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Alzahrani S, Ezzat W, Elshaer RE, Abd El-Lateef AS, Mohammad HMF, Elkazaz AY, Toraih E, Zaitone SA. Standarized Tribulus terrestris extract protects against rotenone-induced oxidative damage and nigral dopamine neuronal loss in mice. J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 69. [PMID: 30898986 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2018.6.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Strong evidence proposes that brain oxidative DNA damage and microglia activation contribute to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Traditional therapeutic regimens for PD can only relieve the symptoms. Tribulus terrestris (T. terrestris), a flowering plant from family Zygophyllaceae, is used in traditional medicine for treating different disorders and exerts neuroprotective and antioxidant effects in experimental models. The current study attempted to test whether treatment with T. terrestris standardized extract (TTE) can improve motor dysfunction and alleviate rotenone induced oxidative DNA damage and neurotoxicity in mice. Six groups of male Swiss albino mice were utilized. Group (1) was the vehicle (oil) group, group 2 was the rotenone control group (1 mg/kg/48 hours, subcutaneously) for 9 times, groups 3 and 4 were injected with rotenone and treated with TTE (5 or 10 mg per kg, by oral gavage) for 17 days, groups 5 and 6 served as TTE (5 or 10 mg per kg) per se groups. Motor function was measured by the pole and the open-field tests. Then, mouse brains were dissected, one hemisphere was employed for biochemical assays and the other one was used in histopathological studies. Results demonstrated that TTE ameliorated the motor dysfunctions induced by rotenone as well as markers of inflammation and DNA damage (8-OHdG and MTH1 expression). Indicators of oxidative stress and upregulation of the microglia marker (CD11b) were suppressed by the higher dose of TTE (10 mg per kg). Finally, the higher dose of TTE improved the Cresyl violet staining and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining in the substantia nigra. In summary, TTE ameliorated the locomotor dysfunction and dampened the DNA damage and oxidoinflammatory stress in rotenone-parkinsonian mice. These results suggest TTE as a potential candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alzahrani
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - W Ezzat
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R E Elshaer
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A S Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H M F Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Central Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - A Y Elkazaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egyp.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Port Daid University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - E Toraih
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Molecular Laboratory, Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - S A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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