1
|
Sosso FAE, Kuss DJ, Vandelanotte C, Jasso-Medrano JL, Husain ME, Curcio G, Papadopoulos D, Aseem A, Bhati P, Lopez-Rosales F, Becerra JR, D'Aurizio G, Mansouri H, Khoury T, Campbell M, Toth AJ. Insomnia, sleepiness, anxiety and depression among different types of gamers in African countries. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1937. [PMID: 32029773 PMCID: PMC7005289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaming has increasingly become a part of life in Africa. Currently, no data on gaming disorders or their association with mental disorders exist for African countries. This study for the first time investigated (1) the prevalence of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depression among African gamers, (2) the association between these conditions and gamer types (i.e., non-problematic, engaged, problematic and addicted) and (3) the predictive power of socioeconomic markers (education, age, income, marital status, employment status) on these conditions. 10,566 people from 2 low- (Rwanda, Gabon), 6 lower-middle (Cameroon, Nigeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Senegal, Ivory Coast) and 1 upper-middle income countries (South Africa) completed online questionnaires containing validated measures on insomnia, sleepiness, anxiety, depression and gaming addiction. Results showed our sample of gamers (24 ± 2.8 yrs; 88.64% Male), 30% were addicted, 30% were problematic, 8% were engaged and 32% were non-problematic. Gaming significantly contributed to 86.9% of the variance in insomnia, 82.7% of the variance in daytime sleepiness and 82.3% of the variance in anxiety [p < 0.001]. This study establishes the prevalence of gaming, mood and sleep disorders, in a large African sample. Our results corroborate previous studies, reporting problematic and addicted gamers show poorer health outcomes compared with non-problematic gamers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F A Etindele Sosso
- Center for Advanced Studies in Sleep Medicine, Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montreal, Research Center of Cognitive Neurosciences, Institut Santé et Société, Université du Québec à Montreal, Québec, Canada.
| | - D J Kuss
- School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, International Gaming Research Unit and the Cyberpsychology Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - C Vandelanotte
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Physical Activity Research Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - J L Jasso-Medrano
- Center for Research in Nutrition and Public Health, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - M E Husain
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - G Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - D Papadopoulos
- Department of Pulmonology, Army Share Fund Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Aseem
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - P Bhati
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - F Lopez-Rosales
- Innovation and Evaluation in Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - J Ramon Becerra
- Innovation and Evaluation in Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - G D'Aurizio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - H Mansouri
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - T Khoury
- Department of Biomedical sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Campbell
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - A J Toth
- Lero Irish Software Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|