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Ibrahim EH, Alshahrani MY, Ghramh HA, El-Kott AF, Kilany M, Morsy K, Taha R, El-Mansi AA, Sayed MA, Chandramoorthy HC, Ahmed AE, Alothaid H, Khan KA, Eldib AM. Immunomodulatory and anti-cancer potential of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract and its phytogenic silver nanoparticles. J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 74. [PMID: 38085521 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2023.5.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) is one of the Myrtaceae family. It's a common flavor in food and the traditional medicine. The study's objective was to ascertain whether the clove bud aqueous extract (CAE) and CAE + nanosilver have any biological effects on immune cells and HT-29 colon cancer cell line. Nanosilver was produced through green synthesis approach using CAE. Produced nanosilver was characterized via electron microscope (scanning, SEM) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. CAE and CAE + nanosilver were examined for their active biomolecules using FTIR analysis, p53 contents using real-time PCR, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest power on HT-29 cancer cell line via flow cytometerty and immunomodulatory potential utilizing MTT assay. Results cleared that a spherical nanosilver with a diameter range of 53 nm was formed by CAE. There were several active biomolecules in CAE and CAE + nanosilver. CAE and CAE + nanosilver increased the p53 protein expression and apoptotic cell number in HT-29 colon cancer cells. CAE and CAE + nanosilver could arrest HT-29 cells at the phase G2/M. CAE and CAE + nanosilver stimulated quiescent and PHA-pre-treated splenic cells at higher concentrations, and CAE suppressed quiescent splenic cell when diluted. In conclusion, the safe edible Syzygium aromaticum plant can be utilized to make anti-tumor agent, essentially for colon tumor. As Syzygium aromaticum plant could stimulate immune cells, it can be used as immune-stimulatory agent that can help fight tumor and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Ibrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Ghramh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - M Kilany
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - K Morsy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R Taha
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia, Egypt
| | - A A El-Mansi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M A Sayed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - H C Chandramoorthy
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit and Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A E Ahmed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - H Alothaid
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - K A Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Applied College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Eldib
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- Alrayan Medical Colleges College of Medicine, Almadinah, Saudi Arabia
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