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Ďásková N, Modos I, Krbcová M, Kuzma M, Pelantová H, Hradecký J, Heczková M, Bratová M, Videňská P, Šplíchalová P, Králová M, Heniková M, Potočková J, Ouřadová A, Landberg R, Kühn T, Cahová M, Gojda J. Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:7. [PMID: 37085526 PMCID: PMC10121613 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ďásková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I Modos
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Krbcová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Hradecký
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heczková
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Bratová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Videňská
- Mendel University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Šplíchalová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Králová
- Ambis University, Department of Economics and Management, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heniková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Potočková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Ouřadová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - T Kühn
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Cahová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - J Gojda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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