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Chaudhry K, Geiger A, Dowlati E, Lang H, Yvon E, Holdoff M, Jones R, Savoldo B, Cruz C, Bollard C. Immunotherapy: B7H3-CAR NK CELLS AND DNR CO-TRANSDUCED NK SHOWS MAINTAIN THEIR POTENCY AGAINST TGF-B MEDIATED IMMUNE SUPPRESSION. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Geiger A, Stanojevic M, Hont A, Lazarski C, Datar A, Lang H, Hanley P, Bollard C, Nazarian J, Hwang E, Cruz C. Immunotherapy: DEVELOPING OFF THE SHELF T CELL THERAPIES FOR HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stanojevic M, O'Brien S, Geiger A, Ulrey R, Cruz C, Hanley P, Keller M, Bollard C. Identification of Novel HLA-Restricted PRAME Peptides to Facilitate “Off-the-shelf” Tumor-Associated Antigen-specific T-cells. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vailati-Riboni M, Bucktrout RE, Zhan S, Geiger A, McCann JC, Akers RM, Loor JJ. Higher plane of nutrition pre-weaning enhances Holstein calf mammary gland development through alterations in the parenchyma and fat pad transcriptome. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:900. [PMID: 30537932 PMCID: PMC6290502 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To reduce costs of rearing replacement heifers, researchers have focused on decreasing age at breeding and first calving. To increase returns upon initiation of lactation the focus has been on increasing mammary development prior to onset of first lactation. Enhanced plane of nutrition pre-weaning may benefit the entire replacement heifer operation by promoting mammary gland development and greater future production. Methods Twelve Holstein heifer calves (< 1 week old) were reared on 1 of 2 dietary treatments (n = 6/group) for 8 weeks: a control group fed a restricted milk replacer at 0.45 kg/d (R, 20% crude protein, 20% fat), or an accelerated group fed an enhanced milk replacer at 1.13 kg/d (EH, 28% crude protein, 25% fat). At weaning (8 weeks), calves were euthanized and sub-samples of mammary parenchyma (PAR) and mammary fat pad (MFP) were harvested upon removal from the body. Total RNA from both tissues was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. The Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were used for pathway analysis and functions, gene networks, and cross-talk analyses of the two tissues. Results When comparing EH vs R 1561 genes (895 upregulated, 666 downregulated) and 970 genes (506 upregulated, 464 downregulated) were differentially expressed in PAR and MFP, respectively. DIA and IPA results highlight a greater proliferation and differentiation activity in both PAR and MFP, supported by an increased metabolic activity. When calves were fed EH, the PAR displayed transcriptional signs of greater overall organ development, with higher ductal growth and branching, together with a supportive blood vessel and nerve network. These activities were mediated by intracellular cascades, such as AKT, SHH, MAPK, and Wnt, probably activated by hormones, growth factors, and endogenous molecules. The analysis also revealed strong communication between MFP and PAR. Conclusion The transcriptomics and bioinformatics approach highlighted key mechanisms that mediate the mammary gland response to a higher plane of nutrition in the pre-weaning period. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5303-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - R E Bucktrout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - A Geiger
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J C McCann
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - R M Akers
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA.
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Geiger A, Weber L. PSXIII-5 Nitrogen Retention and Protein Quality in Dogs and Cats Fed Commercial Pet Food. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - L Weber
- University of Saskatchewan,Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Lago A, Socha M, Geiger A, Cook D, Silva-Del-Río N, Blanc C, Quesnell R, Leonardi C. Efficacy of colostrum replacer versus maternal colostrum on immunological status, health, and growth of preweaned dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:1344-1354. [PMID: 29153521 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Commercially available colostrum replacers (CR) are commonly used when maternal colostrum (MC) is unavailable, for managerial convenience, to ensure quality consistency at first feeding, or in disease control and eradication programs. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of feeding First Day Formula (Accelerated Genetics, Baraboo, WI) CR versus pooled MC on immunological status, growth, and health of preweaned dairy calves. A total of 1,220 Jersey and Jersey × Holstein calves born on a California Central Valley dairy farm were assigned after birth to receive either CR or MC following a systematic allocation procedure. Calves assigned to MC were tube fed 2.8 L of MC, and calves assigned to CR were tube fed a total of 500 g of CR (150 g of immunoglobulin G; IgG) mixed into 1.9 L of water at 1 h ± 5 min after the calf was born. A subset of calves was selected for passive transfer (n = 592) and growth (n = 268) analyses. Although both coliform count and total bacteria count were low for MC and CR fed to calves during the study, the predicted probability of calves receiving contaminated liquid feed (coliform count >10,000 cfu/mL) at first feeding was reduced for calves fed CR (1.5%) compared with calves fed MC (6.1%). The mean blood concentration of IgG was lower for calves fed CR than for calves fed MC (19.6 vs. 23.4 mg/mL). However, the apparent efficiency of absorption of IgG did not differ between treatments (34.4 and 35.9% for CR and MC, respectively). Total proteins were lower in calves fed CR compared with MC at 24 h (5.16 vs. 5.84 g/dL, respectively). Calves fed CR were 1.5 kg lighter at weaning and gained 0.03 kg less per day (0.30 vs. 0.33 kg/d, respectively) than calves fed MC before weaning. Height at weaning did not differ between the 2 treatment groups. Calves fed CR tended to have a higher predicted probability of not being treated for diarrhea than calves fed MC (0.142 vs. 0.110, respectively). However, when the disease was present, CR had a higher number of treatment days compared with MC (11.6 vs. 10.8 d, respectively). The hazard ratio of dying did not differ between MC and CR; however, CR calves had a numerically higher risk (hazard ratio = 1.347) of dying compared with calves that received MC. In conclusion, IgG absorption and serum concentration of calves were adequate when calves were fed either CR or MC. The CR-fed calves had a lower probability of receiving contaminated liquid feed and performed similar in terms of health compared with calves receiving high-quality MC, although they were slightly lighter at weaning. Therefore, the CR evaluated in this study is a valid alternative to high-quality (>50 mg of IgG/mL) MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lago
- DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA 93274.
| | - M Socha
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344
| | - A Geiger
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344
| | - D Cook
- Milk Products Inc., Chilton, WI 53014
| | - N Silva-Del-Río
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Tulare, CA 93274
| | - C Blanc
- GTV Dairies, Tipton, CA 93272
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Ferreira G, Teets CL, Bladen AN, Geiger A. 1661 Pantothenic acid does not affect the concentration of biotin in plasma of Holstein bull calves. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kligler IJ, Geiger A, Comaroff R. Effect of the Nature and Composition of the Subtrate on the Development and Viability of Trypanosomes. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1930.11684643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Kligler IJ, Geiger A, Comaroff R. Susceptibility and Resistance to Trypanosome Infections. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1929.11684605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Geiger A, Kligler IJ, Comaroff R. The Glycolytic Power of Trypanosomes(Trypanosome Evansi) in Vitro. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1930.11684642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Medvedev NN, Voloshin VP, Kim AV, Anikeenko AV, Geiger A. Culation of partial molar volume and its components for molecular dynamics models of dilute solutions. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476613080088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
We present a novel dataset captured from a VW station wagon for use in mobile robotics and autonomous driving research. In total, we recorded 6 hours of traffic scenarios at 10–100 Hz using a variety of sensor modalities such as high-resolution color and grayscale stereo cameras, a Velodyne 3D laser scanner and a high-precision GPS/IMU inertial navigation system. The scenarios are diverse, capturing real-world traffic situations, and range from freeways over rural areas to inner-city scenes with many static and dynamic objects. Our data is calibrated, synchronized and timestamped, and we provide the rectified and raw image sequences. Our dataset also contains object labels in the form of 3D tracklets, and we provide online benchmarks for stereo, optical flow, object detection and other tasks. This paper describes our recording platform, the data format and the utilities that we provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Tübingen, Germany
| | - P Lenz
- Department of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
| | - C Stiller
- Department of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
| | - R Urtasun
- Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, IL, USA
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Truc P, Grébaut P, Lando A, Makiadi Donzoau F, Penchenier L, Herder S, Geiger A, Vatunga G, Josenando T. Epidemiological aspects of the transmission of the parasites causing human African trypanosomiasis in Angola. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2011; 105:261-5. [PMID: 21801505 DOI: 10.1179/136485911x12987676649467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Truc
- Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Al-Chalabi A, Matevossian E, Preissel A, Perren A, Yang Z, Schuster T, Schreiber C, Schimmel P, Nairz E, Yan H, Geiger A, Kreymann B. A model of ischemic isolated acute liver failure in pigs: standardizing monitoring and treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 45:86-97. [PMID: 20847566 DOI: 10.1159/000319878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) models in pigs have been widely used for evaluating newly developed liver support systems. But hardly any guidelines are available for the surgical methods and the clinical management. METHODS The study validated several standard operating procedures describing in detail the surgical method and intensive care monitoring and treatment (control of potassium, glucose and bicarbonate levels, cardiovascular and intracranial pressure monitoring, etc.). ALF was induced in animals with a mean of 56 kg. Two surgical methods were compared: ligation of hepatic arteries with either end-to-side portacaval shunt (ESPS) and bile duct ligation or side-to-side portacaval shunt (SSPS) without bile duct ligation. RESULTS During total portal vein clamping, the animals in the ESPS group developed severe hypotension, splanchnic congestion and metabolic acidosis. One animal died after approximately 1.5 h. This model therefore represents a multiorgan failure model rather than an isolated ALF model. In the SSPS group, none of these side effects were observed, while clinical, laboratory and histopathological signs of ALF were evident. CONCLUSIONS A reproducible model in pigs representing ALF can be established with the help of the standardized monitoring and treatment procedures presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Chalabi
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany. ahmed.al-chalabi @ lrz.tum.de
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Kowall T, Mausbach P, Geiger A. Short-Wavelength Collective Dynamics in Metastable Water A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19900940317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Al-Chalabi A, Matevossian E, Preissel AK, Yan H, Geiger A, Nairz E, Schimmel P, Schreiber C, Yang Z, Kreymann B. Survival improvement in pigs with liver failure and superimposed sepsis by a new liver support system (Hepa Wash®). Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2934323 DOI: 10.1186/cc8740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Geiger A, Fardeau ML, Falsen E, Ollivier B, Cuny G. Serratia glossinae sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 60:1261-1265. [PMID: 19667382 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.013441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the isolation of a novel bacterium, strain C1(T), from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis, one of the vector insects responsible for transmission of the trypanosomes that cause sleeping sickness in sub-Saharan African countries. Strain C1(T) is a motile, facultatively anaerobic, rod-like bacterium (0.8-1.0 microm in diameter; 2-6 microm long) that grows as single cells or in chains. Optimum growth occurred at 25-35 degrees C, at pH 6.7-8.4 and in medium containing 5-20 g NaCl l(-1). The bacterium hydrolysed urea and used L-lysine, L-ornithine, citrate, pyruvate, D-glucose, D-mannitol, inositol, D-sorbitol, melibiose, amygdalin, L-arabinose, arbutin, aesculin, D-fructose, D-galactose, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, raffinose, trehalose and d-xylose; it produced acetoin, reduced nitrate to nitrite and was positive for beta-galactosidase and catalase. The DNA G+C content was 53.6 mol%. It was related phylogenetically to members of the genus Serratia, family Enterobacteriaceae, the type strain of Serratia fonticola being its closest relative (99 % similarity between 16S rRNA gene sequences). However, DNA-DNA relatedness between strain C1(T) and S. fonticola DSM 4576(T) was only 37.15 %. Therefore, on the basis of morphological, nutritional, physiological and fatty acid analysis and genetic criteria, strain C1(T) is proposed to be assigned to a novel Serratia species, Serratia glossinae sp. nov. (type strain C1(T) =DSM 22080(T) =CCUG 57457(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- UMR 177, IRD-CIRAD, CIRAD TA A-17/G, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - M-L Fardeau
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, UMR 180, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, case 925, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - E Falsen
- CCUG, Culture Collection, University of Göteborg, Guldhedsgatan 10, SE-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - B Ollivier
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, UMR 180, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, case 925, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France
| | - G Cuny
- UMR 177, IRD-CIRAD, CIRAD TA A-17/G, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Brovchenko I, Krukau A, Smolin N, Oleinikova A, Geiger A, Winter R. Thermal breaking of spanning water networks in the hydration shell of proteins. J Chem Phys 2007; 123:224905. [PMID: 16375508 DOI: 10.1063/1.2121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of a spanning hydrogen-bonded network of water at the surface of biomolecules is important for their conformational stability, dynamics, and function. We have studied by computer simulations the clustering and percolation of water in the hydration shell of a small elastinlike peptide (ELP) and the medium-size protein staphylococcal nuclease (SNase), in aqueous solution. We have found that in both systems a spanning network of hydration water exists at low temperatures and breaks up with increasing temperature via a quasi-two-dimensional percolation transition. The thermal breaking of the spanning water network occurs at biologically relevant temperatures, in the temperature range, which is close to the temperature of the "inverse temperature transition" of ELP and the unfolding temperature of SNase, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Brovchenko
- Physical Chemistry, University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund D-44227, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ye. Yakovenko
- a Institute of Applied Physics Problems , Kurchatova 7, Minsk , 220064 , Republic of Belarus
| | - G. Kroemer
- b Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 , Dortmund , Federal Republic of Germany
| | - A. Geiger
- b Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44221 , Dortmund , Federal Republic of Germany
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Bieshaar R, Geiger A, Medvedev NN. Calculation of Chemical Potentials by a Novel Delaunay-Simplex Sampling Technique for Particle Insertion. Molecular Simulation 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08927029508024054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Alinchenko MG, Anikeenko AV, Voloshin VP, Medvedev NN, Paschek D, Appelhagen A, Geiger A. Spatial correlations of interatomic voids in molecular liquids studied using Delaunay simplices. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10947-006-0386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- The Physiological Laboratory, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
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Geiger A, Magnes J. The glycolytic activity of brain: Macerated brain tissue. II. Effect of cytolysis, the presence of a glycolytic inhibitor By A. Geiger. Biochem J 2006; 33:866-84. [PMID: 16746986 PMCID: PMC1264460 DOI: 10.1042/bj0330866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- The Physiological Laboratory, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem
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Taplin S, Ulcickas-Yood M, Geiger A, Ichikawa L, Bischoff K, Barlow W. RESPONSE: Re: Reason for Late-Stage Breast Cancer: Absence of Screening or Detection, or Breakdown in Follow-Up? J Natl Cancer Inst 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dji063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
A randomised trial evaluated the American Cancer Society's telephone counselling service to assist smoking cessation. Counselling nearly doubles a smokers' odds of quitting and maintaining cessation for one year. The estimated cost for each case of maintained smoking cessation attributable to counselling availability is approximately 1300 dollars.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L McAlister
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Karrer P, Geiger A, Legler R, Rüegger A, Salomon H. Über die Isolierung des α-Phyllochinons (Vitamin K aus Alfalfa) sowie über dessen Entdeckungsgeschichte. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.193902201183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Karrer P, Rüegger A, Geiger A. Ein sekundärer Alkohol aus β-Apo-2-carotinal und Bemerkungen über die Homologen des Axerophtols (Vitamin A). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.193802101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Karrer P, Geiger A, Rüegger A, Salomon H. Über Nor-α-phyllochinon (Nor-Vitamin-K1) und ähnliche Verbindungen (Vorläufige Mitteilung). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.193902201188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Coexistence curves of water in cylindrical and slitlike nanopores of different size and water-substrate interaction strength were simulated in the Gibbs ensemble. The two-phase coexistence regions cover a wide range of pore filling level and temperature, including ambient temperature. Five different kinds of two-phase coexistence are observed. A single liquid-vapor coexistence is observed in hydrophobic and moderately hydrophilic pores. Surface transitions split from the main liquid-vapor coexistence region, when the water-substrate interaction becomes comparable or stronger than the water-water pair interaction. In this case prewetting, one and two layering transitions were observed. The critical temperature of the first layering transition decreases with strengthening water-substrate interaction towards the critical temperature expected for two-dimensional systems and is not sensitive to the variation of pore size and shape. Liquid-vapor phase transition in a pore with a wall which is already covered with two water layers is most typical for hydrophilic pores. The critical temperature of this transition is very sensitive to the pore size, in contrast to the liquid-vapor critical temperature in hydrophobic pores. The observed rich phase behavior of water in pores evidences that the knowledge of coexistence curves is of crucial importance for the analysis of experimental results and a prerequiste of meaningful simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Brovchenko
- Physikalische Chemie, Universitat Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Abstract
The dynamical properties of a confined fluid depend strongly on the (spatially varying) density. Its knowledge is therefore an important prerequisite for molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations and the analysis of experimental data. In a mixed Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC)/MD simulation approach we first apply the GEMC method to find possible phase states of water in hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanopores. The obtained phase diagrams evidence that a two-phase state is the most probable state of a fluid in incompletely filled pores in a wide range of temperature and level of pore filling. Pronounced variations of the average and local densities are observed. Subsequently, we apply constant-volume MD simulations to obtain water diffusion coefficients and to study their spatial variation along the pore radius. In general, water diffusivity slightly decreases in a hydrophilic pore and noticeably increases in a hydrophobic pore (up to about 40% with respect to the bulk value). In the range of gradual density variations the local diffusivity essentially follows the inverse density and the water binding energy. The diffusivity in the quasi-two-dimensional water layers near the hydrophilic wall decreases by 10 to 20% with respect to the bulk value. The average diffusivity of water in incompletely filled pore is discussed on the basis of the water diffusivities in the coexisting phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Brovchenko
- Physical Chemistry, University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany.
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37
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Manger K, Manger B, Repp R, Geisselbrecht M, Geiger A, Pfahlberg A, Harrer T, Kalden JR. Definition of risk factors for death, end stage renal disease, and thromboembolic events in a monocentric cohort of 338 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61:1065-70. [PMID: 12429536 PMCID: PMC1753955 DOI: 10.1136/ard.61.12.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival rate in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved dramatically during the past four decades to 96.6% (five year) in the Erlangen cohort, but it is nearly three times as high as in an age and sex matched control population. Reasons for death are mainly cardiovascular diseases (37%) and infections (29%). OBJECTIVE To find risk factors existing at disease onset for a severe outcome in the Erlangen cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS By using a database of 338 patients with SLE from a single centre, documented at least one to 15 years and including Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage score data and index (SDI) and an activity score (European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM)), a retrospective search was made for risk factors for a severe outcome like death, end stage renal disease (ESRD), and thromboembolic events (TE) in SLE. For this purpose, multivariable Cox regression models were analysed using the statistical package SPSS 10.0 for Windows. RESULTS The following were defined as risk factors for death at disease onset: male sex (p<0.001, relative risk (RR)=3.5), age >40 at disease onset (p<0.0001, RR=19.9), nephritis (p<0.05, RR=1.6), a reduction of creatinine clearance (p<0.001, RR=1.8), heart disease (p=0.05, RR=1.5), and central nervous system (CNS) disease (p=0.06, RR=1.6). An increase in the SDI of two or more points from the first to the third year of disease was the worst prognostic factor (p<0.0001, RR=7.7). The existence of Ro or nRNP antibodies, or both, was protective (p<0.05, RR =0.1). A low C3 (p<0.01 RR=3.0) and splenomegaly (p<0.01 RR=2.7) at disease onset turned out to be risk factors for ESRD besides a nephritis. In patients with hypertension (p<0.05) and/or high titres of dsDNA antibodies (>70 U/l) (p<0.01) and/or a mean ECLAM score of 4 (p<0.01) in the course of disease, a prevalence of ESRD was recorded in 9% (p<0.05) and 10% (p<0.01), and 8% (p<0.01) v 4% in the whole group. Analysis of risk factors at disease onset for TE identified positive lupus anticoagulant (p=0.17, RR=1.6), cryoglobulins (p<0.05, RR=1.8), and nephritis (p=0.05, RR=1.4), in addition to an age >40 at disease onset. CONCLUSIONS A subgroup of patients in the Erlangen cohort with a typical clinical and serological phenotype at disease onset that is at high risk for a worse outcome was identified. Identification of these white patients at risk at disease onset will enable treatment to be intensified and thereby possibly prevent or better control late stage manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Manger
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
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38
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Oleinikova A, Brovchenko I, Geiger A, Guillot B. Percolation of water in aqueous solution and liquid–liquid immiscibility. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1493183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Abstract
The glucagon receptor mediates the actions of glucagon on carbohydrate metabolism by the liver and on insulin release by the pancreatic beta-cell, which are key processes in the control of glucose homeostasis. The 5'-region of the mouse glucagon receptor gene has been recently cloned and two functional promoters were characterized. In the present study, we show that most of the glucagon receptor mRNA was transcribed from the distal promoter, in the mouse liver. In the distal promoter region, a GC-rich sequence with five putative binding sites for the Sp family of transcription factors was localized. To elucidate the role of these Sp1-binding sites in the mouse MIN6 beta-cell line, the expression of reporter gene constructs containing deletion or point mutation of each site was carried out. Selective mutation of the second Sp1-binding site decreased the activity of the distal promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay with a DNA fragment spanning the three first Sp1 sites confirmed that the second site bound specifically MIN6 nuclear proteins, and supershift using specific Sp antibodies demonstrated that it interacted with Sp3 but not Sp1 transcription factors. These data illustrate that the basal expression of the mouse glucagon receptor gene, driven by the distal promoter, requires an Sp1-binding site that binds Sp3 proteins.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Untranslated Regions/genetics
- Animals
- Binding Sites/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Gene Expression/physiology
- Genes, Reporter
- Islets of Langerhans/cytology
- Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
- Liver/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Glucagon/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Glucagon/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sp3 Transcription Factor
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- INSERM U376, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371, rue Doyen G. Giraud, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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40
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Geiger A. Migration and health. Gesundheitswesen 2001; 63 Suppl 1:S71-2. [PMID: 11329927 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal, Magdeburg
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41
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Geiger A, Salazar G, Le Cam A, Kervran A. Characterization of an enhancer element in the proximal promoter of the mouse glucagon receptor gene. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1517:236-42. [PMID: 11342104 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The 5'-flanking region of the mouse glucagon receptor has been previously cloned and two promoter regions were characterized. Functional analysis of the proximal promoter was now performed to characterize cis-acting element(s) regulating basal gene expression. Promoter analysis using deletion constructs in a rat cell line (CA-77) expressing the glucagon receptor, showed that the region from -64 to +127 relative to the proximal transcription start site was sufficient for maximal proximal promoter activity. A DNA sequence spanning the -28 to -16 region organized as an imperfect palindrome was demonstrated to be functional as a cis-acting enhancer. Constructs including several copies of this motif strongly increased activity of the heterologous thymidine kinase promoter. Gel mobility shift assays performed with different DNA fragments spanning this region confirmed that it specifically bound nuclear protein(s) from CA-77 cells, mouse MIN-6 cells or mouse liver. Mutations in the core sequence of this site impaired both reporter gene activity and nuclear protein binding. The palindrome is a novel DNA sequence with no homology to existing transcription factor binding site database. This is the first characterization of a functional cis-acting sequence into the proximal promoter of the mouse glucagon receptor that may support constitutive expression of the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- Bâtiment INSERM U376, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371, rue Doyen G. Giraud, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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42
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43
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Ahuja D, Geiger A, Ramanjulu JM, Vera MD, SirDeshpande B, Pfizenmayer A, Abazeed M, Krosky DJ, Beidler D, Joullié MM, Toogood PL. Inhibition of protein synthesis by didemnins: cell potency and SAR. J Med Chem 2000; 43:4212-8. [PMID: 11063617 DOI: 10.1021/jm000168v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic and naturally occurring didemnins are potent and specific inhibitors of protein synthesis in vitro. Structure-activity analysis indicates a requirement for the intact macrocycle; however, the smaller ring size represented by the didemnin analogue, tamandarin A, is equipotent to didemnin B. Replacement of the N,O-dimethyltyrosine by a N-methylphenylalanine or N-methylleucine residue is also well-tolerated. The rank order for inhibition of protein synthesis in vitro appears to be retained in MCF-7 cells, albeit at much higher potency. This increase in potency is explained for the first time by data indicating that MCF-7 cells can accumulate didemnin B up to 2-3 orders of magnitude compared to the growth medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahuja
- Willard H. Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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44
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Marggraf G, Arnold A, Geiger A, Gödje O, Knocks M, Krabatsch T, Lefering R, Lorenz K, Neugebauer E, Schmitt D, Schnelle K, Teebken O, Tugtekin M. Concept of and preliminary trial protocol for adjuvant treatment of mediastinitis with immunoglobulins after cardiac surgery (ATMI): response to comments and criticism. Eur J Surg Suppl 2000:79-84. [PMID: 10890240 DOI: 10.1080/11024159950188628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
During the consensus-based process of protocol development external experts were invited to comment on a proposal for a trial protocol on adjuvant immunotreatment of patients with wound infection after median sternotomy (ATMI). Controversies and arguments can be divided into five main areas: 1) rationale and objectives; 2) criteria for patient selection; 3) adjuvant treatment; 4) measures of efficacy; and 5) course and timetable of the study. We present and summarise the experts comments and criticism as well as the result of the final discussion of the study group with respect to these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marggraf
- Universitätsklinik, Thorax- und Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Essen, Germany
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45
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Barker DR, Wilson M, Madden PA, Medvedev NN, Geiger A. Voids in the H-bonded network of water and their manifestation in the structure factor. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 62:1427-1430. [PMID: 11088606 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The main peak of the oxygen-oxygen structure factor S(OO)(Q) of liquid water shows an unusual doublet structure. The low-Q feature of the doublet shifts appreciably with pressure, between limits which correspond to the position of the first peak in the low- and high-density forms of amorphous ice. This pressure dependence has been cited as evidence of polyamorphism in water. It is shown that this feature is analogous to the "prepeak," or "first-sharp-diffraction peak" which is well known in network-forming ionic liquids, like SiO2, and that its position is determined by the nearest-neighbor separation of voids in the spatial distribution of oxygen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- DR Barker
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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46
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Geiger A, Decaux JF, Burcelin R, Le Cam A, Salazar G, Charron MJ, Girard J, Kervran A. Structural and functional characterizations of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse glucagon receptor gene: comparison with the rat gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 272:912-21. [PMID: 10860851 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A putative proximal promoter was defined previously for the mouse glucagon receptor (GR) gene. In the present study, a distal promoter was characterized upstream from a novel non-coding exon revealed by the 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends from mouse liver tissue. The 5'-flanking region of the mouse GR gene was cloned up to 6 kb and the structural organization was compared to the 5' untranslated region of the rat gene cloned up to 7 kb. The novel exon, separated by an intron of 3.8 kb from the first coding exon, displayed a high homology (80%) with the most distal of the two untranslated exons found in the 5' region of the rat GR gene. The mouse distal promoter region, extending up to -1 kb from the novel exon, displayed 85% identity with the rat promoter. Both contain a highly GC-rich sequence with five putative binding sites for Sp1, but no consensus TATA or CAAT elements. To evaluate basal promoter activities, 5'-flanking sequences of mouse or rat GR genes were fused to a luciferase reporter gene and transiently expressed in a mouse and in a rat cell line, respectively or in rat hepatocytes. Both mouse and rat distal promoter regions directed a high level of reporter gene activity. Deletion of the Sp1 binding sites region or mutation of the second proximal Sp1 sequence markedly reduced the distal promoter activity of the reporter gene. The mouse proximal promoter activity was 2- to 3-fold less than the distal promoter, for which no functional counterpart was observed in the similar region of the rat gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geiger
- INSERM U376, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
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47
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Schlensak C, Doenst T, Spillner G, Blum U, Geiger A, Beyersdorf F. Palliative treatment of a secondary aortoduodenal fistula by stent-graft placement. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 48:41-2. [PMID: 10757158 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A 64-year-old male was admitted with suspected aortoduodenal fistula 16 years after transabdominal aortic reconstruction for aortoiliac occlusive disease. Computed tomography (CT) and angiography revealed an aortoduodenal fistula and a suture-line aneurysm at the proximal anastomosis. Due to the patient's poor general condition at the time of diagnosis, endoluminal stent-graft implantation was chosen rather than conventional surgery. Successful placement of the stent graft without leakage of contrast medium and with complete exclusion of the fistula was demonstrated by CT. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged 10 days after the intervention. Five months later contrast CT indicated a recurrence of the aortoduodenal fistula. Since the patient was now in good general condition the stent graft was removed surgically and an extra-anatomic axillofemoral bypass was implanted. Endoluminal stent-graft Implantation is effective as palliative therapy for aortoduodenal fistulas and is especially valuable in patients with high risk for conventional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schlensak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Freiburg, Germany
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48
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Lutter G, Buerkle M, Martin J, von Specht B, Gertler R, Geiger A, Sarai K, Beyersdorf F. Experimental evaluation of the new indirect revascularization method. J Card Fail 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9164(99)91461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Lutter G, Buerkle M, Samson P, Martin J, Geiger A, Gertler R, Sarai K, Beyersdorf F. Evaluation of TMLR after 3 months chronic ischemia. J Card Fail 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9164(99)91478-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Dawson LA, Nguyen HQ, Geiger A. Effects of venlafaxine on extracellular concentrations of 5-HT and noradrenaline in the rat frontal cortex: augmentation via 5-HT1A receptor antagonism. Neuropharmacology 1999; 38:1153-63. [PMID: 10462128 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Venlafaxine is a novel serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) which has been shown clinically to be an effective antidepressant (AD) with a faster onset of action than serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Preclinically, venlafaxine has been shown to potently inhibit dorsal raphe neuronal (DRN) firing through a 5-HT1A mediated mechanism, in a similar manner to SSRIs. Here we demonstrate the acute neurochemical effects of venlafaxine on extracellular concentrations of 5-HT and noradrenaline (NA) from the rat frontal cortex using in vivo microdialysis. Administration of venlafaxine (3-50 mg/kg s.c.) resulted in a significant dose-dependent increase in extracellular NA, but produced no significant increase in 5-HT concentrations. Combination treatment with the selective 5-HT1A antagonist WAY100635 produced a dose-dependent augmentation of venlafaxine-induced (3-30 mg/kg s.c) extracellular 5-HT concentrations, but had no further effect on NA above that produced by venlafaxine alone. WAY100635, at doses as low as 0.03 mg/kg s.c., maintained this potentiation effect. The beta-adrenergic/5-HT1A receptor antagonist (+/-)pindolol and the selective 5-HT1B/D antagonist GR127935 produced no significant augmentation of venlafaxine-induced changes in either 5-HT or NA. Using the alpha1 and alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and idazoxane, we also demonstrate the role of the alpha-adrenoceptors in the augmentation of venlafaxine-induced changes. The possible mechanisms underlying venlafaxines improved clinical AD action and the potential for further enhancement of this SNRIs clinical effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Dawson
- CNS Disorders, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Princeton, NJ 08543-8000, USA.
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