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Sisay A, Seid A, Tadesse S, Abebe W, Shibabaw A. Assessment of bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility status, and associated factors of isolates among hospitalized patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:116. [PMID: 38575901 PMCID: PMC10993541 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistant bacteria among hospitalized patients are becoming a major public health threat worldwide, mainly in developing countries. Infections by these multidrug resistant pathogens cause high rate of mortality, prolong hospital stays, and affect individual and country economies in greater amounts. Thus, this study aimed to assess the bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility status, and associated factors of isolates from hospitalized patients at the Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. METHODOLOGY This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2021. Consecutive sampling was used to select the study participants. All bacterial isolates were identified using standard bacteriological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of 384 clinical samples (blood, urine, stool, wound, vaginal discharge, and ear discharge) processed 180 (46.9%) were culture positive. Overall, Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate (41; 22.8%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (36; 20%). Most of the isolates were from blood (70; 38.9%). The level of overall drug resistance of the gram-negative bacteria isolates for ampicillin, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole was (104; 88.1%), (79; 75.9%), and (78; 75.0%), respectively. The overall multidrug rate of isolates was 143 (79.4%). Variables such as history of invasive procedures, chronic underlying diseases, history of hospitalization, and habit of eating raw animal products were statistically significant for the acquisition of bacterial infection. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION E. Coli and S. aureus were the most common isolates. Most of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. And also, consumption of raw animal products, chronic underlying disease, previous hospitalization, history of invasive procedures, and educational status were associated with the acquisition of bacterial infections. Therefore, routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing, proper patient management, wise use of antibiotics in clinical settings and health education are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assefa Sisay
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Selamyhun Tadesse
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Wagaw Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
| | - Agumas Shibabaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Mussema A, Admasu D, Bawore S, Abdo R, Seid A. BACTERIAL PROFILE, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT HOSANNA TOWN HEALTH FACILITIES, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA. Georgian Med News 2023:113-121. [PMID: 37991965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection in pregnancy is a common microbial infection. Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens is becoming a major health problem worldwide. The antimicrobial agents used to manage urinary tract infections during pregnancy should be carefully chosen. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the bacterial profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and factors associated with urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Hosanna town public health facilities. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2022 on a total of 312 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Hosanna Town public health facilities. Sociodemographic, clinical data, and related information were collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire. In addition, mid-stream urine specimens were collected from study participants. Bacterial pathogens were identified by standard bacteriological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Chi-square and odds ratios were calculated and a P-value≤0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. The results were presented with words and tables. Of a total of pregnant women, 59/312(18.9%) (95% CI: 14.7-23.7) were found to have significant bacteriuria. The predominant isolates were Escherichia coli (E. coli) 22(34.4%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) 10(15.6%), Staphylococci aureus (S. aureus) 7(10.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) 6(9.4%). Overall, 78.1% of these isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to meropenem (97.6%), gentamicin (85.7%), nitrofurantoin (82.1%), ciprofloxacin (73.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (73.8%) and ceftriaxone (71.8%), but highly resistant to ampicillin (95.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (74.4%), doxycycline (71.8%), cefuroxime (69.2%), and cephalexin (69.2%). The gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to gentamicin (86.4%), erythromycin (81.8%), and nitrofurantoin (77.3%): whereas they showed a high level of resistance to penicillin (72.7%), doxycycline (54.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (52.9%), and cefoxitin (52.9%). No formal education for the participant (AOR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.03-7.98, p=0.044), family monthly income <1500 birr (AOR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.48-6.89, p=0.003), and previous history of UTI (AOR: 4.52, 95% CI: 2.04-10.03, p=0.001) were significantly associated with bacteriuria. This study revealed a high prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infection among pregnant women and low susceptibility to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime, and cephalexin. Therefore, regularly, culture-based bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing should be performed. Alternatively, empiric antibiotic therapy should consider the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant uropathogens and the factor that may increase the urinary tract infection occurrence due to multi-drug resistant uropathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mussema
- 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - D Admasu
- 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - S Bawore
- 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - R Abdo
- 2Department of Midwifery, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - A Seid
- 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
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Ebrahim H, Tilahun M, Fiseha T, Debash H, Bisetegn H, Alemayehu E, Fiseha M, Ebrahim E, Shibabaw A, Seid A, Getacher Feleke D, Mohammed O. Patterns of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnosed Thyroid Nodules Among Clinically Suspected Patients in Northeast Ethiopia. PLMI 2023. [DOI: 10.2147/plmi.s399682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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Belayhun C, Tilahun M, Seid A, Shibabaw A, Sharew B, Belete MA, Demsiss W. Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, multi-drug resistance pattern and associated factors among primary school children at Debre Berhan town, North Shewa, Ethiopia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2023; 22:9. [PMID: 36681843 PMCID: PMC9867853 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-023-00557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria is the main source for transmission of pathogens across individuals and horizontal spread of organisms in the community. It is an important risk factor for the acquisition of community-acquired respiratory tract infection. It is the major public health problem among children. The asymptomatic carriage of nasopharyngeal bacteria is different globally, particularly in Africa, carriage is higher in children and decreases with increasing age, 63.2% in children less than 5 years, 42.6% in children 5-15 years, and 28.0% in adults older than 15 years. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study was to determine asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage, multi-drug resistance pattern and associated factors among primary school children at Debre Berhan town, North Shewa, Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Berhan town primary schools from February 1 to April 30, 2021. Primarily, the schools were stratified into two strata, public and private primary schools. From a total of sixteen government and fourteen private primary schools, five government and five private schools were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Socio-demographic variables and potential risk factors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. A total of 384 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected using sterile swabs aseptically; and inoculated on Blood agar, Chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and Mannitol salt agar. The colony was characterized to isolate bacteria, and bacterial identification was performed by Gram reaction, hemolysis patterns, colonial characteristics and pigmentation, catalase test, coagulase test, mannitol fermentation test, oxidase test, fermentation of carbohydrates, H2S production, motility, formation of indole, triple sugar iron agar (TSI), citrate utilization, lysine decarboxylase or methyl red vogues proskur utilization, urea hydrolysis and satellitism tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed by using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were entered into statistical package Epi data 4.0.0.6 and transferred to and analyzed using SPSS software version-23. P value of < 0.05 with Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The overall prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of bacterial isolate was 35.7% (95% CI 30.7-40.7%). The predominant isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 54.5% followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus 35.8%, and Streptococcus pyogens 4.5%. Most bacterial isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, nitrofurantoin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin; and the overall multidrug resistance pattern of isolated bacteria was 62.03% out of 137 bacterial isolates. Numbers of rooms ≤ 2 per house [AOR = 5.88, 95%CI 1.26-27.57], having history of hospitalization [AOR = 4.08, 95%CI 1.45-11.53], passive smoking [AOR = 4.87, 95%CI 1.49-15.97], family size of > 5 members [AOR = 2.17, 95%CI 1.24-3.81], and number of students in the classroom [AOR = 2.35,95%CI 1.37-4.02] were statistically significant associated risk factors for nasopharyngeal bacteria carriage. CONCLUSION Asymptomatic nasopharyngeal bacteria carriage in children is alarming for community-acquired infection. The overall multidrug resistance was very high. The risk of the carriage was increased with having a history of passive smoking, being in large family size and number of students per class. Longitudinal follow-up studies would be helpful for better understanding the infection risk in bacterial pathogen carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chernet Belayhun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Mehal Meda Hospital, North Showa, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret Tilahun
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Shibabaw
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Bekele Sharew
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Ashagrie Belete
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- grid.467130.70000 0004 0515 5212Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Tilahun M, Gebretsadik D, Seid A, Gedefie A, Belete MA, Tesfaye M, Kebede E, Shibabaw A. Bacteriology of community-acquired pneumonia, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among HIV patients, Northeast Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121221145569. [PMID: 36632083 PMCID: PMC9827525 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221145569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Pneumonia is an opportunistic infection and it is a major cause of mortality and morbidity among human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome-positive patients. Previous studies have shown the dominant pathogens bacterial isolates were K. pneumoniae 27.0%, S. aureus 20.8%, S. pneumoniae 18.8% and E. coli 8.3%. This study aimed to determine bacteriology of community-acquired pneumonia, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among human immunodeficiency virus patients in the Northeast Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. Methods A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2021 at six health facilities in Dessie Town. A total of 378 community-acquired pneumonia patients suspected to be human immunodeficiency virus-positive were recruited using a consecutive sampling technique. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A two-milliliter sputum specimen was collected aseptically from each study participant. Samples were cultivated on blood agar, chocolate agar and MacConkey agar to isolate bacterial pathogens. To identify bacteria pathogens Gram stain, colony morphology and biochemical tests were performed. The Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method was used to perform the antimicrobial susceptibility test. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression analysis was carried out using Statistical package for social science version 25 software. p-value < 0.05 with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered for statistical significance. Result The overall prevalence of bacterial pneumonia was 175 (46.3%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 119 (68%) and the predominant isolates identified were Streptococcus pneumoniae 49 (28%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 46 (26.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 34 (19.4%). There were 148 (84.6%) multidrug-resistant bacteria overall. Statistically significant factors included viral load, cigarette smoking, cluster of differentiation 4 count, alcohol use, World Health Organization clinical stages III and IV and low white blood cell count. Conclusion The study found that both multidrug resistance and bacterial pneumonia were high. Thus, bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be routinely performed in health facilities in order to prevent and control the spread of bacterial infection and concurrent drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Tilahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia,Mihret Tilahun, Department of Medical
Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University,
P.O.BOX: 1145, Dessie 1145, Ethiopia.
| | - Daniel Gebretsadik
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Gedefie
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Ashagrie Belete
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
| | - Melkam Tesfaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
| | - Edosa Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo,
Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Shibabaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie,
Ethiopia
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Gedefie A, Seid A, Molla Fenta G, Tilahun M, Shibabaw A, Ali A. Hepatitis B and C virus infections and associated factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative tuberculosis patients in public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231166642. [PMID: 37123386 PMCID: PMC10134168 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231166642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, is the leading cause of global liver-related morbidity and mortality. Concomitant infections of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis are risks of hepatotoxicity and death due to antituberculosis therapy. Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection poses challenges in treating hepatotoxic patients and leads to mortality during antituberculosis treatment. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, and associated factors among human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative tuberculosis patients attending public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 229 tuberculosis patients from January 1 to April 30, 2021 in public health facilities' tuberculosis treatment centers. Study participants were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. Data on sociodemographic and other risk factors were collected using an interviewer-based pretested questionnaire by trained data collectors. Anti-hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Logistic regression analysis was computed, and then variables with a p value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result The overall hepatitis virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative tuberculosis patients was 14.03% and 8.14%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus positives and human immunodeficiency virus negatives was 10.5% and 6.4% and hepatitis C virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus positives and human immunodeficiency virus negatives was 3.5% and 1.75%, respectively. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus coinfections were not observed. Older age, history of problematic alcohol use, history of blood transfusion, ear-noise piercing, and history of multiple heterosexual partners were predictors for the hepatitis virus infection. Conclusion Hepatitis virus infection increases morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis patients. Therefore, screening tuberculosis patients for hepatitis virus infection is necessary to reduce the risk of antituberculosis complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemu Gedefie
- Alemu Gedefie, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie 1145, Ethiopia.
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Tilahun M, Fiseha M, Ebrahim E, Ali S, Belete MA, Seid A, Demsiss W, Gedefie A, Tadesse S, Belayhun C. High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae Among Pre-School Children in North Showa Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4253-4268. [PMID: 35959149 PMCID: PMC9363044 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s377186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is still the world’s most serious public health problem among children under the age of five. Nasopharyngeal carriage rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been identified as an important risk factor for the acquisition of community acquired respiratory tract infection. To date, little is known about the nasopharyngeal infection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae among preschool children in Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae among preschool children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to April 2022. A total of 418 preschool children were enrolled using a multistage sampling technique. Nasopharyngeal swab was collected and transported to Medical Microbiology Laboratory at Debre Berhan comprehensive specialized hospital using skim-milk tryptone glucose glycerol transport media. The swab was inoculated on blood agar plates supplemented with 5µg/mL gentamycin and incubated at 37°C for 24–48 hours under 5% CO2 using a candle jar. Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae was performed using Gram stain, catalase test, optochin test and bile solubility test. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were done using a modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were entered into the statistical package Epi data 4.0.0.6 and transferred to and analyzed using SPSS software version-23. A P-value ≤0.05 with 95% CI was considered to be statistically significant. Results The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage was 29.9% (125/418). The overall rate of multidrug resistance was 86 (68.8%), with tetracycline (68.8%) and TMP-SMX (68%). Among risk factors, young age and passive smoking were associated with pneumococcal carriage. Conclusion The present study revealed a substantially lower prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage. High antimicrobial resistance was observed for most antimicrobial drugs tested. Younger age groups and passive smokers were at risk of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Tilahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Mihret Tilahun, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Ethiopia, Tel +251- 913867849, Email
| | - Mesfin Fiseha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Endris Ebrahim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Seada Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Ashagrie Belete
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Gedefie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Selamyhun Tadesse
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Chernet Belayhun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Mehal Meda Hospital, Mehal Meda, North Showa, Ethiopia
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Tilahun M, Gedefie A, Ebrahim E, Seid A, Ali A, Shibabaw A, Belete MA, Fiseha M, Tesfaye M, Ebrahim H, Abera A. Immuno-Haematological Abnormalities of HIV-Infected Patients Before and After Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in the Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics of Six Health Facilities at Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia. J Blood Med 2022; 13:243-253. [PMID: 35592587 PMCID: PMC9112337 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s364700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In people living with the human immunodeficiency virus, haematological abnormalities have been linked to an increased risk of disease progression and mortality. Hematological parameters may have a positive or negative impact on antiretroviral therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the immuno-haematological abnormalities of HIV-infected patients before and after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the antiretroviral therapy clinics of six health facilities in Dessie, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 30, 2021, at the antiretroviral therapy clinics of six health facilities in Dessie Town. A total of 378 HIV-infected patients taking highly active antiretroviral treatment for at least 6 months by using a consecutive sampling technique were included. A well-organized questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical information. Immune-haematological parameters were tested using a Mindray BS-300 hematology analyzer and a BD FACS count CD4 analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. Statistical significance was defined as a P-value of 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Results Leukopenia was found in 26.7% and 16.5%, neutropenia in 16.5% and 9.4%, lymphopenia in 20% and 3.1%, and thrombocytopenia in 25.9% and 7.1% of HIV patients before and after HAART initiation, respectively. There was a significant difference in total white blood cell, absolute neutrophil, red blood cell, hemoglobin value, mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, platelet and CD4+ T cell counts in HIV patients before and after the initiation of HAART with P < 0.05. Conclusion and Recommendation Anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia were the most common haematological abnormalities found in this study before and after HAART initiation. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia, immunosuppression, and viral load was reduced considerably after starting HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Tilahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Mihret Tilahun, Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Po.Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia, Tel +251-920988307, Fax +251 333115250, Email
| | - Alemu Gedefie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Endris Ebrahim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurrahman Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Agumas Shibabaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Ashagrie Belete
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Fiseha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Melkam Tesfaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Hussen Ebrahim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Admasu Abera
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Birhan health Science college, North Showa, Ethiopia
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Kebede E, Seid A, Akele S. Prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among asymptomatic food handlers in Wollo University student's cafeteria, Northeastern Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:139. [PMID: 30871610 PMCID: PMC6419491 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major public health and socioeconomic problems in developing countries like Ethiopia. Food-handlers that directly deal with production and distribution of foods between societies are one of the most important sources to transmit parasitic infections to humans. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasites among asymptomatic food-handlers working in students’ cafeteria of Wollo University, Northeastern Ethiopia. Result A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 asymptomatic food handlers at Wollo University from January 1 to February 20, 2018. Among the total participants 30 (15%) were infected with at least one intestinal parasites. The dominant parasite was E. histolytica (5.5%) followed by A. lumbricoides (4%) and then G. lamblia (3%). Finger nail trimming (p = 0.002, AOR: 4.35, 95% CI 1.71–11.04), medical checkup (p = 0.012, AOR: 4.01, 95% CI 1.37–12.25) and residence (p = 0.014, AOR: 3.16, 95% CI 1.26–7.95) were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection among the food handlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edosa Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Senayt Akele
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Students Clinic, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Tamir Z, Seid A, Haileslassie H. Magnitude and associated factors of cytopenias among antiretroviral therapy naïve Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected adults in Dessie, Northeast Ethiopia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211708. [PMID: 30759131 PMCID: PMC6373930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hematologic abnormalities involving peripheral blood cell cytopenias are strong predictors of morbidity, mortality and poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes of HIV infected individuals. However, limited studies are conducted in resource-limited settings of sub-Saharan Africa that have addressed the magnitude and associated factors of cytopenias. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of cytopenias among ART naïve HIV infected adult Ethiopians. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among ART naïve HIV infected individuals attending at ART unit of Dessie Referral Hospital between November 01, 2015 and April 30, 2016. A total of 402 adults were included using consecutive sampling. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected. The data were entered to Epi Info version 3.4.3 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software (SPSS INC, Chicago, IL, USA). Factors associated with cytopenias were analyzed first using bivariate and then multivariate logistic regression models. An odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. For all statistical significant tests, the cut-off value was set at P<0.05. Results In this study, the overall magnitude of any cytopenia, anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia were 63.4%, 43.5%, 24.4% and 18.7%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, severe immunosuppression and WHO clinical stage IV HIV disease were significantly associated with increased prevalence of cytopenias. In addition, older age and younger age showed significant association with increased prevalence of anemia and leucopenia, respectively. Conclusion Frequent occurrence of cytopenias was independently associated with severe immunosuppression and WHO clinical stage IV HIV disease. Further longitudinal multicenter studies are recommended to bolster the findings of this study in order to suggest the need of routine assessment and management of hematological abnormalities for optimal choice of initial antiretroviral agents and prevention of further morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemenu Tamir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Haftay Haileslassie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Gebretsadik D, Metaferia Y, Seid A, Fenta GM, Gedefie A. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children under 5 years of age at Dessie Referral Hospital: cross sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:771. [PMID: 30373668 PMCID: PMC6206668 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intestinal parasitic infection is a serious public health problem throughout the world particularly in developing countries. Like other countries in sub saran region epidemiological data regarding prevalence of intestinal parasites and their associated factors were limited in Ethiopia. So, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors among under five children in Dessie Referral Hospital from August 1, 2017 to December 20, 2017. Results In this research a total of 232 under five children were involved. Out of these study subjects 36 (15.5%) were infected with at least one intestinal parasites. A total of five intestinal parasites were examined and the dominant parasite was E. histolytica 15/232 (6.5%) followed by H. nana 11/232 (4.7%). All age groups were affected by intestinal parasites but children who were at the age of below 2 years and at the age between 2 and 3 years were 4.7 times and 2.6 times at risk of acquiring infection with intestinal parasites in comparison at the age of 3–5 years children. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3888-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gebretsadik
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Yeshi Metaferia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Genet Molla Fenta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Gedefie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Metaferia Y, Seid A, Fenta GM, Gebretsadik D. Assessment of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay and Fluorescent Microscopy and Its Risk Factors at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Biomed Res Int 2018; 2018:8207098. [PMID: 30159328 PMCID: PMC6106971 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8207098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for a significant proportion of tuberculosis cases worldwide. OBJECTIVE To determine the magnitude of EPTB, associated risk factors, and agreement of diagnostic techniques at Dessie Referral Hospital. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive presumptive EPTB cases from March 1 to June 30, 2017. Sociodemographic characteristics and other variables were collected using a structured questionnaire. Clinical specimens were collected and processed using fluorescent microscopy and Gene Xpert assay. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test and logistic regression were done and a P value of ≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS From a total of 353 presumptive EPTB cases the overall prevalence of Gene Xpert assay and smear confirmed patients was 8.8% and 2.5%, respectively. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was the predominant (33.3%) type followed by pleural (11.9%) and peritoneal (6.7%) tuberculosis. Previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly associated with extrapulmonary infection (AOR:2.8; 95%CI: 1.05-7.54; p=0.04); however, other variables such as age, residence, sex, marital status, occupation, level of education, and monthly income did not show any association. CONCLUSION High proportions (71%) of Gene Xpert assay confirmed EPTB patients were smear-negative. Sensitivity of microscopy should be enhanced in resource limited countries like Ethiopia where Gene Xpert machine is not easily accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshi Metaferia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Ethiopia
| | - Genet Mola Fenta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Gebretsadik
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Ethiopia
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Seid A, Metaferia Y. Factors associated with treatment delay among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Dessie city and surroundings, Northern Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:931. [PMID: 30055593 PMCID: PMC6064094 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed treatment of tuberculosis (TB) cases increases the risk of death and rate of infection in the community. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment is essential for effective TB control. The aim of this study was to assess length of delays and analyze predictors of treatment delay of newly diagnosed TB patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie city and surroundings from April1, 2016 to January 30, 2017. Fifteen health facilities of study area were selected randomly and 382 adult TB patients were included consecutively. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Delay was analyzed at three levels (patient, health system and total) using median as cut-off. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate predictors of delays. A p-value of ≤0.05 at multivariate analysis was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The median total, patients' and health system's delay was 36 [interquartile range (IQR): 24, 64], 30 (IQR: 15, 60) and 6 (IQR: 4, 8) days, respectively. About 41 and 47% of patients had prolonged patients' and total delay, respectively. Practicing self-medication [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 3.0; 95% CI: 1.3-5.6], having more than three family member in the household (AOR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.02-2.50), older age (≥55 years) (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.27-5.83), being smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.25-4.21) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (AOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.28-4.07) were independent predictors of patients' delay. Initial visit of general practitioners (AOR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.43-4.63) and more than one health care visit (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.30-3.46) were independent predictors of health system's delay. However, patients' delay was shorter among widowed/divorced patients (AOR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.8). Lower level of education [illiterate (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20-0.92), grade 1-8 (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18-0.81)] and diagnosis of TB using a chest X-ray (AOR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16-0.68) significantly reduce health system's delay. CONCLUSION About half of TB patients delayed beyond 36 days before starting treatment, and the late patient health seeking behavior was the major contributor of total delay. Development and implementation of strategies aimed at addressing identified factors should be recognized in order to reduce TB treatment delay. Further well designed research is needed to explore additional risk factors of delayed treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Yeshi Metaferia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Seid A, Demsiss W. Feco-prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among symptomatic patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:260. [PMID: 29879914 PMCID: PMC5991442 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world. It can result in various upper gastroduodenal diseases. The prevalence varies among countries, population groups within the same country and testing methods. The aim of the study was to determine feco-prevalence and risk factors of H.pylori infection among symptomatic patients in Amhara region, Northeast Ethiopia. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 342 new consecutive outpatients with upper abdominal complaints at Dessie Referral Hospital from May to July, 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic, lifestyle and environmental data. Stool samples were used to detect H. pylori specific antigen. Blood samples were assessed for anti-H. pylori IgG and ABO blood types. SPSS version 20.0 statistical software package was used for data analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used in the analysis and P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS H. pylori stool antigen and serum anti-H.pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5% respectively with kappa measure of agreement of 0.271. Antigen detection was significantly associated with family size (> 3) [AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.10-3.05, p = 0.02], more persons (> 3) sharing the same bed room in the household [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: 1.39-6.11, p = 0.005], alcohol consumption (> once a week) [AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.49-4.89, p = 0.001] and individuals' blood type: group O [AOR = 8.93, 95%CI: 1.79-44.48, p = 0.008] and group A [AOR = 5.53, 95%CI: 1.08-28.36, p = 0.040]. Gender, age, marital status, occupation, educational level, residence, smoking as well as coffee, tea, fruits and vegetables consumption were not statistically associated with H. pylori antigen detection (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The overall H. pylori stool antigen and anti-H. pylori IgG detection rate was 30.4 and 60.5%, respectively. The test agreement was not strongly convincing and needs further evaluation. Alcohol consumption, overcrowding and ABO blood group were significantly associated with H. pylori antigen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Demsiss W, Seid A, Fiseha T. Hepatitis B and C: Seroprevalence, knowledge, practice and associated factors among medicine and health science students in Northeast Ethiopia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196539. [PMID: 29763447 PMCID: PMC5953438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care professionals, especially medical students, are at greater risk of contracting hepatitis B and C virus infections due to their occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries and other body fluids. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among medicine and health science students in Northeast Ethiopia and to assess their knowledge and practice towards the occupational risk of viral hepatitis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 408 medicine and health science students during the period from March to September 2017. A pre-coded self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on students' socio- demographic characteristics, knowledge and practice of hepatitis B and C infections. Blood samples were collected and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. SPSS version 20 statistical software was used for data analysis. RESULTS The seroprevalence of HBV infection was 4.2% (95% CI 2.5 to 6.1%) and 0.7% (95% CI 0.0 to 1.7%) for HCV. Older age (AOR = 15.72, 95% CI 1.57-157.3) and exposure to needlestick injury (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI 1.10-10.73) were associated with a higher risk of HBV infection. Majority of the students (80.1%) had an adequate knowledge about hepatitis B and C infection, mode of transmission and preventive measures. Only 50.0% of students had safe practice towards occupational risk of viral hepatitis infection. Almost half (49.8%) of students experienced a needlestick injury; of which, 53.2% reported the incidence, and only 39.4% had screening test result for viral hepatitis. CONCLUSION A high seroprevalence but poor practice of hepatitis B and C virus infection was found in the study area despite their good knowledge towards occupational risk of viral hepatitis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Fiseha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Seid A, Tamir Z, Kasanew B, Senbetay M. Co-infection of intestinal parasites and Helicobacter pylori among upper gastrointestinal symptomatic adult patients attending Mekanesalem Hospital, northeast Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:144. [PMID: 29463293 PMCID: PMC5819640 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intestinal parasites and H. pylori are well-known for their high prevalence worldwide. Thus, the objective of this study waste assess risk factors and co-infection of intestinal parasites and H. pylori among adult patients with upper gastrointestinal complaints. A hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted among 363 consecutive adult patients from December 10, 2015 to February 30,2016. Stool and venous blood were collected for analysis of Intestinal parasites and H. pylori infection, respectively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 and logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess predictors of co-infection. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori IgG and intestinal parasites were detected in 70.25-38.3% of participants, respectively while G. lamblia accounted 22.3%. G. lamblia prevalence was significantly higher among H. pylori infected participants (COR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.46-5.23), but E. hystolytica/dispar infection didn't show significant variation (p = 0.15). H. pylori and intestinal parasites concomitant co-infection was associated with male sex (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.01-2.56), consumption of river water (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.11-3.07) and ground/spring water (AOR: 4.10; 95% CI: 1.97-8.52). Thus, besides H. pylori investigation, upper gastrointestinal symptomatic patients should be screened for G. lamblia infection and other intestinal parasites.
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Seid A, Tamir Z, Demsiss W. Uninvestigated dyspepsia and associated factors of patients with gastrointestinal disorders in Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:13. [PMID: 29347978 PMCID: PMC5774098 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dyspepsia is a common problem in the community and clinical practice with symptom(s) considered arising from the gastroduodenal region. Dyspepsia burden and associated factors vary from country to country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia (UD) using Rome III criteria, associated risk factors and self-reported dyspepsia symptoms’ correlation with H. pylori infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 318 out patients with gastrointestinal complaints during the period from September 1 to December 30, 2015. All patients completed a questionnaire for collecting data regarding sociodemographic, lifestyle and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnosis of dyspepsia was made according to the Rome III criteria. H. pylori infection was assessed using stool antigen test. SPSS version 20.0 statistical software package was used for data analysis. Results From a total of 318 patients, 48.4% had UD according to Rome III criteria; with 42.1% symptoms of epigastric pain/burning, 26.1% postprandial fullness and 22.6% early satiation. Epigastric pain/burning (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.07–3.43), early satiation (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.38–5.20) and belching (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.54–14.40) were significantly correlated with H. pylori infection. H. pylori infection (AOR = 4.33, 95% CI 2.41–7.76) and aspirin/NSAIDs consumption (AOR = 5.29, 95% CI 2.82–9.93) were independent risk factors for UD. However, consumption of raw fruits/ vegetables at least once a week (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.98) and taking two or more cups of tea a day (AOR = 0.339, 95% CI 0.17–0.70) were inversely associated with UD. Conclusions UD is highly prevalent among adults with gastrointestinal complaints. H. pylori infection is significantly associated with UD and correlates with its symptoms. Individuals with epigastric pain/burning, early satiation and belching should be primary focus of H. pylori infection diagnosis and treatment. The role of consumption of tea, raw fruits and vegetables on dyspepsia needs further large scale study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Po. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Zemenu Tamir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Fiseha T, Tamir Z, Seid A, Demsiss W. Prevalence of anemia in renal insufficiency among HIV infected patients initiating ART at a hospital in Northeast Ethiopia. BMC Hematol 2017; 17:1. [PMID: 28116101 PMCID: PMC5240406 DOI: 10.1186/s12878-017-0071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a strong predictor of mortality and poor quality of life among persons with either renal impairment or HIV infection. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of anemia and its association with renal insufficiency among HIV infected patients initiating ART at a hospital in Northeast Ethiopia. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, records of 373 patients on ART were selected in Dessie Referral hospital, South Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia from September 2010 to August 2013. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients were collected using standardized data extraction instrument. The abbreviated 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation was used to estimate renal function (GFR) from serum creatinine. SPSS version 20.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of anemia at the time of ART initiation was 34.4%; with 20.5, 12.3 and 1.6% mild, moderate and severe anemia, respectively. Renal insufficiency was present in 27.9% of patients and was associated with a high prevalence of anemia (74%). The prevalence of anemia increased with stage of insufficiency, from 23.7% in stage 1 to 100% in stage 4. Impaired renal function (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) was associated with a higher risk of all forms of anemia; i.e., mild (AOR = 3.96; 95% CI: 2.76-5.69), moderate (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.16-4.19) and severe anemia (AOR = 5.89; 95% CI: 1.02-12.03). CONCLUSION HIV infected patients with renal insufficiency had a higher prevalence of anemia compared to patients with normal renal function. Thus, screening of these patients for anemia and renal insufficiency at base line should be critical not only to reduce mortality but also to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Fiseha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Zemenu Tamir
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahaman Seid
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmagegn Demsiss
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Aye O, Patel J, Seid A, Chinakarn L, Kittleson M, Kobashigawa J. 488: Increased infection risk of non-cardiac surgeries after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2006.11.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Seid A, Aye O, Patel JK, Chinakarn L, Kittleson MM, Hamilton MA, Kobashigawa JA. INCREASED INFECTION RISK OF NONCARDIAC SURGERIES AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION. J Investig Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1097/00042871-200701010-00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Patel J, Seid A, Mansukhani A, Thompson O, Wu G, Laks H, Kobashigawa J. 164. J Heart Lung Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2005.11.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Seid A, Mansukhani A, Wu GW, Hamilton MA, Kobashigawa JA. 410 WHEN TO LIST FOR REDO HEART TRANSPLANT IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Seid A, Kobashigawa JA, Patel JK, Yamada B, Hamilton M. 107 A MULTIDISCIPLINARY NETWORK OF SOCIAL SUPPORT CAN POSITIVELY AFFECT OUTCOME IN LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC PATIENTS (MEDICAL/MEDICAID INSURANCE) AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION. J Investig Med 2005. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.00005.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the outcome of free conjuctival autograft in patients with grades III and IV pterygia and to determine the post-operative recurrence rate. DESIGN A prospective descriptive study. SETTING Menelik II Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS Thirty four patients, 32 with primary and two with recurrent pterygia. INTERVENTION A superficial Keratectomy extending beyond the corneal lesion all around and sufficiently deep to Bowman's layer to produce a perfectly clear cornea in the excised area followed by suture a free conjuctival autograft on the excised area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Improvement in visual acuity and recurrence rate of pterygia at follow up. RESULTS Of the 32 patients followed up, the visual acuity remained the same on eight and improved in 24 cases. There were no intraoperative complications. Pterygia recurred in two patients between three and four months postoperatively. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a free conjuctival autograft in the management of stage III and IV pterygia is a useful operation resulting in a very low recurrence rate of the pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Seid
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Menelik II Hospital Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Phillips EH, Rosenthal R, Fallas M, Carroll B, Arregui M, Corbitt J, Fitzgibbons R, Seid A, Schultz L, Toy F. Reasons for early recurrence following laparoscopic hernioplasty. Surg Endosc 1995; 9:140-4; discussion 144-5. [PMID: 7597581 DOI: 10.1007/bf00191954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and reasons for early recurrences following laparoscopic hernioplasty have not been studied. Because the incidence is small and the follow up is short, a multi-institutional study was performed among the pioneers in the field. The incidence figures were obtained by survey of surgeons who had significant experience (over 100 cases) and kept concurrent records. Fifty-four recurrences (1.7%) occurred after 3229 laparoscopic hernia repairs. There were 1944 transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repairs with 19 recurrences (1%) and 578 preperitoneal repairs with no recurrences. There were 345 onlay mesh (IPOM) repairs with seven recurrences (2%), and 286 plug and patch repairs with 26 recurrences (9%). Simple closures were performed 76 times with two recurrences (2.6%). Fifty-seven patients (three cases were referred to the author without incidence data but complete records for analysis) had 60 recurrent hernias. Recurrences were noted, on average, 5.1 months postoperatively (range 0-30 months). The most common reason for recurrence was that the mesh was too small - 36 (60%). The mesh was never stapled in 19 instances (32%), and the hernia was never repaired in three cases (20%). The clips pulled through the tissue in six cases (8%), and in 10 cases (15%) the repair has not yet been undertaken because the etiology was unclear. There was more than one reason in 19 patients. Technical factors were responsible for nearly all recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Phillips
- Division of Endoscopic Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center/Cedars Sinai Medical Towers, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Reeves WJ, Seid A, Greenberg DM. A new paper chromatography solvent system resolving pyrimidine-pyrimidine riboside-pyrimidine deoxyriboside mixtures. Anal Biochem 1969; 30:474-7. [PMID: 5387612 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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