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Yadav VK, Amari A, Mahdhi N, Elkhaleefa AM, Fulekar MH, Patel A. A novel and economical approach for the synthesis of short rod-shaped mesoporous silica nanoparticles from coal fly ash waste by Bacillus circulans MTCC 6811. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:289. [PMID: 37640981 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Coal fly ash (CFA) is an industrial byproduct produced during the production of electricity in thermal power plants from the burning of pulverized coal. It is considered hazardous due to the presence of toxic heavy metals while it is also considered valuable due to the presence of value-added minerals like silicates, alumina, and iron oxides. Silica nanoparticles' demands and application have increased drastically in the last decade due to their mesoporous nature, high surface area to volume ratio, etc. Here in the present research work, short rod-shaped, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have been synthesized from coal fly ash by using Bacillus circulans MTCC 6811 in two steps. Firstly, CFA was kept with the bacterial culture for bioleaching for 25 days in an incubator shaker at 120 rpm. Secondly, the dissolved silica in the medium was precipitated with the 4 M sodium hydroxide to obtain a short rod-shaped MSN. The purification of the synthesized silica particle was done by treating them with 1 M HCl at 120 °C, for 90 min. The synthesized short rod-shaped MSN were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Particle size analyzer (PSA), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscope. The microscopic techniques revealed the short rod-shaped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) for the final nano-silica, whose size varies from 40 to 80 nm, with an average size of 36 ± 5 nm. The XRD shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized MSN having a crystallite size of 36 nm. The FTIR showed the three characteristic bands in the range of 400-1100 cm-1, indicating the purity of the sample. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed 53.04 wt% oxygen and 43.42% Si along with 3.54% carbon in the final MSN. The particle size analyzer revealed that the average particle size is 368.7 nm in radius and the polydispersity index (PDI) is 0.667. Such a novel and economical approach could be helpful in the synthesis of silica in high yield with high purity from coal fly ash and other similar waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar Yadav
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India.
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, 384265, India.
| | - Abdelfattah Amari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Mahdhi
- Laboratory Materials Organizations and Properties, Tunis El Manar University, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abubakr M Elkhaleefa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Fulekar
- Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Wagodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, 384265, India
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Boulkhessaim S, Gacem A, Khan SH, Amari A, Yadav VK, Harharah HN, Elkhaleefa AM, Yadav KK, Rather SU, Ahn HJ, Jeon BH. Emerging Trends in the Remediation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Using Nanomaterials and Related Processes: A Review. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:nano12132148. [PMID: 35807983 PMCID: PMC9268313 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have become a major global concern due to their large amount of utilization every year and their calcitrant nature. Due to their continuous utilization and calcitrant nature, it has led to several environmental hazards. The conventional approaches are expensive, less efficient, laborious, time-consuming, and expensive. Therefore, here in this review the authors suggest the shortcomings of conventional techniques by using nanoparticles and nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has shown immense potential for the remediation of such POPs within a short period of time with high efficiency. The present review highlights the use of nanoremediation technologies for the removal of POPs with a special focus on nanocatalysis, nanofiltration, and nanoadsorption processes. Nanoparticles such as clays, zinc oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, and their composites have been used widely for the efficient remediation of POPs. Moreover, filtrations such as nanofiltration and ultrafiltration have also shown interest in the remediation of POPs from wastewater. From several pieces of literature, it has been found that nano-based techniques have shown complete removal of POPs from wastewater in comparison to conventional methods, but the cost is one of the major issues when it comes to nano- and ultrafiltration. Future research in nano-based techniques for POP remediation will solve the cost issue and will make it one of the most widely accepted and available techniques. Nano-based processes provide a sustainable solution to the problem of POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Boulkhessaim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, 26 El Hadaiek, Skikda 21000, Algeria; (S.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, 26 El Hadaiek, Skikda 21000, Algeria; (S.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Samreen Heena Khan
- Research & Development Centre, YNC Envis Pvt Ltd., New Delhi 110001, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.K.); (B.-H.J.)
| | - Abdelfattah Amari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (H.N.H.); (A.M.E.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Processes, Research Laboratory of Processes, Energetics, Environment and Electrical Systems, National School of Engineers, Gabes University, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh 332311, India;
| | - Hamed N. Harharah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (H.N.H.); (A.M.E.)
| | - Abubakr M. Elkhaleefa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (H.N.H.); (A.M.E.)
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India;
| | - Sami-ullah Rather
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hyun-Jo Ahn
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.H.K.); (B.-H.J.)
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Alzahrani FM, Alsaiari NS, Katubi KM, Amari A, Elkhaleefa AM, Rebah FB, Tahoon MA. Magnetic Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Nanocomposite for Pb(II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2021; 26:4809. [PMID: 34443398 PMCID: PMC8401485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report in the present study the in situ formation of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 or Fe) within porous N-doped carbon (Fe3O4/N@C) via simple impregnation, polymerization, and calcination sequentially. The synthesized nanocomposite structural properties were investigated using different techniques showing its good construction. The formed nanocomposite showed a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 23.0 emu g-1 due to the implanted magnetic nanoparticles and high surface area from the porous N-doped carbon. The nanocomposite was formed as graphite-type layers. The well-synthesized nanocomposite showed a high adsorption affinity toward Pb2+ toxic ions. The nanosorbent showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 250.0 mg/g toward the Pb2+ metallic ions at pH of 5.5, initial Pb2+ concentration of 180.0 mg/L, and room temperature. Due to its superparamagnetic characteristics, an external magnet was used for the fast separation of the nanocomposite. This enabled the study of the nanocomposite reusability toward Pb2+ ions, showing good chemical stability even after six cycles. Subsequently, Fe3O4/N@C nanocomposite was shown to have excellent efficiency for the removal of toxic Pb2+ ions from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Mohammed Alzahrani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Norah Salem Alsaiari
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdelfattah Amari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Laboratory of Energy and Environment, Department of Chemical Engineering, National School of Engineers, Gabes University, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Abubakr M. Elkhaleefa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faouzi Ben Rebah
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Sfax University, P.O. Box 263, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Mohamed A. Tahoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Brima EI, Mohammed ME, Al-qarni MA, Omari AMHA, Elkhaleefa AM, AlBishri HM. Assessment of trace elements in camel (Camelus dromedarius) meat, hump and liver consumed in Saudi Arabia by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J CAMEL PRACT RES 2019. [DOI: 10.5958/2277-8934.2019.00028.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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