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Westhead O, Spry M, Bagger A, Shen Z, Yadegari H, Favero S, Tort R, Titirici M, Ryan MP, Jervis R, Katayama Y, Aguadero A, Regoutz A, Grimaud A, Stephens IEL. Correction: The role of ion solvation in lithium mediated nitrogen reduction. J Mater Chem A Mater 2023; 11:13039. [PMID: 37346741 PMCID: PMC10281331 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta90009f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2TA07686A.].
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Affiliation(s)
- O Westhead
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- Solid-State Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, UMR8260, CNRS, Collège de France France
| | - M Spry
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - A Bagger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - Z Shen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - H Yadegari
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - S Favero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - R Tort
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - M Titirici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - M P Ryan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - R Jervis
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London UK
| | | | - A Aguadero
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid ICMM-CSIC Spain
| | - A Regoutz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London UK
| | - A Grimaud
- Solid-State Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, UMR8260, CNRS, Collège de France France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459 80039 Amiens Cedex 1 France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill MA USA
| | - I E L Stephens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
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Westhead O, Spry M, Bagger A, Shen Z, Yadegari H, Favero S, Tort R, Titirici M, Ryan MP, Jervis R, Katayama Y, Aguadero A, Regoutz A, Grimaud A, Stephens IEL. The role of ion solvation in lithium mediated nitrogen reduction. J Mater Chem A Mater 2023; 11:12746-12758. [PMID: 37346742 PMCID: PMC10281334 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta07686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Since its verification in 2019, there have been numerous high-profile papers reporting improved efficiency of lithium-mediated electrochemical nitrogen reduction to make ammonia. However, the literature lacks any coherent investigation systematically linking bulk electrolyte properties to electrochemical performance and Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) properties. In this study, we discover that the salt concentration has a remarkable effect on electrolyte stability: at concentrations of 0.6 M LiClO4 and above the electrode potential is stable for at least 12 hours at an applied current density of -2 mA cm-2 at ambient temperature and pressure. Conversely, at the lower concentrations explored in prior studies, the potential required to maintain a given N2 reduction current increased by 8 V within a period of 1 hour under the same conditions. The behaviour is linked more coordination of the salt anion and cation with increasing salt concentration in the electrolyte observed via Raman spectroscopy. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal a more inorganic, and therefore more stable, SEI layer is formed with increasing salt concentration. A drop in faradaic efficiency for nitrogen reduction is seen at concentrations higher than 0.6 M LiClO4, which is attributed to a combination of a decrease in nitrogen solubility and diffusivity as well as increased SEI conductivity as measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Westhead
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- Solid-State Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, UMR8260, CNRS, Collège de France France
| | - M Spry
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - A Bagger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - Z Shen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - H Yadegari
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
| | - S Favero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - R Tort
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
| | - M Titirici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - M P Ryan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - R Jervis
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
- Eletrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London UK
| | | | - A Aguadero
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid ICMM-CSIC Spain
| | - A Regoutz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London UK
| | - A Grimaud
- Solid-State Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, UMR8260, CNRS, Collège de France France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459 80039 Amiens Cedex 1 France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill MA USA
| | - I E L Stephens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
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Westhead O, Tort R, Spry M, Rietbrock J, Jervis R, Grimaud A, Bagger A, Stephens IEL. The Origin of Overpotential in Lithium-Mediated Nitrogen Reduction. Faraday Discuss 2022. [PMID: 37089070 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00156j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The verification of the lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction system in 2019 has led to an explosion in the literature focussing on improving the metrics of Faradaic efficiency, stability, and activity. However,...
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Affiliation(s)
- O Westhead
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - R Tort
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - M Spry
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - J Rietbrock
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - R Jervis
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - A Grimaud
- Solid-State Chemistry and Energy Laboratory, UMR8260, CNRS, Collège de France, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - A Bagger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grimaud
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, FRE 3677, Collège de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W T Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Shao-Horn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J-M Tarascon
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, FRE 3677, Collège de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
- ALISTORE-European Research Institute, FR CNRS 3104, 80039 Amiens, France
- Sorbonne Université - UPMC Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
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Breuil V, Brocq O, Pellegrino C, Grimaud A, Euller-Ziegler L. Erdheim-Chester disease: typical radiological bone features for a rare xanthogranulomatosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61:199-200. [PMID: 11830422 PMCID: PMC1754028 DOI: 10.1136/ard.61.3.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Breuil
- Rheumatology Department, l'Archet University, 06200 Nice, France
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Hiéronimus S, Hadjali Y, Fredenrich A, Paquis P, Chanalet S, Grimaud A, Michiels J, Fenichel P. Hypothalamic-pituitary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a diagnostic challenge. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2000; 61:512-516. [PMID: 11148325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Four cases of hypothalamic-pituitary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) are reported, highlighting the expanding spectrum of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in adults. The diagnostic challenge of hypothalamic-pituitary LCH is emphasized in cases revealed as supra-sellar tumors with panhypopituitarism or as isolated central diabetes insipidus. Diagnosis is confirmed by histological examination showing infiltration with CD1a positive histiocytes. General guidelines for diagnosis procedure are drawn out, including the neurosurgical biopsy in particular cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hiéronimus
- Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital de l'Archet 1, BP 3079, 06202 Nice Cedex 3 France.
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Oddo F, Chevallier P, Raffaelli C, Ruitort F, Baque J, Grimaud A. [Testicular microlithiasis, follow-up of a benign disease]. Presse Med 1998; 27:1763. [PMID: 9835941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Oddo
- Service d'Imagerie médicale, Hôpital de l'Archet II, Nice
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Grimaud A, Oddo F, Thibaud I, Brocq O, Euller-Ziegler L. [Fracture of the sacrum caused by bone insufficiency in a pregnant woman]. J Radiol 1997; 78:511-2. [PMID: 9296032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sacral insufficiency fractures are not rare. They are well known in female patients over age 50 with osteopenia. One case occurring in a young pregnant woman is described. We did not find another case in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grimaud
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice
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Breuil V, Brocq O, Euller-Ziegler L, Grimaud A. Insufficiency fracture of the sacrum revealing a pregnancy associated osteoporosis. First case report. Ann Rheum Dis 1997; 56:278-9. [PMID: 9166005 PMCID: PMC1752355 DOI: 10.1136/ard.56.4.278b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Ducreux D, Grisot F, Brocq O, Grimaud A. [Disk herniation with posterior ring apophysis fracture in young adults]. J Radiol 1995; 76:209-12. [PMID: 7745556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fracture of the posterior ring apophysis in association with a herniated disk is unusual in adult patients. It has to be considered as a posterior pre-marginal disk hernia, a variant of marginal cartilaginous nodes. This report concerns one young adult with lumbar and sciatic pain presenting a posterior marginal node with fracture of the posterior ring apophysis and conventional posterior disk herniation. Computed tomographic findings and magnetic resonance images are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ducreux
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice
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Bonaldi V, Padovani B, Chami M, Nectoux F, Grimaud A. [MRI and chronic osteoarticular infections. Contribution of inversion-recuperation sequence with fat signal cancellation in the follow-up of chronic osteitis under medical treatment. Apropos of 14 cases]. J Radiol 1991; 72:149-55. [PMID: 2061874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MR Imaging was performed with T1 weighted, Rho T2* (Grass) and S.T.I.R. sequences on medically treated chronic osteomyelitis patients. MR Imaging is definitely the best tool available in thorough evaluation of the extent of lesions. It allows the evolution or remission of focal inflammatory lesions to be traced for follow up. Bone sequestra needing surgery can be identified and soft tissue abcesses differentiated from cellulitis. In future, MR Imaging could replace tomography and fistulography, while scintigraphy would be more useful in cases of recent acute infections and their differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bonaldi
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice
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14
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Loubiére M, Grimaud A, Coussement A, Rampal P, Delmont J, Serres JJ. [Double contrast radiological study of the small intestine with duodeno-jejunal intubation. The technique used at the Nice University Hospital Centr with a report of first results (author's transl)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1977; 58:75-9. [PMID: 857011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The authors have carried out 80 radiological studies by duodeno-jejunal intubation using a tube which they themselves perfected. The technique is simple and easily reveals organic lesions. Barium studies of the small intestine via duodeno-jejunal intubation further makes it possible to assess its tone and peristalsis. The authors feel this technique to be the most suitable for this technique purpose.
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Moulinier B, Bruhière J, Grenier-Boley P, Grimaud A, Nosek S, Lambert R. [Endoscopic study of gastric ulcer in hiatal hernia (author's transl)]. Arch Fr Mal App Dig 1973; 62:11-5. [PMID: 4741118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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