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.30.12.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A five generation family with an X linked ocular disorder has been investigated. The major clinical features were reduced visual acuity, nystagmus, and myopia. Although impaired night vision was not a symptom, using psychophysical and electrophysiological testing both rod and cone function were found to be abnormal in all affected males. No abnormality was detected in carrier females. Gene location studies showed X linked transmission of a gene that maps to proximal Xp11. The findings observed in this cohort are similar to those previously reported in both congenital stationary night blindness type 2 (CSNB2) and Aland Island eye disease (AIED). This study addresses whether CSNB2 and AIED are a single entity or whether the latter is a subset of the former.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I A Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Bundey S, Fielder A, Poulton K. Wolfram syndrome: mitochondrial disorder. Lancet 1993; 342:1059-60. [PMID: 8105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
29
|
Chen ZY, Battinelli EM, Fielder A, Bundey S, Sims K, Breakefield XO, Craig IW. A mutation in the Norrie disease gene (NDP) associated with X-linked familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Nat Genet 1993; 5:180-3. [PMID: 8252044 DOI: 10.1038/ng1093-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a hereditary disorder characterized by an abnormality of the peripheral retina. Both autosomal dominant (adFEVR) and X-linked (XLFEVR) forms have been described, but the biochemical defect(s) underlying the symptoms are unknown. Molecular analysis of the Norrie gene locus (NDP) in a four generation FEVR family (shown previously to exhibit linkage to the X-chromosome markers DXS228 and MAOA (Xp11.4-p11.3)) reveals a missense mutation in the highly conserved region of the NDP gene, which caused a neutral amino acid substitution (Leu124Phe), was detected in all of the affected males, but not in the unaffected family members, nor in normal controls. The observations suggest that phenotypes of both XLFEVR and Norrie disease can result from mutations in the same gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Chen
- Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Abstract
Thirty-three full-term infants and thirty-eight preterm infants (on average born at 30 weeks gestation) were tested for their latency to turn toward checkered stimulus patterns (phasic orienting or "attention-getting") and for the duration of their initial fixation (tonic orienting or "attention-holding"). Plotted against the logarithm of the subjects' postconceptional age, turning latency fell linearly between 36 and 120 weeks, while fixation time fell abruptly at 53 weeks. Preterm and full-term infants showed the same developmental trends, implying that both of these attentional behaviors are biologically timetabled and that neither is greatly affected by premature extrauterine experience. Unexpectedly, phasic orientation in the first 30 postnatal days was significantly faster in preterm than in full-term infants, and fixation times failed to differ. Despite the necessary functional integration of phasic and tonic orienting in mature visual scanning and attention, the present results suggest an independence in their early postnatal development and that neither is mature at birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Foreman
- Department of Psychology, University of Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Fielder A. Delayed visual maturation — visual and developmental aspects. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0275-5408(89)90295-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
The interaction of auditory and visual modalities in the enhancement of orientation was examined in premature and near-term infants by presenting them auditory or visual stimuli or auditory-visual stimulus combinations at various positions in sensory space. In 4.5--15-mo-olds, brisk orienting responses could be elicited to very peripheral stimulus positions but only when the stimulus consisted of a spatially coherent auditory-visual combination (i.e., where a sound and a light occurred at the same point in space). This occurred for all infants, irrespective of age or gestational age at birth. First, the result shows that infants can respond to visual stimuli at eccentric positions, beyond the supposed limits of their effective visual fields as measured by standard perimetry. Second, the result extends earlier studies showing that intersensory integration and stimulus localisation develop relatively normally in prematurely born infants. The auditory-visual enhancement test as used here may have a number of further uses and applications in the clinic and laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Foreman
- Department of Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Frequencies of HLA-DR4 and its related Dw types were compared between randomly selected normal controls and the index cases of multiplex rheumatoid arthritis (RA) families. A DR4 frequency of 68.3% was observed in index cases (n = 57) compared to 31.2% in normal controls (n = 96). Cellular typing with homozygous typing cells (HTCs) revealed significant increases of Dw4 (49.1% vs 22.9% RR = 3.2 p less than 0.001) and Dw14 (22.8% vs 2.1% RR = 13.9 p less than 0.001) in the index cases. A non-significant increase was seen for Dw13 (8.8% vs 4.1%). When DR4 positive patients and controls were compared, a significant increase was seen only for Dw14 (34.2% vs 6.6% RR = 7.3 p less than 0.01). Data from HLA genotyped RA and normal families allowed an examination of haplotype combinations of HLA-B antigens and DR4/Dw types to be made. HLA-Dw4 was predominantly found with B44 and Bw62 with nearly all DR4/Bw62 haplotypes being Dw4 positive. HLA-Dw13 was associated with B44 and Dw14 with Bw60, B44 and B27. Based on HTC and normal family data. Dw10 was found to be strongly associated with B38 containing haplotypes. Analysis of 69 C4A, C4B complement typed DR4 haplotypes failed to show any statistically significant association between Dw type and "complotype". However, there was a suggestion of C4A3. BQO being associated with Dw4 (34.2% vs 16.1% X2 = 2.9 p = ns) and C4A3, B1 with Dw14 (45.5% vs 27.6% X2 = 2.1 p = ns).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Ollier
- Department of Immunology, London Hospital Medical College, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fielder A. Retinopathy of Prematurity: Current Concepts and Controversies. Br J Ophthalmol 1987. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.71.8.644-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
37
|
Fielder A. Contemporary Issues in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2. Retinopathy of Prematurity. Br J Ophthalmol 1987. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.71.8.643-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
38
|
Colaco CB, Awad J, Festenstein H, Fielder A, Batchelor JR, Alonso A, McCloskey D, Shipley M, Corbett M, Roitt IM. HLA frequency and haplotype analysis in a family study of adult onset rheumatoid arthritis. Dis Markers 1986; 4:99-102. [PMID: 3502563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five families with probands who have rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied for clinical evidence of disease and for HLA status. This confirmed an association between RA and DR4 in 19/25 probands (76 per cent, p = 0.008). These 19 probands carried 24 haplotypes which contained DR4. There was no significant increase of DR4 haplotypes bearing B15(Bw62) or B44 when compared with published control haplotype data. The rare complement allele C4 B3 was detected as part of the extended haplotype A2 Cw3 B15(Bw62) DR4 C4 A*3B*3 in three probands with severe RA. Further studies to examine disease severity and autoantibody expression are in progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C B Colaco
- Department of Rheumatology Research, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Black CM, Welsh KI, Fielder A, Hughes GR, Batchelor JR. HLA antigens and Bf allotypes in SLE: evidence for the association being with specific haplotypes. Tissue Antigens 1982; 19:115-20. [PMID: 6920936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The clinical features and HLA types of 67 unrelated patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) were analyzed. The results showed: 1. An increase in frequencies of A1, B8, and DR3. These antigens are in close linkage disequilibrium and our data show that susceptibility to SLE is associated with the presence of all three antigens, implicating the specific haplotype which bears these antigens. 2. An increase in frequency of DR2, but not A3 or B7, these latter two antigens being in linkage disequilibrium with DR2. 3. 73.3% of the 54 Caucasoid SLE group were either B8 and/or DR2. This is in comparison with 37.5% in the controls and the difference is significant (p less than 0.001). 4. There was no association apparent between extent of disease, particular organ involvement and level of circulating antibodies to double stranded DNA with any HLA region product.
Collapse
|
40
|
Rahi AH, Kanski JJ, Fielder A. Immunoglobulins and antinuclear antibodies in aqueous humour from patients with juvenile "rheumatoid" arthritis (Still's disease). Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K (1962) 1977; 97:217-22. [PMID: 304264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous humour and blood from twenty cataractous patients with chronic anterior uveitis and the monopauciarticular form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were tested for immunoglobulins G, A, and M and for autoantibodies, particularly those against nuclear antigens. The aqueous immunoglobulins were raised in the majority of patients even when the eyes were normal biomicroscopically. Raised IgG antinuclear antibodies were found in 85% of the aqueous samples. Information obtained from the study of aqueous humour from fourteen patients with senile cataract was used for statistical analysis of these data. The presence of high molecular weight immunoglobulins in the aqueous humour from patients with Still's disease suggests an abnormal blood-ocular barrier which may be responsible for the recurrence which follows an ostensibly treated primary attack of uveitis. The presence of antinuclear antibody in a few aqueous samples without a concomitant rise in the blood levels is suggestive of local antibody synthesis.
Collapse
|