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Williams MB, Campuzano-Jost P, Hynes AJ, Pounds AJ. Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Reaction of the OH Radical with Alkyl Sulfides: 3. Kinetics and Mechanism of the OH Initiated Oxidation of Dimethyl, Dipropyl, and Dibutyl Sulfides: Reactivity Trends in the Alkyl Sulfides and Development of a Predictive Expression for the Reaction of OH with DMS. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:6697-709. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9010668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Williams
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - P. Campuzano-Jost
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - A. J. Hynes
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - A. J. Pounds
- Department of Chemistry, Mercer University, 1400 Coleman Avenue, Macon, Georgia 31207
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Williams MB, Campuzano-Jost P, Pounds AJ, Hynes AJ. Experimental and theoretical studies of the reaction of the OH radical with alkyl sulfides: 2. Kinetics and mechanism of the OH initiated oxidation of methylethyl and diethyl sulfides; observations of a two channel oxidation mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4370-82. [PMID: 17687484 DOI: 10.1039/b703957n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pulsed laser photolysis-pulsed laser induced fluorescence technique has been employed to measure rate coefficients for the OH initiated oxidation of methylethyl sulfide (MES) and diethylsulfide (DES). In the absence of oxygen and at low sulfide concentrations we measure rate coefficients that are independent of pressure and temperature. At high sulfide concentrations and a temperature of 245 K, we observed the equilibration of MESOH and DESOH adducts over the pressure range 100-600 Torr. In the presence of O(2) the observed rate coefficients show a dependence on the O(2) partial pressure. We measured the dependence of the overall rates of oxidation on the partial pressure of O(2) over the temperature range 240-295 K and at 200 and 600 Torr total pressures. All observations are consistent with oxidation proceeding via a two channel oxidation mechanism involving abstraction and addition channels, analogous to that observed in the OH initiated oxidation of dimethylsulfide (DMS). Structures and thermochemistry of the MESOH and DESOH adducts were calculated and all results compared to those for DMS. Calculated bond strengths of adducts increase with alkyl substitution but are comparable to that of the DMSOH adduct and are consistent with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Williams
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA
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Williams MB, Campuzano-Jost P, Cossairt BM, Hynes AJ, Pounds AJ. Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Reaction of the OH Radical with Alkyl Sulfides: 1. Direct Observations of the Formation of the OH−DMS Adduct−Pressure Dependence of the Forward Rate of Addition and Development of a Predictive Expression at Low Temperature. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:89-104. [PMID: 17201392 DOI: 10.1021/jp063873+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A pulsed laser photolysis-pulsed laser-induced fluorescence (PLP-PLIF) system was employed to study the kinetics and mechanisms of reactions (1) OH + h6-DMS --> products and (2) OH + d6-DMS --> products. We report direct observations of the rate coefficients for the formation and dissociation of the h6-OHDMS and d6-OHDMS adducts over the pressure range 50-650 Torr and between 240 and 245 K, together with measurements of the oxygen dependence of the effective rate coefficients for reactions 1 and 2 under similar conditions. The effective rate coefficients increased as a function of O2 concentration reaching their limiting values in each case. The values of the adduct formation rate, obtained from the O2 dependencies, were in excellent agreement with values determined from direct observation of adduct equilibration in N2. OH regeneration is insignificant. The rate coefficients for the formation of the adduct isotopomers showed slight differences in their falloff behavior and do not approach the high-pressure limit in either case. The equilibrium constants obtained show no dependence on isotopomer and are in good agreement with previous work. A "second-law" analysis of the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant gives an adduct bond strength (DeltaH degrees =-10.9 +/- 1.0 kcal mol(-1)), also in good agreement with previously reported values. Using the entropy calculated from the ab initio vibrational frequencies, we obtain a "third-law" value for the reaction enthalpy at 240 K, DeltaH(240K) degrees = -10.5 kcal mol(-1) in good agreement with the other approach. The rate coefficient for the reactions of the adducts with O2 was obtained from an analysis of the O2 dependence and was determined to be 6.3 +/- 1.2 x 10(-13) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), with no dependence on pressure or isotopomer. The pressure and temperature dependence for all of the elementary processes in the initial steps of the dimethylsulfide (DMS) oxidation mechanism have been characterized in the range 238-245 K, allowing the formulation of an expression which can be used to calculate the effective rate coefficient for reaction 1 at any pressure and oxygen concentration. The expression can calculate the effective rate coefficient for reaction 1 to +/- 40% over the range 220-260 K, with the largest errors at the extremes of this range. Gaussian 03 has been used to calculate the structure of the OH-DMS adduct and its deuterated isotopomer. We find similar bound structures for both isotopomers. The calculated enthalpies of formation of the adducts are lower than the experimentally determined values.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Williams
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, USA
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Campuzano-Jost P, Williams MB, D'Otton L, Hynes AJ. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reaction of the Hydroxyl Radical with h8-Isoprene and d8-Isoprene: Isoprene Absorption Cross Sections, Rate Coefficients, and the Mechanism of Hydroperoxyl Radical Production. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0363601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Campuzano-Jost
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098
| | - M. B. Williams
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098
| | - L. D'Otton
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098
| | - A. J. Hynes
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149-1098
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Bauer D, Campuzano-Jost P, Hynes AJ. Rapid, ultra-sensitive detection of gas phase elemental mercury under atmospheric conditions using sequential two-photon laser induced fluorescence. J Environ Monit 2002; 4:339-43. [PMID: 12094925 DOI: 10.1039/b111688f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the sensitivity of sequential two photon laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection of elemental mercury, Hg(0) in the gas phase. The most sensitive approach involves an initial laser excitation of the 6(3)P1-6(1)S0 transition at 253.7 nm, followed by excitation with a second laser to the 7(1)S0 level. Blue shifted fluorescence is observed on the 6(1)P1-6(1)S0 transition at 184.9 nm. The excitation scheme, involving sequential excitation of two atomic transitions, followed by detection of the emission from a third is extremely specific and precludes detection of anything other than atomic mercury. Using our 10 Hz laser system we have achieved a detection sensitivity of 0.1 ng m(-3) at a sampling rate of 0.1 Hz, i.e. averaging 100 laser shots at a pressure of one atmosphere in air. At low concentrations we sampled simultaneously with an automated mercury analyzer (Tekran 2537A), to ensure accuracy. We have examined the linearity of the technique, generating flows containing mercury concentrations between 1 and 10,000 ng m(-3) using a permeation tube and dynamic dilution, but relying on the concentrations given by the Tekran at low levels and the concentration calculated from dilution at high levels. We find that the detection is linear over the five orders of magnitude that we were able to vary the concentration. Our measured detection limits in He and Ar are much lower as these gases are inefficient fluorescence quenchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bauer
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, FL 33149, USA
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Stickel RE, Chin M, Daykin EP, Hynes AJ, Wine PH, Wallington TJ. Mechanistic studies of the hydroxyl-initiated oxidation of carbon disulfide in the presence of oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100153a038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hynes AJ, Wine PH, Nicovich JM. Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of hydroxyl with carbon disulfide under atmospheric conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100324a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wine PH, Nicovich JM, Hynes AJ, Wells JR. Methanethiol photolysis at 248 nm. Hydrogen atom yield and rate constant for the H + CH3SH reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100408a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hynes AJ, Stoker RB, Pounds AJ, McKay T, Bradshaw JD, Nicovich JM, Wine PH. A Mechanistic Study of the Reaction of OH with Dimethyl-d6 Sulfide. Direct Observation of Adduct Formation and the Kinetics of the Adduct Reaction with O2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100046a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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D'Ottone L, Campuzano-Jost P, Bauer D, Hynes AJ. A Pulsed Laser Photolysis−Pulsed Laser Induced Fluorescence Study of the Kinetics of the Gas-Phase Reaction of OH with NO2. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012250n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. D'Ottone
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - P. Campuzano-Jost
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - D. Bauer
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
| | - A. J. Hynes
- Division of Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149
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Richter RC, Rosendahl AR, Hynes AJ, Lee EPF. S2(a 1Δ) production in the reaction of S 1D atoms with COS: Spectroscopy and dynamics. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hynes AJ, Wine PH. Time‐resolved resonance Raman study of the spectroscopy and kinetics of the Cl−2radical anion in aqueous solution. J Chem Phys 1988. [DOI: 10.1063/1.454926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hynes AJ, Steinberg M, Schofield K. The chemical kinetics and thermodynamics of sodium species in oxygen‐rich hydrogen flames. J Chem Phys 1984. [DOI: 10.1063/1.447052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Polanyi JC, McCaffery AJ, McCormack J, Hynes AJ, Brophy JH, Clough PN, Johnston J, Gorry PA, Nowikow CV, Grice R, Hirst DM, Jarrold MF, Birkinshaw K, Fluendy MAD, Lawley KP, Sutton D, Black GW, Child MS, Connor JNL, Jakubetz W, Laganà A, Manz J, Whitehead JC, Allison J, Johnson MA, Zare RN, Setser DW, Lee HU, Macdonald RG, Sloan JJ, Freed KF, Menzinger M, Tanin A, Wong JC, Ureña AG, Herrero VJ, Moleres FA, Schatz GC, Alexander MH, Dagdigian PJ, Wren DJ, Siska PE, Herschbach DR, Bowen KH, Liesegang GW. General discussion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1039/dc9796700110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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