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Fekih-Romdhane F, Hakiri A, Stambouli M, Cherif W, Away R, Amri A, Cheour M, Hallit S. Schizotypal traits in a large sample of high-school and university students from Tunisia: correlates and measurement invariance of the arabic schizotypal personality questionnaire across age and sex. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:447. [PMID: 37340441 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main goal of the present study was to examine the characteristics of schizotypal traits and their correlations with genetic (i.e., family history of mental illness), demographic (i.e., age, sex), environmental (e.g., income, urbanicity, tobacco/alcohol/cannabis use), and psychological (i.e., personal history of mental illness other than psychosis) factors in Tunisian high-school and university students. Our secondary goal was to contribute the literature by examining the factor structure and factorial invariance of the Arabic Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) across sex and age (adolescents [12-18 years] vs. young adults [18-35 years]) groups. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study involving 3166 students: 1160 (36.6%) high-school students (53.0% females, aged 14.9 ± 1.8); and 2006 (63.4%) university students (63.9% females, aged 21.8 ± 2.3). All students were asked to complete a paper-and-pencil self-administered questionnaire containing sociodemographic characteristics as well as the Arabic version of the SPQ. RESULTS The total sample yielded total SPQ scores of 24.1 ± 16.6 out of 74. The SPQ yielded good composite reliability as attested by McDonald's omega values ranging from .68 to .80 for all nine subscales. Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that fit of the 9-factor model of SPQ scores was acceptable. This model is invariant (at the configural, metric and structural levels) across sex and age. Except for "Odd or eccentric behavior", all schizotypy features were significantly higher among female students compared to males. Multivariable analyses showed that female sex, being a university student, lowest family incomes, tobacco use, and having a personal history of psychiatric illness were significantly associated with higher positive, negative and disorganized schizotypy subscales scores. CONCLUSION Future research still needs to confirm our findings and investigate the contribution of the identified factors in the development of clinical psychosis. We can also conclude that the Arabic SPQ is appropriate for measuring and comparing schizotypy across age and sex in clinical and research settings. These findings are highly relevant and essential for ensuring the clinical utility and applicability of the SPQ in cross-cultural research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Abir Hakiri
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Stambouli
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wissal Cherif
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rami Away
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amani Amri
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478, Saudi Arabia.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
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Abdallah M, Abdelaziz A, Abdelaziz O, Abdelhedi N, Abdelkbir A, Abdelkefi M, Abdelmoula L, Abdennacir S, Abdennadher M, Abidi H, Abir Hakiri A, Abou El Makarim S, Abouda M, Achour W, Aichaouia C, Aissa A, Aissa Y, Aissi W, Ajroudi M, Allouche E, Aloui H, Aloui D, Amdouni F, Ammar Y, Ammara Y, Ammari S, Ammous A, Amous A, Amri A, Amri M, Amri R, Annabi H, Antit S, Aouadi S, Arfaoui A, Assadi A, Attia L, Attia M, Attia L, Ayadi I, Ayadi Dahmane I, Ayari A, Azzabi S, Azzouz H, B Mefteh N, B Salah C, Baccar H, Bachali A, Bahlouli M, Bahri G, Baïli H, Bani M, Bani W, Bani MA, Bassalah E, Bawandi R, Bayar M, Bchir N, Bechraoui R, Béji M, Beji R, Bel Haj Yahia D, Belakhel S, Belfkih H, Belgacem O, Belgacem N, Belhadj A, Beltaief N, Beltaief N, Ben Abbes M, Ben Abdelaziz A, Ben Ahmed I, Ben Aissia N, Ben Ali M, Ben Ammar H, Ben Ammou B, Ben Amor A, Ben Amor M, Benatta M, Ben Ayed N, Ben Ayoub W, Ben Charrada N, Ben Cheikh M, Ben Dahmen F, Ben Dhia M, Ben Fadhel S, Ben Farhat L, Ben Fredj Ismail F, Ben Hamida E, Ben Hamida Nouaili E, Ben Hammamia M, Ben Hamouda A, Ben Hassine L, Ben Hassouna A, Ben Hasssen A, Ben Hlima M, Ben Kaab B, Ben Mami N, Ben Mbarka F, Ben Mefteh N, Ben Kahla N, Ben Mrad M, Ben Mustapha N, Ben Nacer M, Ben Neticha K, Ben Othmen E, Ben Rhouma S, Ben Rhouma M, Ben Saadi S, Ben Safta A, Ben Safta Z, Ben Salah C, Ben Salah N, Ben Sassi S, Ben Sassi J, Ben Tekaya S, Ben Temime R, Ben Tkhayat A, Ben Tmim R, Ben Yahmed Y, Ben Youssef S, Ben Ali M, Ben Atta M, Ben Safta Z, Ben Salah M, Berrahal I, Besbes G, Bezdah L, Bezzine A, Bezzine A, Bokal Z, Borsali R, Bouasker I, Boubaker J, Bouchekoua M, Bouden F, Boudiche S, Boukhris I, Bouomrani S, Bouraoui S, Bouraoui S, Bourgou S, Boussabeh E, Bouzaidi K, Chaker K, Chaker L, Chaker A, Chaker F, Chaouech N, Charfi M, Charfi MR, Charfi F, Chatti L, Chebbi F, Chebbi W, Cheikh R, Cheikhrouhou S, Chekir J, Chelbi E, Chelly I, Chelly B, Chemakh M, Chenik S, Cheour M, Cheour M, Cherif E, Cherif Y, Cherif W, Cherni R, Chetoui A, Chihaoui M, Chiraz Aichaouia C, Dabousii S, Daghfous A, Daib A, Daib N, Damak R, Daoud N, Daoud Z, Daoued N, Debbabi H, Demni W, Denguir R, Derbel S, Derbel B, Dghaies S, Dhaouadi S, Dhilel I, Dimassi K, Dougaz A, Dougaz W, Douik H, Douik El Gharbi L, Dziri C, El Aoud S, El Hechmi Z, El Heni A, ELaoud S, Elfeleh E, Ellini S, Ellouz F, Elmoez Ben O, Ennaifer R, Ennaifer S, Essid M, Fadhloun N, Farhat M, Fekih M, Fourati M, Fteriche F, G Hali O, Galai S, Gara S, Garali G, Garbouge W, Garbouj W, Ghali O, Ghali F, Gharbi E, Gharbi R, Ghariani W, Gharsalli H, Ghaya Jmii G, Ghédira F, Ghédira A, Ghédira H, Ghériani A, Gouta EL, Guemira F, Guermazi E, Guesmi A, Hachem J, Haddad A, Hakim K, Hakiri A, Hamdi S, Hamed W, Hamrouni S, Hamza M, Haouet S, Hariz A, Hendaoui L, Hfaidh M, Hriz H, Hsairi M, Ichaoui H, Issaoui D, Jaafoura H, Jazi R, Jazia R, Jelassi H, Jerraya H, Jlassi H, Jmii G, Jouini M, Kâaniche M, Kacem M, Kadhraoui M, Kalai M, Kallel K, Kammoun O, Karoui M, Karouia S, Karrou M, Kchaou A, Kchaw R, Kchir N, Kchir H, Kechaou I, Kerrou M, Khaled S, Khalfallah N, Khalfallah M, Khalfallah R, Khamassi K, Kharrat M, Khelifa E, Khelil M, Khelil A, Khessairi N, Khezami MA, Khouni H, Kooli C, Korbsi B, Koubaa MA, Ksantini R, Ksentini A, Ksibi I, Ksibi J, Kwas H, Laabidi A, Labidi A, Ladhari N, Lafrem R, Lahiani R, Lajmi M, Lakhal J, Laribi M, Lassoued N, Lassoued K, Letaif F, Limaïem F, Maalej S, Maamouri N, Maaoui R, Maâtallah H, Maazaoui S, Maghrebi H, Mahfoudhi S, Mahjoubi Y, Mahjoubi S, Mahmoud I, Makhlouf T, Makni A, Mamou S, Mannoubi S, Maoui A, Marghli A, Marrakchi Z, Marrakchi J, Marzougui S, Marzouk I, Mathlouthi N, Mbarek K, Mbarek M, Meddeb S, Mediouni A, Mechergui N, Mejri I, Menjour MB, Messaoudi Y, Mestiri T, Methnani A, Mezghani I, Meziou O, Mezlini A, Mhamdi S, Mighri M, Miled S, Miri I, Mlayeh D, Moatemri Z, Mokaddem W, Mokni M, Mouhli N, Mourali MS, Mrabet A, Mrad F, Mrouki M, Msaad H, Msakni A, Msolli S, Mtimet S, Mzabi S, Mzoughi Z, Naffeti E, Najjar S, Nakhli A, Nechi S, Neffati E, Neji H, Nouira Y, Nouira R, Omar S, Ouali S, Ouannes Y, Ouarda F, Ouechtati W, Ouertani J, Ouertani J, Ouertani H, Oueslati A, Oueslati J, Oueslati I, Oueslati A, Rabai B, Rahali H, Rbia E, Rebai W, Regaïeg N, Rejeb O, Rhaiem W, Rhimi H, Riahi I, Ridha R, Robbena L, Rouached L, Rouis S, Safer M, Saffar K, Sahli H, Sahraoui G, Saidane O, Sakka D, Salah H, Sallami S, Salouage I, Samet A, Sammoud K, Sassi Mahfoudh A, Sayadi C, Sayhi A, Sebri T, Sedki Y, Sellami A, Serghini M, Sghaier I, Skouri W, Skouri W, Slama I, Slimane H, Slimani O, Souhail O, Souhir S, Souissi A, Souissi R, Taboubi A, Talbi G, Tbini M, Tborbi A, Tekaya R, Temessek H, Thameur M, Touati A, Touinsi H, Tounsi A, Tounsia H, Trabelsi S, Trabelsi S, Triki A, Triki M, Turki J, Turki K, Twinsi H, Walha Y, Wali J, Yacoub H, Yangui F, Yazidi M, Youssef I, Zaier A, Zainine R, Zakhama L, Zalila H, Zargouni H, Zehani A, Zeineb Z, Zemni I, Zghal M, Ziadi J, Zid Z, Znagui I, Zoghlami C, Zouaoui C, Zouari B, Zouiten L, Zribi H. Abstracts of the 40th National Congress of Medicine Tunis, 19-20 October 2017. Tunis Med 2017; 95:1002-1070. [PMID: 29877564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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