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Soares GB, Adriano EA, Domingues MV, Rodríguez-González A, Balbuena JA. Evolutionary morphology of haptoral anchors in monogenoids (Dactylogyridae) of marine catfish (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from the Atlantic coast of South America. Parasitology 2024; 151:390-399. [PMID: 38389483 PMCID: PMC11044069 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182024000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the phylogenetic signal of morphological traits using geometric morphometry represents a powerful approach to assess the relative weights of convergence and shared evolutionary history in shaping species' forms. We evaluated the phylogenetic signal in shape and size of ventral and dorsal haptoral anchors of 10 species of monogenoids (Hamatopeduncularia, Chauhanellus and Susanlimocotyle) occurring in marine catfish (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from the Atlantic coast of South America. The phylogenetic relationships among these species were mapped onto the morphospaces of shape and size of dorsal and ventral anchors. Two different tests (squared change-parsimony and Kmult) were applied to establish whether the spatial positions in the phylomorphospace were influenced by phylogenetic relationships. A significant phylogenetic signal was found between anchor form and parasite phylogeny. Allometric effects on anchor shape were non-significant. Phylogenetically distant species on the same host differed markedly in anchor morphology, suggesting little influence of host species on anchor form. A significantly higher level of shape variation among ventral anchors was also found, suggesting that the evolutionary forces shaping ventral anchor morphology may operate with differing intensities or exhibit distinct mechanisms compared to their dorsal counterparts. Our results suggest that phylogenetic relationships were a key driver of changes in shape (but not size) of anchors of monogenoids of South American ariids. However, it seems that the emergence of the digitiform haptor in Hamatopenducularia and in some species of Chauhanellus played an important role in the reduction in anchor size and may cause secondary losses of anchors in other groups of monogenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geusivam Barbosa Soares
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Aparecido Adriano
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Abril Rodríguez-González
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Biología, Laboratorio de Helmintología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Antonio Balbuena
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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May-Tec AL, Ek-Huchim JP, Rodríguez-González A, Mendoza-Franco EF. Differential blood cells associated with parasitism in the wild puffer fish Lagocephalus laevigatus (Tetraodontiformes) of the Campeche Coast, southern Mexico. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:24. [PMID: 38072837 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In aquaculture conditions, severe parasitic infections cause negative impacts on fish health and economic losses. The parasite load has been associated with anemia, which reduces the number of erythrocytes in fish. Therefore, the evaluation of hematological parameters as a feasible tool for diagnosing and monitoring fish health allows us to determine the indirect effect of parasites on the health status of fish. Our aim was to evaluate changes in the blood cell parameters of Lagocephalus laevigatus associated with parasitism. A total of 99 puffer fish were collected from the coast of Seybaplaya, Campeche. Each fish had 20 µl of peripheral blood drawn, and blood smears were performed in triplicate. The smears were stained with Giemsa stain, and a quantitative analysis of blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and monocytes) was obtained with an optical microscope at 100 ×. The parasites recovered from each fish were fixed and identified, and the infection parameters were calculated. Through generalized additive model analysis (GAMLSS), we observed that the infection intensity of puffer fish influenced changes in hematological parameters, principally in erythrocytes, neutrophils, thrombocytes, the total fish length, and the condition factor of the fish. In conclusion, this is the first study that provides baseline data on the hematological parameter variations in uninfected and infected L. laevigatus, the tropical wild puffer fish, as well as the possible effects on fish health. It is necessary to establish reference hematological patterns in wild populations for diagnosis and timely management with emphasis on aquaculture fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa May-Tec
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Avenida Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, CP 24029, Ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche, México.
| | - Juan Pablo Ek-Huchim
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Avenida Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, CP 24029, Ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche, México
| | - Abril Rodríguez-González
- Instituto de Biología, Laboratorio de Helmintología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-153, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edgar Fernando Mendoza-Franco
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Avenida Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, CP 24029, Ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche, México
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Fernández-Aroca D, García-Flores N, Frost S, Jiménez-Suárez J, Rodríguez-González A, Fernández-Aroca P, Sabater S, Andrés I, Garnés-García C, Belandia B, Cimas F, Villar D, Ruiz-Hidalgo M, Sánchez-Prieto R. MAPK11 (p38β) is a major determinant of cellular radiosensitivity by controlling ionizing radiation-associated senescence: An in vitro study. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2023; 41:100649. [PMID: 37346275 PMCID: PMC10279794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose MAPKs are among the most relevant signalling pathways involved in coordinating cell responses to different stimuli. This group includes p38MAPKs, constituted by 4 different proteins with a high sequence homology: MAPK14 (p38α), MAPK11 (p38β), MAPK12 (p38γ) and MAPK13 (p38δ). Despite their high similarity, each member shows unique expression patterns and even exclusive functions. Thus, analysing protein-specific functions of MAPK members is necessary to unequivocally uncover the roles of this signalling pathway. Here, we investigate the possible role of MAPK11 in the cell response to ionizing radiation (IR). Materials and methods We developed MAPK11/14 knockdown through shRNA and CRISPR interference gene perturbation approaches and analysed the downstream effects on cell responses to ionizing radiation in A549, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Specifically, we assessed IR toxicity by clonogenic assays; DNA damage response activity by immunocytochemistry; apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometry (Annexin V and propidium iodide, respectively); DNA repair by comet assay; and senescence induction by both X-Gal staining and gene expression of senescence-associated genes by RT-qPCR. Results Our findings demonstrate a critical role of MAPK11 in the cellular response to IR by controlling the associated senescent phenotype, and without observable effects on DNA damage response, apoptosis, cell cycle or DNA damage repair. Conclusion Our results highlight MAPK11 as a novel mediator of the cellular response to ionizing radiation through the control exerted onto IR-associated senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
| | - N. García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
| | - S. Frost
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Jiménez-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
| | - A. Rodríguez-González
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
| | - S. Sabater
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España
| | - I. Andrés
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España
| | - C. Garnés-García
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
| | - B. Belandia
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM). Madrid, España. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, España
| | - F.J. Cimas
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
- Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España
| | - D. Villar
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M.J. Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
- Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España
| | - R. Sánchez-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, España
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM). Madrid, España. Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, España
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Terrón-Camero LC, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Rodríguez-González A, del Val C, Sandalio LM, Romero-Puertas MC. Gene network downstream plant stress response modulated by peroxisomal H 2O 2. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:930721. [PMID: 36082297 PMCID: PMC9445673 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.930721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers that can be sensed by specific redox-sensitive proteins responsible for the activation of signal transduction culminating in altered gene expression. The subcellular site, in which modifications in the ROS/oxidation state occur, can also act as a specific cellular redox network signal. The chemical identity of ROS and their subcellular origin is actually a specific imprint on the transcriptome response. In recent years, a number of transcriptomic studies related to altered ROS metabolism in plant peroxisomes have been carried out. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of these transcriptomic findings to identify common transcriptional footprints for plant peroxisomal-dependent signaling at early and later time points. These footprints highlight the regulation of various metabolic pathways and gene families, which are also found in plant responses to several abiotic stresses. Major peroxisomal-dependent genes are associated with protein and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protection at later stages of stress while, at earlier stages, these genes are related to hormone biosynthesis and signaling regulation. Furthermore, in silico analyses allowed us to assign human orthologs to some of the peroxisomal-dependent proteins, which are mainly associated with different cancer pathologies. Peroxisomal footprints provide a valuable resource for assessing and supporting key peroxisomal functions in cellular metabolism under control and stress conditions across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Terrón-Camero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - A. Rodríguez-González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Coral del Val
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M. Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - María C. Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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5
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Couoh-Puga ED, Vidal-Martínez VM, Ceja-Moreno V, Árcega-Cabrera F, Puch-Hau C, Rodríguez-González A, May-Tec AL, Aguirre-Macedo ML. Histological Effects of Light Crude Oil on Sciaenops ocellatus Under Experimental Conditions. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 108:71-77. [PMID: 33743021 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The health status of Sciaenops ocellatus was studied by qualitative and quantitative histopathological analysis through histological damage prevalence and degree of tissue change (DTC) in response to 96 h and 9 days of exposure to 0.1, 0.8, and 8 g/L of light crude oil in seawater. The histology of the liver, spleen, kidney, and gills of the fish were analyzed and compared between treatments. Our results showed that the exposed fish developed lesions associated with degenerative and necrotic changes. The highest frequency of damage and DTC scores were observed in the liver and kidney from 96 h to 9-days post-exposure. Generalized additive models of location, scale, and shape, showed that the DTC was strongly associated with crude oil compounds such as napthalene, Cd, Ni, Pb, and bile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites. Our findings suggest that exposure to crude oil affects fish health, producing irreversible histological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Danilú Couoh-Puga
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Vidal-Martínez
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Víctor Ceja-Moreno
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Flor Árcega-Cabrera
- Unidad de Química Sisal, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Puerto de Abrigo S/N, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Carlos Puch-Hau
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Abril Rodríguez-González
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Ana L May-Tec
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - M Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Mérida), Antigua carretera a Progreso Km 6, Cordemex, C.P 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Osorio J, Madrazo Z, Videla S, Sainz B, Rodríguez-González A, Campos A, Santamaría M, Pelegrina A, González-Serrano C, Aldeano A, Sarriugarte A, Gómez-Díaz CJ, Ruiz-Luna D, García-Ruiz-de-Gordejuela A, Gómez-Gavara C, Gil-Barrionuevo M, Vila M, Clavell A, Campillo B, Millán L, Olona C, Sánchez-Cordero S, Medrano R, López-Arévalo CA, Pérez-Romero N, Artigau E, Calle M, Echenagusia V, Otero A, Tebe C, Pallares N, Biondo S. Analysis of outcomes of emergency general and gastrointestinal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Surg 2021; 108:1438-1447. [PMID: 34535796 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few surgical studies have provided adjusted comparative postoperative outcome data among contemporary patients with and without COVID-19 infection and patients treated before the pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of performing emergency surgery in patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection. METHODS Patients who underwent emergency general and gastrointestinal surgery from March to June 2020, and from March to June 2019 in 25 Spanish hospitals were included in a retrospective study (COVID-CIR). The main outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications and failure to rescue (mortality among patients who developed complications). Propensity score-matched comparisons were performed between patients who were positive and those who were negative for COVID-19; and between COVID-19-negative cohorts before and during the pandemic. RESULTS Some 5307 patients were included in the study (183 COVID-19-positive and 2132 COVID-19-negative during pandemic; 2992 treated before pandemic). During the pandemic, patients with COVID-19 infection had greater 30-day mortality than those without (12.6 versus 4.6 per cent), but this difference was not statistically significant after propensity score matching (odds ratio (OR) 1.58, 95 per cent c.i. 0.88 to 2.74). Those positive for COVID-19 had more complications (41.5 versus 23.9 per cent; OR 1.61, 1.11 to 2.33) and a higher likelihood of failure to rescue (30.3 versus 19.3 per cent; OR 1.10, 0.57 to 2.12). Patients who were negative for COVID-19 during the pandemic had similar rates of 30-day mortality (4.6 versus 3.2 per cent; OR 1.35, 0.98 to 1.86) and complications (23.9 versus 25.2 per cent; OR 0.89, 0.77 to 1.02), but a greater likelihood of failure to rescue (19.3 versus 12.9 per cent; OR 1.56, 95 per cent 1.10 to 2.19) than prepandemic controls. CONCLUSION Patients with COVID-19 infection undergoing emergency general and gastrointestinal surgery had worse postoperative outcomes than contemporary patients without COVID-19. COVID-19-negative patients operated on during the COVID-19 pandemic had a likelihood of greater failure-to-rescue than prepandemic controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Osorio
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Z Madrazo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Videla
- Clinical Research Support Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Sainz
- Department of Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - A Campos
- Department of Surgery, Parc Taulí Health Corporation, Sabadell Hospital, Sabadell, Spain
| | - M Santamaría
- Department of Surgery, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - A Pelegrina
- Department of Surgery, Hospital del Mar University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Aldeano
- Department of Surgery, Granollers General Hospital, Granollers, Spain
| | - A Sarriugarte
- Department of Surgery, Cruces University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - C J Gómez-Díaz
- Department of Surgery, Althaia Foundation, Manresa, Spain
| | - D Ruiz-Luna
- Department of Surgery, Terrassa Health Consortium, Terrassa Hospital, Terrassa, Spain
| | | | - C Gómez-Gavara
- Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery and Transplantation Department, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - M Vila
- Department of Surgery, Mataró Hospital, Maresme Health Consortium, Mataró, Spain
| | - A Clavell
- Department of Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - B Campillo
- Department of Surgery, Sant Joan de Deu Hospital Foundation, Martorell, Spain
| | - L Millán
- Department of Surgery, Dr José Molina Orosa Hospital, Lanzarote, Spain
| | - C Olona
- Department of Surgery, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Cordero
- Department of Surgery, Igualada University Hospital, Anoia Health Consortium, Igualada, Spain
| | - R Medrano
- Department of Surgery, Sant Pau University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C A López-Arévalo
- Department of Surgery, Moisès Broggi Hospital, Sant Joan Despí, Spain
| | - N Pérez-Romero
- Department of Surgery, Mútua de Terrassa University Hospital, Terrassa, Spain
| | - E Artigau
- Department of Surgery, Girona Dr Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - M Calle
- Department of Surgery, Alto Deba Hospital, Mondragon, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - V Echenagusia
- Department of Surgery, Araba University Hospital, Txagorritxu Hospital, Vitoria, Spain
| | - A Otero
- Clinical Research Support Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital/Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Tebe
- Statistical Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Pallares
- Statistical Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Biondo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Cruz J, Provencio M, Menasalvas E, Parejo C, Martínez-Ruíz F, Sánchez-González J, Gómez-Bravo R, Martín-Vegue AR, Royuela A, Rodríguez-González A. P1.16-12 An Analysis of Healthcare Use and the Cost Associated to End-of-Life Care of Lung Cancer Patients in a Spanish Hospital. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Torrente M, Núñez-García B, Franco F, De Juan VC, Menasalvas E, Rodríguez-González A, Parejo C, Provencio M. MA16.03 Big Data Analysis for Personalized Medicine in Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Núñez-García B, Torrente M, Menasalvas E, Tuñas J, Rodríguez-González A, Franco F, De Juan VC, Provencio M. P2.16-20 Big Data and Survival Predictors in Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Antón M, Rodríguez-González A, Ballesta A, González N, Del Pozo A, de Fonseca FR, Gómez-Lus ML, Leza JC, García-Bueno B, Caso JR, Orio L. Alcohol binge disrupts the rat intestinal barrier: the partial protective role of oleoylethanolamide. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4464-4479. [PMID: 30248186 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic alcohol consumption alters the gut-brain axis, but little is known about alcohol binge episodes on the functioning of the intestinal barrier. We investigated the influence of ethanol binges on bacterial translocation, gut inflammation and immunity, and tight junction (TJ) structure and the ability of the biolipid oleoylethanolamide (OEA) to prevent ethanol binge-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH OEA was injected i.p. before repeated ethanol administration by oral gavage. Plasma, spleen, liver and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were collected in sterile conditions for determination of bacterial load. Immune/inflammatory parameters, TJ proteins and apoptotic markers were determined in colonic tissue by RT-PCR and Western blotting. TJ ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy. KEY RESULTS Ethanol binges induced bacterial translocation to the MLN (mainly) and spleen. Colonic tissues showed signs of inflammation, and activation of innate (Toll-like receptor-4) and adaptive (IgA) immune systems and TJ proteins (occludin and claudin-3) were decreased after ethanol binges. Pretreatment with OEA reduced intestinal inflammation and immune activation and partially preserved the TJ structure affected by alcohol binges but had no effect on alcohol-induced apoptosis. Ultrastructural analyses of colonic TJs revealed dilated TJs in all ethanol groups, with less electron-dense material in non-pretreated rats. The protective effects of i.p. OEA did not reduce bacterial translocation to the MLN. However, intragastric OEA administration significantly reduced plasma LPS levels and bacterial translocation to the MLN. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS OEA-based pharmacotherapies could potentially be useful to treat disorders characterized by intestinal barrier dysfunction, including alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Antón
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez-González
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Ballesta
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - N González
- Department of Medicine Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Del Pozo
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - F R de Fonseca
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Gómez-Lus
- Department of Medicine Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Leza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, UCM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Imas12 and IUINQ, Madrid, Spain
| | - B García-Bueno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, UCM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Imas12 and IUINQ, Madrid, Spain
| | - J R Caso
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, UCM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Imas12 and IUINQ, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Orio
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Science Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University, Madrid (UCM), and Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-González A, Sarabeev V, Balbuena JA. Evolutionary morphology in shape and size of haptoral anchors in 14 Ligophorus spp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178367. [PMID: 28542570 PMCID: PMC5443544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for phylogenetic signal in morphological traits using geometric morphometrics represents a powerful approach to estimate the relative weights of convergence and shared evolutionary history in shaping organismal form. We assessed phylogenetic signal in the form of ventral and dorsal haptoral anchors of 14 species of Ligophorus occurring on grey mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) from the Mediterranean, the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. The phylogenetic relationships among these species were mapped onto the morphospaces of shape and size of dorsal and ventral anchors and two different tests were applied to establish whether the spatial positions in the morphospace were dictated by chance. Overall significant phylogenetic signal was found in the data. Allometric effects on anchor shape were moderate or non-significant in the case of evolutionary allometry. Relatively phylogenetically distant species occurring on the same host differed markedly in anchor morphology indicating little influence of host species on anchor form. Our results suggest that common descent and shared evolutionary history play a major role in determining the shape and, to a lesser degree in the size of haptoral anchors in Ligophorus spp. The present approach allowed tracing paths of morphological evolution in anchor shape. Species with narrow anchors and long shafts were associated predominately with Liza saliens. This morphology was considered to be ancestral relative to anchors of species occurring on Liza haematocheila and M. cephalus possessing shorter shafts and longer roots. Evidence for phylogenetic signal was more compelling for the ventral anchors, than for the dorsal ones, which could reflect different functional roles in attachment to the gills. Although phylogeny and homoplasy may act differently in other monogeneans, the present study delivers a common framework to address effectively the relationships among morphology, phylogeny and other traits, such as host specificity or niche occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril Rodríguez-González
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Volodimir Sarabeev
- Department of Biology, Zaporizhzhia National University, Zhaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Juan Antonio Balbuena
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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Rodríguez-González A, Míguez-Lozano R, Sarabeev V, Balbuena JA. Erratum to: Evolutionary modularity and morphological integration in the haptoral anchor structures of Ligophorus spp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae). Parasitol Res 2016; 116:455. [PMID: 27885464 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rodríguez-González
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain.
| | - R Míguez-Lozano
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Sarabeev
- Department of Biology, Zaporizhzhia National University, Zhukovskogo 66, 69063, Zhaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - J A Balbuena
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain
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Rodríguez-González A, Míguez-Lozano R, Llopis-Belenguer C, Balbuena JA. A New Species of Ligophorus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from the gills of the Flathead Mullet Mugil cephalus (Teleostei: Mugilidae) from Mexico. Acta Parasitol 2015; 60:767-76. [PMID: 26408603 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2015-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new monogenean species, Ligophorus yucatanensis n. sp. from the gills of the flathead mullet Mugil cephalus from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, is described. The new species can be differentiated from all other species of Ligophorus by the morphology of the accessory piece of the copulatory organ. Its main lobe is cylindrical, tunnelled expanded distally, slightly bowed with a characteristic membranous opening at level of medial bifurcation of the accessory piece, forming a thick-walled bulbshaped expansion that ends in a round labium. The secondary lobe is spatulate, straight, and shorter than the main lobe. In addition, the new species can be distinguished from other species by the morphology of the haptoral ventral bar, and the distal end of the vaginal duct. Furthermore the ventral anchors are shorter than those of all other species of Ligophorus reported in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. In addition, the zoogeographical records of Ligophorus spp. on the M. cephalus species complex are briefly reviewed and updated.
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Llopis-Belenguer C, Balbuena JA, Galván-Femenía I, Rodríguez-González A. Phenotypic Buffering in a Monogenean: Canalization and Developmental Stability in Shape and Size of the Haptoral Anchors of Ligophorus cephali (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142365. [PMID: 26544190 PMCID: PMC4636253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation results from the balance between sources of variation and counteracting regulatory mechanisms. Canalization and developmental stability are two such mechanisms, acting at two different levels of regulation. The issue of whether or not they act concurrently as a common developmental buffering capacity has been subject to debate. We used geometric morphometrics to quantify the mechanisms that guarantee phenotypic constancy in the haptoral anchors of Ligophorus cephali. Canalization and developmental stability were appraised by estimating inter- and intra-individual variation, respectively, in size and shape of dorsal and ventral anchors. The latter variation was estimated as fluctuating asymmetry (FA) between anchor pairs. The general-buffering-capacity hypothesis was tested by two different methods based on correlations and Principal Components Analyses of the different components of size and shape variation. Evidence for FA in the dorsal and ventral anchors in both shape and size was found. Our analyses supported the hypothesis of a general developmental buffering capacity. The evidence was more compelling for shape than for size and, particularly, for the ventral anchors than for the dorsal ones. These results are in line with previous studies of dactylogyrids suggesting that ventral anchors secure a firmer, more permanent attachment, whereas dorsal anchors are more mobile. Because fixation to the host is crucial for survival in ectoparasites, we suggest that homeostatic development of the ventral anchors has been promoted to ensure the morphological constancy required for efficient attachment. Geometric morphometrics can be readily applied to other host-monogenean models, affording not only to disentangle the effects of canalization and developmental stability, as shown herein, but to further partition the environmental and genetic components of the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Llopis-Belenguer
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan Antonio Balbuena
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Galván-Femenía
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Abril Rodríguez-González
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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15
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Fraija-Fernández N, Crespo-Picazo JL, Domènech F, Míguez-Lozano R, Palacios-Abella JF, Rodríguez-González A, Villar-Torres M, Gozalbes P. First Stranding Event of a Common Minke Whale Calf,Balaenoptera acutorostrataLacépède, 1804, Reported in Spanish Mediterranean Waters. Mammal Study 2015. [DOI: 10.3106/041.040.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Rodríguez-González A, Míguez-Lozano R, Llopis-Belenguer C, Balbuena JA. Phenotypic plasticity in haptoral structures of Ligophorus cephali (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) on the flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus): a geometric morphometric approach. Int J Parasitol 2015; 45:295-303. [PMID: 25736600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Evaluating phenotypic plasticity in attachment organs of parasites can provide information on the capacity to colonise new hosts and illuminate evolutionary processes driving host specificity. We analysed the variability in shape and size of the dorsal and ventral anchors of Ligophorus cephali from Mugil cephalus by means of geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. We also assessed the morphological integration between anchors and between the roots and points in order to gain insight into their functional morphology. Dorsal and ventral anchors showed a similar gradient of overall shape variation, but the amount of localised changes was much higher in the former. Statistical models describing variations in shape and size revealed clear differences between anchors. The dorsal anchor/bar complex seems more mobile than the ventral one in Ligophorus, and these differences may reflect different functional roles in attachment to the gills. The lower residual variation associated with the ventral anchor models suggests a tighter control of their shape and size, perhaps because these anchors seem to be responsible for firmer attachment and their size and shape would allow more effective responses to characteristics of the microenvironment within the individual host. Despite these putative functional differences, the high level of morphological integration indicates a concerted action between anchors. In addition, we found a slight, although significant, morphological integration between roots and points in both anchors, which suggests that a large fraction of the observed phenotypic variation does not compromise the functional role of anchors as levers. Given the low level of genetic variation in our sample, it is likely that much of the morphological variation reflects host-driven plastic responses. This supports the hypothesis of monogenean specificity through host-switching and rapid speciation. The present study demonstrates the potential of geometric morphometrics to provide new and previously unexplored insights into the functional morphology of attachment and evolutionary processes of host-parasite coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril Rodríguez-González
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Raúl Míguez-Lozano
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Llopis-Belenguer
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Balbuena
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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Campos J, Núñez MC, Conejo-García A, Sánchez-Martín RM, Hernández-Alcoceba R, Rodríguez-González A, Lacal JC, Gallo MA, Espinosa A. QSAR-derived choline kinase inhibitors: how rational can antiproliferative drug design be? Curr Med Chem 2003; 10:1095-112. [PMID: 12678804 DOI: 10.2174/0929867033457539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review presents an overview of Choline Kinase (ChoK) inhibitors with antiproliferative activity. The consideration of ChoK as a novel target for the development of new anticancer drugs is justified. The synthesis of several derivatives based on structural modifications of hemicholinium-3 (HC-3) is not accompanied by potentiation of the neurological toxicity of HC-3. The increment of both ChoK inhibitory and antiproliferative activities was successfully obtained by the two following changes: a) substitution of the oxazonium moiety of HC-3 by several aromatic heterocycles, and b) using the 1,2-ethylene(bisbenzyl) moiety instead of the 4,4'-biphenyl fragment. In an attempt to understand the ChoK inhibitory activity, a quantitative structure-activity relationship was developed. The QSAR equations have described the forces involved in quantitative terms. The electron characteristic of the substituent at position 4 of the heterocycle and the lipophilic character of the whole molecule were found to significantly affect the antitumour activity in compounds 17-95. Trispyridinium compounds 91-95 are more potent than the bispyridinium ones 87-89 as ChoK inhibitors. Nevertheless, 91-95 are less active than 87-89 as antiproliferative agents because the latter show better lipophilicities to cross the cytosolic membranes. Inhibition of the growth of human tumours in nude mice has been demonstrated: Antitumour activity of compound 64 against human HT-29 produced a decrease of up to 70% in the size of the tumour in nude mice. These results indicate that ChoK can be used as a general target for anticancer drug design against Ras-dependent tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Campos
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, c/ Campus de Cartuja, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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18
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Ramírez de Molina A, Rodríguez-González A, Penalva V, Lucas L, Lacal JC. Inhibition of ChoK is an efficient antitumor strategy for Harvey-, Kirsten-, and N-ras-transformed cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:873-9. [PMID: 11467831 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence suggests that elevated PCho levels are related to the transforming properties of the H-Ras oncoprotein. Based on these observations, we have designed an antitumor strategy using choline kinase, the enzyme responsible of PCho production, as a novel target for drug discovery. However, little relationship between this lipid-related pathway and the other two Ras members, N- and K-ras, has been established. Since N- and K-ras are the most frequently mutated ras genes in human tumors, we have analyzed the PC-PLD/ChoK pathway and the sensitivity to ChoK inhibition of all three ras-transformed cells. Here we demonstrate that transformation by the three Ras oncoproteins results in increased levels of PCho to a similar extent, resulting from a similar constitutive increase of ChoK activity. As well, sensitivity to choline kinase inhibitors as antiproliferative drugs is similar in cell lines transformed by each of the three ras oncogenes, being in all cases higher than parental, nontransformed cells. In addition, H, K and N-ras-induced alterations in PC metabolism is discussed. These results indicate that ChoK can be used as a general target for anticancer drug design against Ras-dependent tumorigenesis.
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Ramírez De Molina A, Rodríguez-González A, Lacal JC. Targeting new anticancer drugs within signalling pathways regulated by the Ras GTPase superfamily (Review). Int J Oncol 2001; 19:5-17. [PMID: 11408916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A dynamic equilibrium or is responsible for the proper function of a living organism. Physiological events regulating proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and cell arrest, modulates the correct homeostasis and functionality of all tissues. Cancer is a consequence of a disorder in these sequential events, which results in the alteration of the ratio between cell death, cell differentiation and cell proliferation that ultimately leads to an increase in the number of dysregulated cells. Most of the processes which control the are regulated by signalling pathways, whose components are currently being explored as potential targets for the design of antitumoral drugs. Many in vivo studies have shown that Ras and Rho proteins are key modulators of mitogenic signalling, and are involved in the carcinogenesis of several human tumors. The development of recent drugs that elicit antitumoral activity by blocking some of the Ras and/or Rho effects, is discussed in this review.
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Martínez-Vázquez C, Bordón J, Rodríguez-González A, de la Fuente-Aguado J, Sopeña B, Gallego-Rivera A, Martínez-Cueto P. Cerebral tuberculoma--a comparative study in patients with and without HIV infection. Infection 1995; 23:149-53. [PMID: 7499003 DOI: 10.1007/bf01793855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The microbiological, clinical and radiological findings of cerebral tuberculomas in four patients with and in five patients without HIV infection were compared. The study was carried out during the last 14 years. The CT scans were analyzed in a blinded fashion. Cerebral tuberculoma in HIV-negative patients was clinically characterized by seizures, while in HIV-positive patients this finding was absent. All four HIV-infected patients had headache and fever and their CSF showed lymphocytic meningitis. Two HIV-negative and three HIV-positive patients had concurrent extracerebral tuberculosis. In HIV-infected patients, the cerebral tuberculoma was a secondary finding of disseminated tuberculosis. In our small patient samples, the cerebral tuberculoma presented as spontaneous hypodense cerebral lesions in all the HIV-positive patients but as a hyperdense cerebral lesion in the HIV-negative patients. Two patients of each group had ring enhancement lesions. Cerebral tuberculoma was diagnosed in about 4 weeks for HIV-positive patients, but took some 16 weeks for HIV-negative patients, the latter being first suspected of having a cerebral tumor or bacterial abscess. Diagnostic craniotomy was thus necessary for the HIV-negative patients. One patient of each group died as a consequence of cerebral tuberculoma, all the remaining patients improved with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martínez-Vázquez
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Xeral of Vigo Medical School of Santiago de Compostela University, Spain
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