1
|
Yamaguchi H, Hayakawa S, Ma N, Shimizu H, Okawa K, Zhang Q, Yang L, Kahl D, La Cognata M, Lamia L, Abe K, Beliuskina O, Cha S, Chae K, Cherubini S, Figuera P, Ge Z, Gulino M, Hu J, Inoue A, Iwasa N, Kim A, Kim D, Kiss G, Kubono S, La Commara M, Lattuada M, Lee E, Moon J, Palmerini S, Parascandolo C, Park S, Phong V, Pierroutsakou D, Pizzone R, Rapisarda G, Romano S, Spitaleri C, Tang X, Trippella O, Tumino A, Zhang N, Lam Y, Heger A, Jacobs A, Xu S, Ma S, Ru L, Liu E, Liu T, Hamill C, Murphy ASJ, Su J, Fang X, Kwag M, Duy N, Uyen N, Kim D, Liang J, Psaltis A, Sferrazza M, Johnston Z, Li Y. RIB induced reactions: Studying astrophysical reactions with low-energy RI beam at CRIB. EPJ Web Conf 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327501015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrophysical reactions involving radioactive isotopes (RI) often play an important role in high-temperature stellar environments. The experimental studies on the reaction rates for those are still limited mainly due to the technical difficulties in producing high-quality RI beams. A direct measurement of those reactions would be still challenging in many cases, however, we can make a reliable evaluation of the reaction rates by an indirect method or by studying the resonance prorerties. Here we ntroduce recent examples of experimental studies on such RI-involving astrophysical reactions, performed at Center for Nuclear Study, the University of Tokyo, using the low-energy RI beam separator CRIB. One is for the neutron-induced destruction reactions of 7Be in the Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, and the other is the study on the 22Mg(α, p) reaction relevant in X-ray bursts, which was performed with the resonant scattering method from the inverse reaction channel.
Collapse
|
2
|
Heberlein C, Lang KM, Pallacks R, Heger A, Frommhold D. Neu aufgetretene Diarrhöen bei einem Kind mit PEG-Sonde. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
3
|
Hu J, Yamaguchi H, Lam Y, Heger A, Kahl D, Jacobs A, Johnston Z, Xu S, Zhang N, Ma S, Ru L, Liu E, Liu T, Hayakawa S, Yang L, Shimizu H, Hamill C, Murphy AS, Su J, Fang X, Chae K, Kwag M, Cha S, Duy N, Uyen N, Kim D, Pizzone R, La Cognata M, Cherubini S, Romano S, Tumino A, Liang J, Psaltis A, Sferrazza M, Kim D, Li Y, Kubono S. First measurement of 25Al+p resonant scattering relevant to the astrophysical reaction 22Mg( α,p) 25Al. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226005001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I X-ray bursts (XRBs) are the most frequently observed thermonuclear explosions in nature. The 22Mg(α,p)25Al reaction plays a critical role in XRB models. However, experimental information is insufficient to deduce a precise 22Mg(α,p)25Al reaction rate for the respective XRB temperature range. A new measurement of 25Al+p resonant scattring was performed up to the astrophysically interested energy region of 22Mg(α,p)25Al. Several resonances were observed in the excitation functions, and their level properties have been determined based on an R-matrix analysis. In particular, proton widths and spin-parities of four natural-parity resonances above the α threshold of 26Si, which can contribute the reaction rate of 22Mg(α,p)25Al, were first experimentally determined.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamaguchi H, Hayakawa S, Ma N, Shimizu H, Okawa K, Yang L, Kahl D, La Cognata M, Lamia L, Abe K, Beliuskina O, Cha S, Chae K, Cherubini S, Figuera P, Ge Z, Gulino M, Hu J, Inoue A, Iwasa N, Kim A, Kim D, Kiss G, Kubono S, La Commara M, Lattuada M, Lee E, Moon J, Palmerini S, Parascandolo C, Park S, Phong VH, Pierroutsakou D, Pizzone R, Rapisarda G, Romano S, Spitaleri C, Tang X, Trippella O, Tumino A, Zhang N, Lam Y, Heger A, Jacobs A, Xu S, Ma S, Ru L, Liu E, Liu T, Hamill C, St J. Murphy A, Su J, Fang X, Kwag M, Duy N, Uyen N, Kim D, Liang J, Psaltis A, Sferrazza M, Johnston Z, Li Y. Experimental studies on astrophysical reactions at the low-energy RI beam separator CRIB. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226003003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies on astrophysical reactions involving radioactive isotopes (RI) often accompany technical challenges. Studies on such nuclear reactions have been conducted at the low-energy RI beam separator CRIB, operated by Center for Nuclear Study, the University of Tokyo. We discuss two cases of astrophysical reaction studies at CRIB; one is for the 7Be+n reactions which may affect the primordial 7Li abundance in the Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, and the other is for the 22Mg(α, p) reaction relevantin X-raybursts.
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu J, Yamaguchi H, Lam YH, Heger A, Kahl D, Jacobs AM, Johnston Z, Xu SW, Zhang NT, Ma SB, Ru LH, Liu EQ, Liu T, Hayakawa S, Yang L, Shimizu H, Hamill CB, Murphy ASJ, Su J, Fang X, Chae KY, Kwag MS, Cha SM, Duy NN, Uyen NK, Kim DH, Pizzone RG, La Cognata M, Cherubini S, Romano S, Tumino A, Liang J, Psaltis A, Sferrazza M, Kim D, Li YY, Kubono S. Advancement of Photospheric Radius Expansion and Clocked Type-I X-Ray Burst Models with the New ^{22}Mg(α,p)^{25}Al Reaction Rate Determined at the Gamow Energy. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:172701. [PMID: 34739292 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.172701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the first (in)elastic scattering measurement of ^{25}Al+p with the capability to select and measure in a broad energy range the proton resonances in ^{26}Si contributing to the ^{22}Mg(α,p) reaction at type I x-ray burst energies. We measured spin-parities of four resonances above the α threshold of ^{26}Si that are found to strongly impact the ^{22}Mg(α,p) rate. The new rate advances a state-of-the-art model to remarkably reproduce light curves of the GS 1826-24 clocked burster with mean deviation <9% and permits us to discover a strong correlation between the He abundance in the accreting envelope of the photospheric radius expansion burster and the dominance of ^{22}Mg(α,p) branch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), the University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
| | - Y H Lam
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - A Heger
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
- OzGrav-Monash-Monash Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Vic 3800, Australia
- Center of Excellence for Astrophysics in Three Dimensions (ASTRO-3D), Australia
- The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Kahl
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics, IFIN-HH, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - A M Jacobs
- The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Z Johnston
- The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S W Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N T Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S B Ma
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L H Ru
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - E Q Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - T Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S Hayakawa
- Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), the University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Yang
- Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), the University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), the University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C B Hamill
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - A St J Murphy
- SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - J Su
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - X Fang
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China
| | - K Y Chae
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - M S Kwag
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S M Cha
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - N N Duy
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - N K Uyen
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - R G Pizzone
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN, Via S. Sofia 62, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - M La Cognata
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN, Via S. Sofia 62, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - S Cherubini
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN, Via S. Sofia 62, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - S Romano
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN, Via S. Sofia 62, Catania 95123, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Ettore Majorana"-Università degli Studi di Catania, Via. Sofia, 64 95123 Catania, Italy
- Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e Struttura della Materia (CSFNSM), Via. Sofia, 64 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - A Tumino
- Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFN, Via S. Sofia 62, Catania 95123, Italy
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Enna "Kore," Enna 94100, Italy
| | - J Liang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - A Psaltis
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - M Sferrazza
- Département de Physique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles B-1050, Belgium
| | - D Kim
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Y Y Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - S Kubono
- Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), the University of Tokyo, RIKEN campus, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao B, Giraud S, Li KA, Sieverding A, Zegers RGT, Tang X, Ash J, Ayyad-Limonge Y, Bazin D, Biswas S, Brown BA, Chen J, DeNudt M, Farris P, Gabler JM, Gade A, Ginter T, Grinder M, Heger A, Hultquist C, Hill AM, Iwasaki H, Kwan E, Li J, Longfellow B, Maher C, Ndayisabye F, Noji S, Pereira J, Qi C, Rebenstock J, Revel A, Rhodes D, Sanchez A, Schmitt J, Sumithrarachchi C, Sun BH, Weisshaar D. New ^{59}Fe Stellar Decay Rate with Implications for the ^{60}Fe Radioactivity in Massive Stars. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:152701. [PMID: 33929230 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.152701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discrepancy between observations from γ-ray astronomy of the ^{60}Fe/^{26}Al γ-ray flux ratio and recent calculations is an unresolved puzzle in nuclear astrophysics. The stellar β-decay rate of ^{59}Fe is one of the major nuclear uncertainties impeding us from a precise prediction. The important Gamow-Teller strengths from the low-lying states in ^{59}Fe to the ^{59}Co ground state are measured for the first time using the exclusive measurement of the ^{59}Co(t,^{3}He+γ)^{59}Fe charge-exchange reaction. The new stellar decay rate of ^{59}Fe is a factor of 3.5±1.1 larger than the currently adopted rate at T=1.2 GK. Stellar evolution calculations show that the ^{60}Fe production yield of an 18 solar mass star is decreased significantly by 40% when using the new rate. Our result eliminates one of the major nuclear uncertainties in the predicted yield of ^{60}Fe and alleviates the existing discrepancy of the ^{60}Fe/^{26}Al ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S Giraud
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K A Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - A Sieverding
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R G T Zegers
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - X Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Ash
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Ayyad-Limonge
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Bazin
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Biswas
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B A Brown
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Chen
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M DeNudt
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - P Farris
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J M Gabler
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Gade
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Ginter
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Grinder
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Heger
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - C Hultquist
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A M Hill
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Iwasaki
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E Kwan
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Li
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B Longfellow
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Maher
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Ndayisabye
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Noji
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Pereira
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Qi
- Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - J Rebenstock
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Revel
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Rhodes
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Sanchez
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Schmitt
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Sumithrarachchi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B H Sun
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- International Research Center for Nuclei and Particles in the Cosmos, Beijing 100191, China
| | - D Weisshaar
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Heger A, Neisser-Svae A, Trawnicek L, Triulzi D. Thrombin generation potential and clot-forming capacity of thawed fresh-frozen plasma, plasma frozen within 24 h and solvent/detergent-treated plasma (octaplasLG ® ), during 5-day storage at 1-6°C. Vox Sang 2018; 113:485-488. [PMID: 29687444 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To enable rapid availability of plasma in emergency situations, the shelf-life of thawed fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) has been extended from 24 h to 5 days. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thrombin generation (TG) potential and clot-forming ability during 5 days of refrigerated storage of thawed FFP, plasma frozen within 24 h and solvent/detergent-treated plasma octaplasLG® . During storage for 5 days, TG capacity decreased significantly over time, and rotational thromboelastometry showed significantly prolonged clotting times. However, the stability studies confirmed comparable in vitro haemostatic potentials of all three thawed plasma products at day 5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H, Plasma Research & Development, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Neisser-Svae
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H, Medical Affairs, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Trawnicek
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H, Clinical Research & Development, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Triulzi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Heger
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heger A, Janisch S, Pock K, Römisch J. Comparative biochemical studies of fresh frozen plasma and pooled solvent/detergent-treated plasma (octaplasLG ® ) with focus on protein S and its impact in different thrombin generation assay set-ups. Vox Sang 2016; 111:266-273. [PMID: 27232115 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The solvent/detergent treatment enables effective and robust inactivation of all lipid-enveloped viruses, but also inactivates partly sensitive plasma proteins such as protein S. The aim of this study was to investigate the thrombin generation capacity of octaplasLG® , in particular focusing on the function of protein S in thrombin generation assay and the impact of assay settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen octaplasLG® batches and 32 units of single donor fresh frozen plasma (FFP) were investigated. For protein S, both functional activity and free antigen levels were measured. Thrombin generation assay was performed using two fluorogenic tests with different triggers. Finally, rotational thromboelastometry was performed. RESULTS Mean protein S levels were lower in octaplasLG® , but a wider range of values was found for FFP. Clotting parameters and thrombin generation capacities overlapped between the two plasma groups as demonstrated using both thrombin generation assays and different triggers. Spiking studies with protein S-depleted plasma, human purified protein S or antibodies against protein S confirmed a correlation between protein S and thrombin generation capacity under specific assay conditions, especially in an assay with low tissue factor concentration. CONCLUSION Correlation between protein S and thrombin generation capacity was demonstrated in the TGA. Due to higher variability in protein S content in the FFP group, overlapping haemostatic potentials of the two plasma groups were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktiosges.m.b.H, Research & Development, Vienna, Austria.
| | - S Janisch
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktiosges.m.b.H, Research & Development, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Pock
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktiosges.m.b.H, Research & Development, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Römisch
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktiosges.m.b.H, Research & Development, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sieverding A, Huther L, Martínez-Pinedo G, Langanke K, Heger A. Neutrino nucleosynthesis in core-collapse Supernova explosions. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201610906004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
11
|
Tang X, Bucher B, Fang X, Heger A, Almaraz-Calderon S, Alongi A, Ayangeakaa A, Beard M, Best A, Browne J, Cahillane C, Couder M, deBoer R, Kontos A, Lamm L, Li Y, Long A, Lu W, Lyons S, Notani M, Patel D, Paul N, Pignatari M, Roberts A, Robertson D, Smith K, Stech E, Talwar R, Tan W, Wiescher M, Woosley S. First direct measurement of 12C( 12C,n) 23Mg at stellar energies. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201610904009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
12
|
Keller SC, Bessell MS, Frebel A, Casey AR, Asplund M, Jacobson HR, Lind K, Norris JE, Yong D, Heger A, Magic Z, Da Costa GS, Schmidt BP, Tisserand P. A single low-energy, iron-poor supernova as the source of metals in the star SMSS J031300.36−670839.3. Nature 2014; 506:463-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nature12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
13
|
Heger A, Ferk F, Nersesyan A, Szekeres T, Kundi M, Wagner K, Haidinger G, Mišík M, Knasmüller S. Intake of a resveratrol-containing dietary supplement has no impact on DNA stability in healthy subjects. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2012; 749:82-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
14
|
Heger A, Sator M, Pietrowski D. Endometrial Receptivity and its Predictive Value for IVF/ICSI-Outcome. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012; 72:710-715. [PMID: 25258462 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1315059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial receptivity plays a crucial role in the establishment of a healthy pregnancy in cycles of assisted reproduction. The endometrium as a key factor during reproduction can be assessed in multiple ways, most commonly through transvaginal grey-scale or 3-D ultrasound. It has been shown that controlled ovarian hyperstimulation has a great impact on the uterine lining, which leads to different study results for the predictive value of endometrial factors measured on different cycle days. There is no clear consensus on whether endometrial factors are appropriate to predict treatment outcome and if so, which one is suited best. The aim of this review is to summarize recent findings of studies about the influence of endometrial thickness, volume and pattern on IVF- and ICSI-treatment outcome and provide an overview of future developments in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Sator
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ; Fertility Center Doebling, Ambulatorium Doebling, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Pietrowski
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ; Fertility Center Doebling, Ambulatorium Doebling, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Steward R, Goldsberry S, Hernandez A, Melamed A, Segall-Gutierrez P, Heger A. Incidence of pregnancy after use of emergency contraception in sexually assaulted women. Contraception 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
16
|
Heger A, Bailey A, Neisser-Svae A, Ertl M, Römisch J, Svae TE. Removal of prion infectivity by affinity ligand chromatography during OctaplasLG® manufacturing - results from animal bioassay studies. Vox Sang 2011; 102:294-301. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2011.01563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Haraida S, Lochbühler H, Heger A, Nerlich A, Diebold J, Wiest I, Müller-Höcker J, Löhrs U. Congenital Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia: Rare Cause of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/15513819709168760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Neisser-Svae A, Bailey A, Gregori L, Heger A, Jordan S, Behizad M, Reichl H, Römisch J, Svae TE. Prion removal effect of a specific affinity ligand introduced into the manufacturing process of the pharmaceutical quality solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated plasma OctaplasLG®. Vox Sang 2009; 97:226-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2009.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Heger A, Svae TE, Neisser-Svae A, Jordan S, Behizad M, Römisch J. Biochemical quality of the pharmaceutically licensed plasma OctaplasLG®after implementation of a novel prion protein (PrPSc) removal technology and reduction of the solvent/detergent (S/D) process time. Vox Sang 2009; 97:219-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2009.01190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Alba-Alejandre I, Hiedl S, Heger A, Hantschmann P, Kainer F. Spontane postnatale Remission bei massiver intrauteriner Dilatation der Darmschlingen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1222861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
21
|
Heger A, Römisch J, Svae TE. A biochemical quality study of a pharmaceutically licenced coagulation active plasma (Octaplas) thawed by the SAHARA-III dry tempering system compared to the regular use of a water bath. Vox Sang 2007; 94:48-55. [PMID: 18021185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2007.00993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The most common way to thaw frozen coagulation-active plasma products for transfusion is the use of a water bath with good circulation at 30-37 degrees C. The aim of this study was to perform an extensive biochemical characterization of the pharmaceutically licenced solvent/detergent-treated plasma, Octaplas, thawed using the SAHARA-III dry tempering system from the company Sarstedt GmbH, Austria. A regular water bath was used in parallel for comparison. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six batches Octaplas with different blood groups were thawed in a water bath or using the SAHARA-III dry tempering system in parallel. Thawed plasma was investigated on screening tests for blood coagulation, as well as on the activities of important coagulation factors and protease inhibitors. In addition, markers of activated coagulation and fibrinolysis were tested and von Willebrand factor multimeric analysis was performed. RESULTS There were neither significant differences in the blood coagulation parameters, coagulation factors, protease inhibitors, nor of markers of activated coagulation and fibrinolysis when Octaplas thawed by the two different methods was tested. The von Willebrand factor analyses showed no influence on the overall profile of the multimeric pattern when using the SAHARA-III dry tempering system. CONCLUSION Octaplas can be thawed using the SAHARA-III dry tempering system without any negative influences on the demonstrated quality of this product. The SAHARA-III dry tempering system enables standardized thawing and warming procedure. Furthermore, tempering of Octaplas in the emergency unit or operating theatre, where no water baths can be utilized, is safe and can be fully endorsed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H, Pre-Clinical Research & Development Department, Oberlaaer Strasse 235, A-1100 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Byelikov A, Adachi T, Fujita H, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Hatanaka K, Heger A, Kalmykov Y, Kawase K, Langanke K, Martínez-Pinedo G, Nakanishi K, von Neumann-Cosel P, Neveling R, Richter A, Sakamoto N, Sakemi Y, Shevchenko A, Shimbara Y, Shimizu Y, Smit FD, Tameshige Y, Tamii A, Woosley SE, Yosoi M. Gamow-Teller strength in the exotic odd-odd nuclei 138La and 180Ta and its relevance for neutrino nucleosynthesis. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:082501. [PMID: 17359091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.082501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The Gamow-Teller strength distributions below the particle threshold in 138La and 180Ta, deduced from high-resolution measurements of the (3He,t) reaction at 0 degrees, allow us to evaluate the role of charged-current reactions for the production of these extremely rare nuclides in neutrino-nucleosynthesis models. The analysis suggests that essentially all 138La in the Universe can be made that way. Neutrino nucleosynthesis also contributes significantly to the abundance of 180Ta but the magnitude depends on the unknown branching ratio for population of the long-lived isomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Byelikov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Heger A, Römisch J, Svae T. A biochemical comparison of Octaplas with a universally applicable development product (Uniplas) and single-donor fresh-frozen plasmas subjected to methylene-blue dye and white-light treatment. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC4095428 DOI: 10.1186/cc5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
25
|
Heger A, Kannicht C, Römisch J, Svae TE. Normal levels of ADAMTS13 and factor H are present in the pharmaceutically licensed plasma for transfusion (Octaplas®) and in the universally applicable plasma (Uniplas) in development. Vox Sang 2006; 92:206-12. [PMID: 17348869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2006.00884.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The pathomechanism of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is associated with a severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 and factor H. The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of ADAMTS13 and factor H in the pharmaceutically licensed plasma for transfusion, Octaplas, and the universally applicable plasma, Uniplas (development product, working title). Furthermore, Octaplas batches of blood groups A, B, O, AB, and plasmas derived from different sources were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four Octaplas and three Uniplas batches were selected for the study. ADAMTS13 activities were measured by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay, ADAMTS13 antigen levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit, while factor H antigen levels were detected using radial immunodiffusion (RID) methods. In addition, von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimeric analyses were performed. RESULTS Both Octaplas, produced from US and European plasma of different blood groups, and Uniplas contain ADAMTS13 antigen and activity levels as well as factor H concentrations at normal levels without significant differences. In addition, Octaplas and Uniplas show a vWF multimeric pattern comparable to normal plasma. CONCLUSION The study revealed that Octaplas and Uniplas contain normal levels of ADAMTS13 at low batch-to-batch variations. Therefore, both products can substitute the missing or neutralized protease activity in TTP patients and thereby limit vWF-dependent (platelet-related) thrombosis. In addition, both plasma products contain factor H at a physiological level, and, thus can be used efficiently in the treatment of aHUS patients, which have been shown to benefit from plasma administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges.m.b.H, Pre-Clinical Research & Development, Oberlaaer Strasse 235, A-1100 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
V Schweinitz D, Heger A, Hofmann U. [The pediatric surgeon's role in intensive care]. Chirurg 2006; 77:696-9. [PMID: 16865349 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-006-1224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to adult surgery, pediatric surgery today is particularly dependent on multidisciplinary cooperation, especially with pediatricians, neonatologists, and pediatric anesthesiologists. This is particularly important in intensive care. Pediatric surgery is not able to manage this challenge on its own because of small numbers of intensive care patients, small staff with few intensive care specialists, and little general interest. The pediatric surgeon's role in interdisciplinary intensive care is to ensure optimal treatment for his patients by helpful cooperation, commitment, and readiness to take on responsibility, together with his own irreplaceable expertise.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Congenital Abnormalities/surgery
- Cooperative Behavior
- Critical Care
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/diagnosis
- Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/surgery
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/surgery
- Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
- Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
- Patient Care Team
- Pediatrics
- Postoperative Complications/diagnosis
- Postoperative Complications/therapy
- Specialties, Surgical
- Wounds and Injuries/surgery
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D V Schweinitz
- Kinderchirurgische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 München
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nassar H, Paul M, Ahmad I, Ben-Dov Y, Caggiano J, Ghelberg S, Goriely S, Greene JP, Hass M, Heger A, Heinz A, Henderson DJ, Janssens RVF, Jiang CL, Kashiv Y, Nara Singh BS, Ofan A, Pardo RC, Pennington T, Rehm KE, Savard G, Scott R, Vondrasek R. 40Ca(alpha, gamma)44Ti reaction in the energy regime of supernova nucleosynthesis. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:041102. [PMID: 16486801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The 44Ti(t1/2=59 yr) nuclide, an important signature of supernova nucleosynthesis, has recently been observed as live radioactivity by gamma-ray astronomy from the Cas A remnant. We investigate in the laboratory the major 44Ti production reaction 40Ca(alpha, gamma)44Ti (Ec.m. approximately 0.6-1.2 MeV/u by direct off-line counting of 44Ti nuclei. The yield, significantly higher than inferred from previous experiments, is analyzed in terms of a statistical model using microscopic nuclear inputs. The associated stellar rate has important astrophysical consequences, increasing the calculated supernova 44Ti yield by a factor approximately 2 over previous estimates and bringing it closer to Cas A observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nassar
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nassar H, Paul M, Ahmad I, Berkovits D, Bettan M, Collon P, Dababneh S, Ghelberg S, Greene JP, Heger A, Heil M, Henderson DJ, Jiang CL, Käppeler F, Koivisto H, O'Brien S, Pardo RC, Patronis N, Pennington T, Plag R, Rehm KE, Reifarth R, Scott R, Sinha S, Tang X, Vondrasek R. Stellar (n,gamma) cross section of 62Ni. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:092504. [PMID: 15783960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.092504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2004] [Revised: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The 62Ni(n,gamma)63Ni(t(1/2)=100+/-2 yr) reaction plays an important role in the control of the flow path of the slow neutron-capture (s) nucleosynthesis process. We have measured for the first time the total cross section of this reaction for a quasi-Maxwellian (kT=25 keV) neutron flux. The measurement was performed by fast-neutron activation, combined with accelerator mass spectrometry to detect directly the 63Ni product nuclei. The experimental value of 28.4+/-2.8 mb, fairly consistent with a recent calculation, affects the calculated net yield of 62Ni itself and the whole distribution of nuclei with 62<A<90 produced by the weak s process in massive stars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nassar
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, 91904
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Structural genomics is the idea of covering protein space so that every protein sequence comes within model building distance of a protein of known structure. Unfortunately, reproducing the structural alignment of distantly related proteins is a difficult challenge to existing sequence alignment and motif search software. We have developed a new transitive alignment algorithm (MaxFlow), which generates accurate alignments between proteins deep in the twilight zone of sequence similarity, below 20% sequence identity. In particular, MaxFlow reliably identifies conserved core motifs between proteins which are only indirect PSI-Blast neighbours. Based on MaxFlow alignments, useful 3D models can be generated for all members of a superfamily from as few as a single structural template--despite hundreds of representatives at 40% sequence identity level and patchy detection of homology by PSI-Blast. We propose novel strategies for target prioritization using MaxFlow scores to predict the optimal templates in a superfamily. Our results support an increase in the granularity of covering protein space that has potentially enormous economic implications for planning the transition to the full production phase of structural genomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Institute of Biotechnology, PO Box 56, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bülchmann G, Schuster T, Heger A, Kuhnle U, Joppich I, Schmidt H. Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism secondary to posterior urethral valves--a case report and review of the literature. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2001; 11:277-9. [PMID: 11558022 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In transient pseudohypoaldosteronism (TPHA), renal tubular resistance to aldosterone is thought to be secondary to renal disease. We report a case of TPHA caused by posterior urethral valves associated with urinary tract infection and review 62 cases previously reported. The infant presented with unspecific signs of vomiting and dehydration, so that pyloric stenosis was first suspected. Laboratory data and retroperitoneal sonography led to the diagnosis TPHA. This case illustrates that urine culture and renal ultrasonography should be performed in any infant with electrolyte disturbances to exclude infection or obstructive uropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Bülchmann
- Kinderchirurgische Klinik im Dr. von Haunerschen Kinderspital, Klinikum Innenstadt der Universität München, München, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
MOTIVATION Evolutionary classification leads to an economical description of protein sequence data because attributes of function and structure are inherited in protein families. This paper presents Picasso, a procedure for deriving a minimal set of protein family profiles that cover all known protein sequences. RESULTS Picasso starts from highly overlapping sequence neighbourhoods revealed by all-on-all pairwise Blast alignment. Overlaps are reduced by merging sequences or parts of sequences into multiple alignments. For maximum unification, the multiple alignments must reach into the twilight zone of sequence similarity. Sensitive and selective profile-profile comparison allows unification down to about 15% pairwise sequence identity. Families unified through a short conserved sequence motif are associated with multiple full-length alignments describing different subfamilies. Domains that are mobile modules are identified based on their association with different sets of neighbours. The result is 10000 unified domain families (excluding singletons) representing functionally related proteins and recovering classical prolific domain types in high numbers. The classification is useful, for example, in developing strategies for efficient database searching and for selecting targets to complete the map of all 3-D structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Structural Genomics Group, EMBL-EBI, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Evolutionary classification leads to an economical description of the protein sequence universe because attributes of function and structure are inherited in protein families. Efficient strategies of functional and structural genomics therefore target one representative from each family. Enumerating all families and establishing family membership consistently based on sequence similarities are nontrivial computational problems. Emerging concepts and caveats of global sequence clustering are reviewed. Explicit multiple alignments coupled with neighbourhood analysis lead to domain segmentation, and hierarchical unification helps to resolve conflicts and validate clusters. Eventually, every part of every sequence will be assigned to a domain family which is uniquely associated with a fold and a molecular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Structural Genomics Group, EMBL-EBI, 10 1SD, Cambridge CB, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Heger A, Langanke K, Martínez-Pinedo G, Woosley SE. Presupernova collapse models with improved weak-interaction rates. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:1678-1681. [PMID: 11290222 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Improved values for stellar weak-interaction rates have been recently calculated based upon a large shell-model diagonalization. Using these new rates (for both beta decay and electron capture), we have examined the presupernova evolution of massive stars in the range (15--40)M(o). Comparing our new models with a standard set of presupernova models by Woosley and Weaver, we find significantly larger values for the electron-to-baryon ratio at the onset of collapse and smaller iron core masses. These changes may have important consequences for nucleosynthesis and the supernova explosion mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- UCO/Lick Observatory, University of California, Santa Cruz, 95064, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dietmann S, Park J, Notredame C, Heger A, Lappe M, Holm L. A fully automatic evolutionary classification of protein folds: Dali Domain Dictionary version 3. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:55-7. [PMID: 11125048 PMCID: PMC29815 DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dali Domain Dictionary (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/dali/domain) is a numerical taxonomy of all known structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The taxonomy is derived fully automatically from measurements of structural, functional and sequence similarities. Here, we report the extension of the classification to match the traditional four hierarchical levels corresponding to: (i) supersecondary structural motifs (attractors in fold space), (ii) the topology of globular domains (fold types), (iii) remote homologues (functional families) and (iv) homologues with sequence identity above 25% (sequence families). The computational definitions of attractors and functional families are new. In September 2000, the Dali classification contained 10 531 PDB entries comprising 17 101 chains, which were partitioned into five attractor regions, 1375 fold types, 2582 functional families and 3724 domain sequence families. Sequence families were further associated with 99 582 unique homologous sequences in the HSSP database, which increases the number of effectively known structures several-fold. The resulting database contains the description of protein domain architecture, the definition of structural neighbours around each known structure, the definition of structurally conserved cores and a comprehensive library of explicit multiple alignments of distantly related protein families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Dietmann
- Structural Genomics Group, EMBL-EBI, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Many large proteins have evolved by internal duplication and many internal sequence repeats correspond to functional and structural units. We have developed an automatic algorithm, RADAR, for segmenting a query sequence into repeats. The segmentation procedure has three steps: (i) repeat length is determined by the spacing between suboptimal self-alignment traces; (ii) repeat borders are optimized to yield a maximal integer number of repeats, and (iii) distant repeats are validated by iterative profile alignment. The method identifies short composition biased as well as gapped approximate repeats and complex repeat architectures involving many different types of repeats in the query sequence. No manual intervention and no prior assumptions on the number and length of repeats are required. Comparison to the Pfam-A database indicates good coverage, accurate alignments, and reasonable repeat borders. Screening the Swissprot database revealed 3,000 repeats not annotated in existing domain databases. A number of these repeats had been described in the literature but most were novel. This illustrates how in times when curated databases grapple with ever increasing backlogs, automatic (re)analysis of sequences provides an efficient way to capture this important information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
MOTIVATION How critical is the sequence order information in predicting protein secondary structure segments? We tried to get a rough insight on it from a theoretical approach using both a prediction algorithm and structural fragments from Protein Databank (PDB). RESULTS Using reverse protein sequences and PDB structural fragments, we theoretically estimated the significance of the order for protein secondary structure and prediction. On average: (1) 79% of protein sequence segments resulted in the same prediction in both normal and reverse directions, which indicated a relatively high conservation of secondary structure propensity in the reverse direction; (2) the reversed sequence prediction alone performed less accurately than the normal forward sequence prediction, but comparably high (2% difference); (3) the commonly predicted regions showed a slightly higher prediction accuracy (4%) than the normal sequences prediction; and (4) structural fragments which have counterparts in reverse direction in the same protein showed a comparable degree of secondary structure conservation (73% identity with reversed structures on average for pentamers). CONTACT jong@biosophy.org; dietmann@ebi.ac.uk; heger@ebi.ac.uk; holm@ebi.ac.uk
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Park
- The European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL Outstation, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Many large proteins have evolved by internal duplication and many internal sequence repeats correspond to functional and structural units. We have developed an automatic algorithm, RADAR, for segmenting a query sequence into repeats. The segmentation procedure has three steps: (i) repeat length is determined by the spacing between suboptimal self-alignment traces; (ii) repeat borders are optimized to yield a maximal integer number of repeats, and (iii) distant repeats are validated by iterative profile alignment. The method identifies short composition biased as well as gapped approximate repeats and complex repeat architectures involving many different types of repeats in the query sequence. No manual intervention and no prior assumptions on the number and length of repeats are required. Comparison to the Pfam-A database indicates good coverage, accurate alignments, and reasonable repeat borders. Screening the Swissprot database revealed 3,000 repeats not annotated in existing domain databases. A number of these repeats had been described in the literature but most were novel. This illustrates how in times when curated databases grapple with ever increasing backlogs, automatic (re)analysis of sequences provides an efficient way to capture this important information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
MOTIVATION Biological sequence databases are highly redundant for two main reasons: 1. various databanks keep redundant sequences with many identical and nearly identical sequences 2. natural sequences often have high sequence identities due to gene duplication. We wanted to know how many sequences can be removed before the databases start losing homology information. Can a database of sequences with mutual sequence identity of 50% or less provide us with the same amount of biological information as the original full database? RESULTS Comparisons of nine representative sequence databases (RSDB) derived from full protein databanks showed that the information content of sequence databases is not linearly proportional to its size. An RSDB reduced to mutual sequence identity of around 50% (RSDB50) was equivalent to the original full database in terms of the effectiveness of homology searching. It was a third of the full database size which resulted in a six times faster iterative profile searching. The RSDBs are produced at different granularity for efficient homology searching. AVAILABILITY All the RSDB files generated and the full analysis results are available through internet: ftp://ftp.ebi.ac. uk/pub/contrib/jong/RSDB/http://cyrah.e bi.ac.uk:1111/Proj/Bio/RSDB
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Park
- The European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL Outstation, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Krivan V, Heger A, Hauptkorn S. Slurry sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for trace element analysis of high-purity tungsten trioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/s002160050669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
40
|
Haraida S, Lochbühler H, Heger A, Nerlich A, Diebold J, Wiest I, Müller-Höcker J, Löhrs U. Congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia: rare cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension. Pediatr Pathol Lab Med 1997; 17:959-975. [PMID: 9353836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on a rare case of fatal congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia. The newborn boy of a 37 weeks' normal gestation suffered from persistent pulmonary hypertension without any cardiovascular malformation and died at the age of 4 weeks despite intensive treatment. The autopsy tissue was examined histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. Moreover, a three-dimensional tissue reconstruction based on serial sections was performed comparing the affected lung with normal lung tissue. We observed a unique pattern of pulmonary dysplasia: An extreme decrease of capillaries was localized centrally within thickened intra-acinar septa instead of capillaries intensely neighboring pneumocytes; ectatic veins normally running in the interlobular septa were found to accompany intralobular bronchovascular bundles, denying a clear distinction between pulmonary and bronchial veins; small muscular pulmonary arteries extended to the precapillary level and type 2 pneumocytes exceeded by far the type 1 pneumocytes, inverting the normal ratio. In summary, alveolar capillary dysplasia is assumed to be a primary capillary disorder of unknown origin, which possibly involves the regular differentiation of pneumocytes, according to the close alveolocapillary relationship during pulmonary ontogenesis. We consider the venous alterations as being part of the dysplasia, whereas the arterial phenomena might occur secondarily. Recent reports on affected siblings suggest a genetic component of pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Haraida
- Institute of Pathology, University of Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
We report the case of a newborn with a large left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who required extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe respiratory insufficiency. CDH repair had to be performed on bypass circulation. Intraoperatively, an atypical hemihepatectomy of the herniated lobe was conducted, because reposition of the liver led to a kinking of the vena cava and to a torsion of the right lobe, resulting in ischemia and compromised venous flow. The extraordinary anatomical indication and the potential danger of uncontrollable bleeding are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Till
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. v. Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Thirty-nine girls aged 6 to 12 participated in this study, each having been referred for evaluation of suspected child sexual abuse. The study investigated the prevalence of depression in the sample as well as the relationship of depressive symptoms to severity of abuse and potential mediator variables. The Child Behaviour Checklist and Child Depression Inventory were used to asses the severity of depression. A composite score for severity of abuse was derived from child disclosure and medical findings. Results indicated that 67% of the children could be classified as experiencing symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of depression. Severity of abuse was not significantly correlated with depression intensity scores. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that a high number of stressful life events and low IQ were significant predictors of depression scores. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Koverola
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Berenson A, Heger A, Andrews S. Appearance of the hymen in newborns. Pediatrics 1991; 87:458-65. [PMID: 2011421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the genital anatomy of female newborns. Hymenal configuration and the number and location of clefts, bumps, tags, and ridges were observed in 468 neonates; photographs for confirmation were obtained for 449 neonates (96%). Hymenal configurations observed included an annular hymen with a central or ventrally displaced orifice in 80% (372/468) of neonates, a fimbriated hymen in 19% (90/468), and a septated or cribriform hymen in 1% (6/468). Configurations significantly differed by race (P less than .001) but no difference was noted by gestational age or weight. Clefts, which occurred only on the ventral 180 degrees of the rim, were observed in 34% of neonates with an annular hymen. Fifty-six percent of neonates had a longitudinal intravaginal ridge, 87% had an external hymenal ridge, and 13% had a tag extending from the rim or a ridge. Periurethral ligaments were frequently observed. It is concluded that lateral and ventral clefts, intravaginal and external ridges, and periurethral bands are normal anatomical findings in the newborn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Berenson
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550-2776
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rätzsch M, Dunsch L, Petzold G, Petr A, Heger A. Pfropfcopolymerisation von kationischen Monomeren auf strahlenchemisch gebildete Radikale in Cellulose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/actp.1990.010411207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
45
|
Heger A, Emans SJ. Introital diameter as the criterion for sexual abuse. Pediatrics 1990; 85:222-3. [PMID: 2296512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Heger
- Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Heger A. E. Reichmanis, J. H. O'Donnell (eds). The effects of radiation on high-technology polymers. ACS Symposium Series 381. Developed from a workshop sponsored by the Division of Polymer Chemistry, Inc., of the American Chemical Society and the Polymer Division of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. Queensland, Australia, August 16–19, 1987. American Chemical Society: Washington, D.C. 1989, 272 S, Preis: US $ 54.95, Export US $ 65.95, ISBN – 0-8412-1558-8. Cryst Res Technol 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.2170241217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
47
|
Raetzsch M, Paessler H, Heger A. Technological aspects of planar structurizing on woven and knitted fabrics by localized radiation induced grafting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(85)90124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|