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Abdel Maksoud MIA, Kassem SM, Ashour AH, Awed AS. Recycled high-density polyethylene plastic reinforced with ilmenite as a sustainable radiation shielding material. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20698-20708. [PMID: 37435369 PMCID: PMC10332129 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03757f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, recycled high-density polyethylene plastic (r-HDPE) reinforced with ilmenite mineral (Ilm) in different ratios (0, 15, 30, and 45 wt%) as a sustainable and flexible radiation shielding material was manufactured using the melt blending method. XRD patterns and FTIR spectra demonstrated that the polymer composite sheets were successfully developed. The morphology and elemental composition were addressed using SEM images and EDX spectra. Moreover, the mechanical characteristics of the prepared sheets were also studied. The gamma-ray attenuation characteristics for established r-HDPE + x% Ilm composite sheets were theoretically computed between 0.015 and 15 MeV using Phy-X/PSD software. Also, the mass attenuation coefficients have been compared to their values by the WinXCOM program. It is also shown that the shielding performance of the r-HDPE + 45% Ilm composite sheet is significantly greater than that of r-HDPE. As a result, the ilmenite-incorporated recycled high-density polyethylene sheets are suited for medical and industrial radiation shielding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I A Abdel Maksoud
- Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt
| | - Said M Kassem
- Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt
| | - A H Ashour
- Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt
| | - A S Awed
- Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology at Manzala Egypt
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Abdel-Rafei MK, Thabet NM, Abdel Maksoud MIA, Abd Elkodous M, Kawamura G, Matsuda A, Ashour AH, El-Batal AI, El-Sayyad GS. Influence of Ce 3+ Substitution on Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of ZnCe xFe 2-xO 4 Nanoparticles (X = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08) Conjugated with Ebselen and Its Role Subsidised with γ-Radiation in Mitigating Human TNBC and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Proliferation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10171. [PMID: 34576334 PMCID: PMC8466506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are a major challenge to health worldwide. Spinel ferrites have attracted attention due to their broad theranostic applications. This study aimed at investigating the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer activities of ebselen (Eb) and cerium-nanoparticles (Ce-NPs) in the form of ZnCexFe2-XO4 on human breast and colon cancer cell lines. Bioassays of the cytotoxic concentrations of Eb and ZnCexFe2-XO4, oxidative stress and inflammatory milieu, autophagy, apoptosis, related signalling effectors, the distribution of cells through the cell-cycle phases, and the percentage of cells with apoptosis were evaluated in cancer cell lines. Additionally, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential have been investigated against different pathogenic microbes. The ZOI, and MIC results indicated that ZnCexFe2-XO4; X = 0.06 specimen reduced the activity of a wide range of bacteria and unicellular fungi at low concentration including P. aeruginosa (9.5 mm; 6.250 µg/mL), S. aureus (13.2 mm; 0.390 µg/mL), and Candida albicans (13.5 mm; 0.195 µg/mL). Reaction mechanism determination indicated that after ZnCexFe2-xO4; X = 0.06 treatment, morphological differences in S.aureus were apparent with complete lysis of bacterial cells, a concomitant decrease in the viable number, and the growth of biofilm was inhibited. The combination of Eb with ZFO or ZnCexFe2-XO4 with γ-radiation exposure showed marked anti-proliferative efficacy in both cell lines, through modulating the oxidant/antioxidant machinery imbalance, restoring the fine-tuning of redox status, and promoting an anti-inflammatory milieu to prevent cancer progression, which may be a valuable therapeutic approach to cancer therapy and as a promising antimicrobial agent to reduce the pathogenic potential of the invading microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K. Abdel-Rafei
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt;
| | - Noura M. Thabet
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt;
| | - M. I. A. Abdel Maksoud
- Materials Science Lab., Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt; (M.I.A.A.M.); (A.H.A.)
| | - M. Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, Japan; (M.A.E.); (G.K.)
| | - Go Kawamura
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, Japan; (M.A.E.); (G.K.)
| | - Atsunori Matsuda
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, Japan; (M.A.E.); (G.K.)
| | - A. H. Ashour
- Materials Science Lab., Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt; (M.I.A.A.M.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Ahmed I. El-Batal
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt; (A.I.E.-B.); (G.S.E.-S.)
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyad
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt; (A.I.E.-B.); (G.S.E.-S.)
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Abdel Maksoud MIA, Sami NM, Hassan HS, Bekhit M, Ashour AH. Novel adsorbent based on carbon-modified zirconia/spinel ferrite nanostructures: Evaluation for the removal of cobalt and europium radionuclides from aqueous solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:111-124. [PMID: 34492348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel adsorbent based on carbon-modified zirconia/spinel ferrite (C@ ZrO2/Mn0.5Mg0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4) nanostructures were chemically prepared to remove 60Co and 152+154Eu radionuclides from liquid media using batch experiments. The XRD pattern confirms the successful preparation of the C@ZrO2/MnMgZnFe2O4 composite. Also, SEM and TEM images confirmed that the composite owns a heterogeneous morphology in the nanoscale range. The optical band gap value of Mn0.5Mg0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4, ZrO2, and the composite samples was 1.45, 2.38, and 1.54 eV, respectively. Many parameters have been studied as the effect of time, solution pH, and initial ion concentration. The kinetics models for the removal process of 152+154Eu and 60Co radionuclides were studied. The second-order kinetic equation could describe the sorption kinetics for both radionuclides. The Langmuir monolayer capacity for 60Co was 82.51 mg/g and for 152+154Eu was 136.98 mg/g. The thermodynamic parameters such as free energy ΔGo, the enthalpy ΔHo, and the entropy ΔSo were calculated. The results indicated that the sorption process has endothermic nature for both two radionuclides onto C@ZrO2/MnMgZnFe2O4 composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I A Abdel Maksoud
- Materials Science Laboratory, Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - N M Sami
- Hot Lab. Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. 13759, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H S Hassan
- Hot Lab. Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O. 13759, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Bekhit
- Radiation Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - A H Ashour
- Materials Science Laboratory, Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
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Abdel Maksoud MIA, Fahim RA, Shalan AE, Abd Elkodous M, Olojede SO, Osman AI, Farrell C, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Awed AS, Ashour AH, Rooney DW. Advanced materials and technologies for supercapacitors used in energy conversion and storage: a review. Environ Chem Lett 2021; 19:375-439. [DOI: 10.1007/s10311-020-01075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSupercapacitors are increasingly used for energy conversion and storage systems in sustainable nanotechnologies. Graphite is a conventional electrode utilized in Li-ion-based batteries, yet its specific capacitance of 372 mA h g−1 is not adequate for supercapacitor applications. Interest in supercapacitors is due to their high-energy capacity, storage for a shorter period and longer lifetime. This review compares the following materials used to fabricate supercapacitors: spinel ferrites, e.g., MFe2O4, MMoO4 and MCo2O4 where M denotes a transition metal ion; perovskite oxides; transition metals sulfides; carbon materials; and conducting polymers. The application window of perovskite can be controlled by cations in sublattice sites. Cations increase the specific capacitance because cations possess large orbital valence electrons which grow the oxygen vacancies. Electrodes made of transition metal sulfides, e.g., ZnCo2S4, display a high specific capacitance of 1269 F g−1, which is four times higher than those of transition metals oxides, e.g., Zn–Co ferrite, of 296 F g−1. This is explained by the low charge-transfer resistance and the high ion diffusion rate of transition metals sulfides. Composites made of magnetic oxides or transition metal sulfides with conducting polymers or carbon materials have the highest capacitance activity and cyclic stability. This is attributed to oxygen and sulfur active sites which foster electrolyte penetration during cycling, and, in turn, create new active sites.
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Abdel Maksoud MIA, El-Sayyad GS, El-Khawaga AM, Abd Elkodous M, Abokhadra A, Elsayed MA, Gobara M, Soliman LI, El-Bahnasawy HH, Ashour AH. Nanostructured Mg substituted Mn-Zn ferrites: A magnetic recyclable catalyst for outstanding photocatalytic and antimicrobial potentials. J Hazard Mater 2020; 399:123000. [PMID: 32937703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With recently increasing the environmental problems and expected energy crisis, it is necessary to synthesis a low-cost, efficient, and UV-light responsive photocatalyst for contaminants' degradation. The nanostructured spinel ferrite Mn0.5Zn0.5-xMgxFe2O4 NPs (x = 0.0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375 and 0.50) were synthesized via the sol-gel method. The crystallite size was lied in nano regime ranging from 21.8 to 36.5 nm. The surface chemical composition of the Mn0.5Zn0.5-xMgxFe2O4 NPs was investigated via XPS analysis. Mossbauer spectra showed that the peaks were shifted to higher values of the maximum magnetic field as the Mg content increased, indicating that the crystallinity is enhanced while the crystal size is decreased. Also, various parameters such as the photocatalyst dose, dyes concentration, pH, point of zero charge, and the metals leaching were studied. The point of zero charge (PZC) has found at pH = 2.38. The Mn0.5Zn0.125Mg0.375Fe2O4 NPs showed an excellent UV-assisted photocatalytic activity against Chloramine T (90 % removal efficiency) and Rhodamine B (95 % removal efficiency) after 80 min as compared to pure Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite NPs. Besides, it a recyclable catalyst at least four times with a negligible reduction of photocatalytic activity with slight elements leaching. Furthermore, the Mn0.5Zn0.25Mg0.25Fe2O4 NPs showed a high antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacteria and yeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I A Abdel Maksoud
- Materials Science Lab., Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt; Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Khawaga
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; Center for Nanotechnology (CNT), School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Sheikh Zayed, Giza16453, Egypt
| | - A Abokhadra
- Basic Science Department, Modern Academy of Engineering and Technology, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elsayed
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gobara
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Egyptian Armed Forces, Cairo, Egypt
| | - L I Soliman
- Basic Science Department, Modern Academy of Engineering and Technology, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H H El-Bahnasawy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A H Ashour
- Materials Science Lab., Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Shehata MM, Abdelreheem AM, Waly SA, Ashour AH. Cu and Ag Nanoparticles Films Deposited on Glass Substrate Using Cold Cathode Ion Source. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-017-0515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abdel Reheem AM, Ahmed MM, Abdelhamid MM, Ashour AH. Verification of high efficient broad beam cold cathode ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:083302. [PMID: 27587108 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An improved form of cold cathode ion source has been designed and constructed. It consists of stainless steel hollow cylinder anode and stainless steel cathode disc, which are separated by a Teflon flange. The electrical discharge and output characteristics have been measured at different pressures using argon, nitrogen, and oxygen gases. The ion exit aperture shape and optimum distance between ion collector plate and cathode disc are studied. The stable discharge current and maximum output ion beam current have been obtained using grid exit aperture. It was found that the optimum distance between ion collector plate and ion exit aperture is equal to 6.25 cm. The cold cathode ion source is used to deposit aluminum coating layer on AZ31 magnesium alloy using argon ion beam current which equals 600 μA. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction techniques used for characterizing samples before and after aluminum deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Abdel Reheem
- Accelerators and Ion Sources Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.N.13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Ahmed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Abdelhamid
- Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - A H Ashour
- Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority (AEA), Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Low-angle x-ray scattering (LAXS) from lyophilized blood and its constituents is characterized by the presence of two peaks in the forward direction of scattering. These peaks are found to be sensitive to the variations in the molecular structure of a given sample. The present work aims to explore the nature of LAXS from a variety of lyophilized biological samples. It also aims to investigate the possibility that a certain biological macromolecule is responsible of the production of LAXS peaks. This is carried out through measurements of LAXS from complex biological samples and their basic constituents. Among the measured samples are haemoglobin (Hb), globin, haem, packed red blood cells, bovine albumin, egg albumin, milk, casein, glutamine, alanine, fat, muscle and DNA. A table containing some characteristic parameters of the LAXS profiles of these samples is also presented. Analysis of measured profiles shows that all lyophilized samples produce at least one relatively broad peak at a scattering angle around 10.35 degrees. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of this peak varies considerably among the measured samples. Except for milk and casein. one additional peak at a scattering angle around 4.65 degrees is observed only in the LAXS profiles of proteins or protein-rich samples. This fact strongly suggests protein to be the biological macromolecule from which this characteristic peak originates. The same idea is further strengthened through discussion of some previous observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Desouky
- Radiation Physics Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, IAEA, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abstract
The characteristic nature of low-angle x-ray scattering from biological samples and its dependence on molecular structure is a subject of increasing interest. In this work, low-angle x-ray scattering from lyophilized (freeze-dried) whole blood, haemoglobin (Hb), serum and red blood cell membranes is studied. The scattering profiles of these samples are found to be reproducible and characteristic. A number of characterization parameters are introduced, showing significant differences between the investigated samples. The sensitivity of the scattering profiles of whole blood, Hb and serum towards induced molecular level variations is examined after doses of gamma irradiation of 3, 6 and 9 Gy. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the second peak of scattering and the percentage ratio of amplitudes of the first and second peaks (I1/I2)% are found to be the parameters most sensitive to irradiation. For all irradiated samples, it is observed that the FWHM of the second peak is always greater than the control, while the ratio (I1/I2)% is always smaller than the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Elshemey
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.
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