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Tam JC, Link JS, Large SI, Bogstad B, Bundy A, Cook AM, Dingsør GE, Dolgov AV, Howell D, Kempf A, Pinnegar JK, Rindorf A, Schückel S, Sell AF, Smith BE. A trans-Atlantic examination of haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus food habits. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:2203-2218. [PMID: 27145075 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The food habits of Melanogrammus aeglefinus were explored and contrasted across multiple north-eastern and north-western Atlantic Ocean ecosystems, using databases that span multiple decades. The results show that among all ecosystems, echinoderms are a consistent part of M. aeglefinus diet, but patterns emerge regarding where and when M. aeglefinus primarily eat fishes v. echinoderms. Melanogrammus aeglefinus does not regularly exhibit the increase in piscivory with ontogeny that other gadoids often show, and in several ecosystems there is a lower occurrence of piscivory. There is an apparent inverse relationship between the consumption of fishes and echinoderms in M. aeglefinus over time, where certain years show high levels of one prey item and low levels of the other. This apparent binary choice can be viewed as part of a gradient of prey options, contingent upon a suite of factors external to M. aeglefinus dynamics. The energetic consequences of this prey choice are discussed, noting that in some instances it may not be a choice at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Tam
- NOAA-Fisheries, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, U.S.A
| | - J S Link
- NOAA-Fisheries, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, U.S.A
| | - S I Large
- NOAA-Fisheries, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, U.S.A
- International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES), Copenhagen, V 1553, Denmark
| | - B Bogstad
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | - A Bundy
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, B2Y 4A2, Canada
| | - A M Cook
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, B2Y 4A2, Canada
| | - G E Dingsør
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | - A V Dolgov
- Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), 6, Knipovich-Street, Murmansk, 183038, Russia
| | - D Howell
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | - A Kempf
- Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries, Palmaille 9, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J K Pinnegar
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, U.K
| | - A Rindorf
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund Slot, DK-2920, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - S Schückel
- BioConsult Schuchardt & Scholle GbR, Reeder-Bischoff-Str. 54, 28757, Bremen, Germany
| | - A F Sell
- Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries, Palmaille 9, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B E Smith
- NOAA-Fisheries, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, U.S.A
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Clausen LAW, Stæhr KJ, Rindorf A, Mosegaard H. Effect of spatial differences in growth on distribution of seasonally co-occurring herring Clupea harengus stocks. J Fish Biol 2015; 86:228-247. [PMID: 25470075 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms most likely to determine the distribution of the two major herring Clupea harengus stocks in their common early summer feeding ground in the eastern North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat were investigated through analysis of acoustic survey data from six consecutive years. No change was detected in biomass of North Sea autumn spawning C. harengus (NSAS) over time, whereas the biomass of western Baltic spring spawning C. harengus (WBSS) declined severely. Analyses of centre of abundance by stock showed no change in NSAS distribution, whereas the WBSS changed to a more western distribution over time. Contrary to previous perception of the juvenile migration, NSAS were found to leave the study area at the age between 1 and 2 years and WBSS 1 year olds were encountered in the Skagerrak. The estimated parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equations showed marked differences between areas with fish in the eastern part of the area having the lowest size at age at all ages. Further, their growth conditions appeared to deteriorate progressively over the period studied. Both NSAS and WBSS showed the highest condition in the North Sea and Skagerrak while condition was substantially lower in age Kattegat. The westward movement of spring spawners over time suggests that growth rate and possibly density of conspecifics influence the migration pattern and distribution of C. harengus in the area. In contrast, there was no evidence to suggest that distribution was constant over time within stocks or that distribution reflected size-dependent limitations on migration distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A W Clausen
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund Slot, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
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