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Henderson T, Aronson M, Dodd K, Lovell E, Putman M, Cirone M, Glowacki N, Altaher A, Salzman D, Williamson K. 33 Stress Inoculation in Emergency Medicine Residents: Effects of a Mental Performance Tool on Stress Response during a Simulated Resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Alfuwaires M, Altaher A, Alhafufi A, Kandeel M. Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus in healthy and diseased dromedaries. J CAMEL PRACT RES 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/2277-8934.2017.00036.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Michael DR, Phillips AO, Krupa A, Martin J, Redman JE, Altaher A, Neville RD, Webber J, Kim MY, Bowen T. The human hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) gene and its natural antisense RNA exhibit coordinated expression in the renal proximal tubular epithelial cell. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:19523-32. [PMID: 21357421 PMCID: PMC3103331 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.233916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the human hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) gene has been implicated in the pathology of malignancy, pulmonary arterial hypertension, osteoarthritis, asthma, thyroid dysfunction, and large organ fibrosis. Renal fibrosis is associated with increased cortical synthesis of hyaluronan (HA), an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, and we have shown that HA is a correlate of interstitial fibrosis in vivo. Our previous in vitro data have suggested that both HAS2 transcriptional induction and subsequent HAS2-driven HA synthesis may contribute to kidney fibrosis via phenotypic modulation of the renal proximal tubular epithelial cell (PTC). Post-transcriptional regulation of HAS2 mRNA synthesis by the natural antisense RNA HAS2-AS1 has recently been described in osteosarcoma cells, but the antisense transcript was not detected in kidney. In this study, PTC stimulation with IL-1β or TGF-β1 induced coordinated temporal profiles of HAS2-AS1 and HAS2 transcription. Constitutive activity of the putative HAS2-AS1 promoter was demonstrated, and transcription factor-binding sequence motifs were identified. Knockdown of Sp1/Sp3 expression by siRNA blunted IL-1β induction of both HAS2-AS1 and HAS2, and Smad2/Smad3 knockdown similarly attenuated TGF-β1 stimulation. Inhibition of IL-1β-stimulated HAS2-AS1 RNA induction using HAS2-AS1-specific siRNAs also suppressed up-regulation of HAS2 mRNA transcription. The thermodynamic feasibility of HAS2-AS1/HAS2 heterodimer formation was demonstrated in silico, and locus-specific cytoplasmic double-stranded RNA was detected in vitro. In summary, our data show that transcriptional induction of HAS2-AS1 and HAS2 occurs simultaneously in PTCs and suggest that transcription of the antisense RNA stabilizes or augments HAS2 mRNA expression in these cells via RNA/mRNA heteroduplex formation.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Glucuronosyltransferase/biosynthesis
- Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics
- Humans
- Hyaluronan Synthases
- Hyaluronic Acid/biosynthesis
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Kidney Diseases/genetics
- Kidney Diseases/metabolism
- Kidney Diseases/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/biosynthesis
- Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes/genetics
- RNA, Antisense/biosynthesis
- RNA, Antisense/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Response Elements/genetics
- Smad2 Protein/genetics
- Smad2 Protein/metabolism
- Smad3 Protein/genetics
- Smad3 Protein/metabolism
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sp3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryn R. Michael
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
| | - Aled O. Phillips
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
- the Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff Medicentre, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4UJ, and
| | - Aleksandra Krupa
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
| | - John Martin
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
- the Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff Medicentre, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4UJ, and
| | - James E. Redman
- the School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Abdalsamed Altaher
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
| | - Rachel D. Neville
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
- the Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff Medicentre, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4UJ, and
| | - Jason Webber
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
| | - Min-young Kim
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
| | - Timothy Bowen
- From the Institute of Nephrology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN
- the Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff Medicentre, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4UJ, and
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