1
|
Mikhael E, Bouazza A, Gates WP, Gibbs D. Are Geotextiles Silent Contributors of Ultrashort Chain PFASs to the Environment? Environ Sci Technol 2024. [PMID: 38733414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the presence of per- and poly fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in woven and nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles and four nonwoven polyester geotextiles commonly used in modern geosynthetic composite lining systems for waste containment facilities such as landfills. Targeted analysis for 23 environmentally significant PFAS molecules and methods for examining "PFAS total" concentrations were utilized to assess their occurrence in geotextiles. This analysis showed that most geotextile specimens evaluated in the current investigation contained the ultrashort chain PFAS compound pentafluoropropionic acid (PFPrA). While the concentrations ranged from nondetectable to 10.84 μg/g, the average measured concentrations of PFPrA were higher in polypropylene than in polyester geotextiles. "PFAS total" parameters comprising total fluorine (TF) and total oxidizable precursors (TOPs) indicate that no significant precursor mass nor untargeted intermediates were present in geotextiles. Therefore, this study identified geotextiles as a possible source of ultrashort PFASs in engineered lined waste containment facilities, which may contribute to the overall PFAS total concentrations in leachates or liquors they are in contact with. The findings reported for the first time herein may lead to further implications on the fate and migration of PFASs in geosynthetic composite liners, as previously unidentified concentrations, particularly of ultrashort-chain PFASs, may impact the extent of PFAS migration through and attenuation by constituents of geosynthetic composite liner systems. Given the widespread use of geotextiles in various engineering activities, these findings may have other unknown impacts. The significance of these findings needs to be further elucidated by more extensive studies with larger geotextile sample sizes to allow broader, generalized conclusions to be drawn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elissar Mikhael
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, 23 College Walk, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, 23 College Walk, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Will P Gates
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne-Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Melbourne, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Daniel Gibbs
- Research and Innovation, Geofabrics, 11 Production Avenue, Molendinar, Queensland 4214, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie H, Chen Y, Zhu X, Bouazza A, Yan H. Numerical simulation of different pollutant control measures around an old landfill contaminated site: A field scale study. J Environ Manage 2023; 348:119350. [PMID: 37866188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of contaminated soils is a great challenge for global environmental sciences and engineering. The landfill was a kind of infrastructure to deal with waste from different sources while it would also cause the threat to groundwater. Cut-off walls and pumping wells were usually applied in the landfill to prevent the spread of pollutants to wider areas. However, the combination of using both of methods was rarely analyzed, especially using field data for calibrating and fitting groundwater flow and pollutant transport. 7 monitoring wells were arranged in the study area to survey the subsurface seepage. The pollution monitoring was carried out for a period of 50 days, covering 31 types of inorganic and organic pollutants. The concentration of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) was 556.7 times greater than the standard concentration. A coupled numerical model of groundwater flow and pollutant transport was developed to assess the effectiveness of various control methods. Three options were tested, including the implementation of a single cut-off wall as well as a combination of a cut-off wall and a pumping well, for preventing the discharge of pollutants from landfills. The combination of a cut-off wall and a pumping well is the best strategy for removal of TCP. The combination approaches lead to a reduction of pollution plumes by a factor of 11 compared to the case without pollution control measures. The research findings may provide a basis and reference for the application of cutoff walls and pumping well in landfill sites or contaminated groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Xie
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China
| | - Xianghong Zhu
- Zhejiang Institute of Architectural Science & Design Co.Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, 23 College Walk, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia
| | - Huaxiang Yan
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie H, Shi Y, Yan H, Bouazza A, Zhu X, Wang A. Analytical model for organic contaminant transport in a cut-off wall and aquifer dual-domain system considering barrier arrangements. J Contam Hydrol 2023; 259:104259. [PMID: 37922726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2023.104259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an analytical study of organic contaminants transport in a cut-off wall and aquifer dual-domain system, considering the effects of the inlet boundary conditions and cut-off structural arrangements. The comprehensive sensitivity analysis of parameters focusing on the breakthrough time, attenuation time and cumulative concentration are presented using the Monte Carlo simulation and Sobol global method. The simplified constant inlet boundary condition can lead to an excessively conservative prediction of the contaminant breakthrough compared to the 'finite mass' and 'decaying source' boundary conditions. The cut-off wall hydraulic performance can be enhanced by reducing the contaminant's head loss, shape factor, half-life and cut-off wall hydraulic conductivity while increasing the retardation factor. The contaminant's half-life can largely influence the maximum contaminant concentration, attenuation time and breakthrough time. For example, the maximum contaminant concentrations for T1/2 = 1.4 years and T1/2 = 100 years are 13 and 123 times greater than that for T1/2 = 0.1 year, respectively. The influence of the variation of shape factor on the breakthrough curve should be taken into consideration. Altering the structural arrangement of the cut-off wall to accommodate a smaller shape factor increases the contaminant breakthrough time. The proposed solution allows the analysis of a cut-off wall and aquifer system with different inlet boundary conditions and structural arrangements of the cut-off wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China
| | - Yanghui Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China
| | - Huaxiang Yan
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China; The Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co. Ltd., 148 Tianmushan Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, 23 College Walk, Vic 3800, Australia
| | - Xianghong Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hanghzou 310007, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie H, Gu X, Yan H, Bouazza A, Zuo X, Peng Y. Field investigation of temporal variation and diffusion of hydrogen sulfide on waste working face and intermediate landfill cover. Waste Manag 2023; 169:11-22. [PMID: 37384970 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the study on the variation, influencing factors and diffusion regularity of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentration and surface flux on the working face and intermediate geomembrane cover of a landfill. Field investigations were conducted using static chambers at a large-scale municipal solid waste landfill in Hangzhou, China, from January 2019 to June 2021. The analytical models of H2S transport in the working face and intermediate cover were developed to investigate the surface flux under various conditions. The CALPUFF model was used to demonstrate the diffusion path. The H2S surface flux on the working face ranged from 7.1 × 10-3 to 1.7 mg/m2/h, whereas the range was found to be 1.5 × 10-4 to 0.9 mg/m2/h on the intermediate geomembrane cover. This observation indicated that the geomembrane can reduce H2S emissions. In addition, the H2S surface fluxes at the HDPE GMB seams and near the gas collecting wells were generally 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than that in the intact GMB. The analytical model estimates that the intact GMB exhibits a diffusion coefficient of H2S ranging from 2.7 × 10-11 to 2.2 × 10-10 m2/s. However, the diffusion coefficient increases significantly to a range of 3.3 × 10-11-9.8 × 10-7 m2/s on the GMB seams. According to CALPUFF results, only the H2S diffusion from the working face had areas exceeding the standard concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Xie
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Xiting Gu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Huaxiang Yan
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, 23 College Walk, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia
| | - Xinru Zuo
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Yingfei Peng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu J, Xie H, Zhang C, Bouazza A, Sun Z, Qiu Z. Adsorption behavior of bisphenol A on bentonite-loess mixtures. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:6360-6374. [PMID: 34449022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The leakage of chemical compounds in landfill leachate led to serious environment pollution, especially, the compounds termed endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA). It is very important to study the adsorption behavior of endocrine disruptors in modified soil for predicting and evaluating the potential harm of endocrine disruptors to the soil. Bentonite-amended Chinese loess mixtures, with various proportions of bentonite, were used for the removal of BPA from an aqueous solution. A batch test was used to investigate the adsorption properties of bisphenol A on bentonite and Chinese loess mixtures. The influences of bentonite proportion, temperature, reaction time, pH, and soil-water ratios on the adsorption process were considered. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) was used to clarify the change of functional groups before and after the adsorption of BPA on soil. The adsorption mechanism of BPA on soil was discussed preliminary. The results show that the addition of bentonite to the loess can improve the adsorption rate of BPA. The adsorption of BPA was mainly a spontaneous, exothermic, entropy decreasing physical adsorption process. The interaction between bentonite content and reaction concentration had a beneficial effect on BPA adsorption. The linear relationship between bentonite content and adsorption capacity was obtained. The results indicate that bentonite amended loess can provide a good liner for BPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, 310007, Hanghzou, China
| | - Haijian Xie
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, 310007, Hanghzou, China.
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, 310007, Hanghzou, China
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, 23 College Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Zhilin Sun
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, China
- College of Hydraulic Engineering and Architecture, Tarim University, Alaer, 843300, China
| | - Zhanhong Qiu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bouazza A, Zhang L. Temperature Variations of a Geomembrane Liner in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill from Construction to Closure. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-021-00249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
7
|
Wang Q, Zuo X, Xia M, Xie H, He F, Shen S, Bouazza A, Zhu L. Field investigation of temporal variation of volatile organic compounds at a landfill in Hangzhou, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:18162-18180. [PMID: 31037526 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Variation of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration and composition in an active landfill were monitored by a developed static chamber for 2 years. The landfill gas from 82 sampling points including 70 points on working face, 8 points on geomembrane (GMB), and 4 points on final cover were analyzed for VOCs by GC-MS. Twenty-eight types of VOCs were detected, including terpenes, sulfur compounds, aromatics, hydrocarbon, oxygenated compounds, aldehyde compounds, and halogenated compounds. Terpenes were the dominant VOCs recorded in the spring, autumn, and winter seasons, whereas sulfur compounds dominated in the summer season. Limonene, ethyl alcohol, and acetone were identified as the main VOCs emitted from the waste working face of the landfill. Limonene dominated the terpenes with a maximum concentration of 43.29 μg m-3 in the autumn season. Limonene was also the dominant VOC escaping from the defects of geomembrane temporary cover reaching an average concentration 38 μg m-3. The defects of geomembranes can be a great emission source of VOCs. Emission rate of limonene was 2.24 times higher than that on the working face. VOC concentrations on the final cover can be 166 times less than those obtained on the working face. VOC emitted from the landfill did not represent a health threat for human health. However, concentrations of methyl mercaptan and ethanethiol on the working face were 3.4-22.8 times greater than their odor threshold, which were the main compounds responsible for odor nuisance. Results obtained from CALPUFF model indicated that methyl mercaptan and ethanethiol would not be a nuisance for the residents around the landfill. However, these compounds are harmful to the workers on the landfill.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinru Zuo
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Xia
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haijian Xie
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Feiyu He
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Siliang Shen
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Lili Zhu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen S, Chen Y, Zhan L, Xie H, Bouazza A, He F, Zuo X. Methane hotspot localization and visualization at a large-scale Xi'an landfill in China: Effective tool for landfill gas management. J Environ Manage 2018; 225:232-241. [PMID: 30092550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The variation characteristics and influence factors of methane emission at Jiangchungou landfill, one of the largest landfill in China, has been investigated by a one-year field monitoring campaign during 2015-2016. The methane concentration above the landfill surface varied widely from negligible to 33,975 ppm. At least 75% of the methane concentration values of the sampling points are lower than the allowed limit (500 ppm). More than 95% of the high concentration zones (>500 ppm) were located in the temporary cover area (TA). Several environmental factors were found to be related to the variation of the concentration values. A clear correlation was observed between barometric pressure and exceeding-standard areas with a correlation coefficient of -0.743 (p < 0.1). The concentration values in the final cover area (FA) were about one order of magnitude lower than those observed in the TA due to the fact that rapid methane production rate happened in the first 180 days after the high kitchen content wastes were landfilled. The percentages of the measured concentration values exceeding 500 ppm near the gas collection wells in TA zone were 71.5% in November, 2015 and 55.7% in January, 2016 due to the leakage from the sides of gas collection wells. The average methane concentration values on the HDPE geomembrane was higher than those observed on the loess cover due to the fact that the geomembrane was relatively thin (0.5 mm) and can be easily damaged by the operation vehicles. Thicker geomembranes (>1.5 mm) with a good construction quality control are expected to provide better performance at this site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunmin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liangtong Zhan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haijian Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Abdelmalek Bouazza
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Feiyu He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinru Zuo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bouazza A, Slimani T, El Mouden H, Blouin‐Demers G, Lourdais O. Thermal constraints and the influence of reproduction on thermoregulation in a high‐altitude gecko (
Quedenfeldtia trachyblepharus
). J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Bouazza
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Écosystèmes Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Université Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Maroc
| | - T. Slimani
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Écosystèmes Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Université Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Maroc
| | - H. El Mouden
- Laboratoire Biodiversité et Dynamique des Écosystèmes Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Université Cadi Ayyad Marrakech Maroc
| | - G. Blouin‐Demers
- Département de Biologie Université d'Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - O. Lourdais
- Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Villiers en Bois France
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barbier-Baudry D, Bouazza A, Desmurs J, Dormond A, Richard S. UraniumIV and uranyle salts, efficient and reusable catalysts for acylation of aromatic compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(00)00410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
|