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Ulisse V, Dey S, Rothbard DE, Zeevi E, Gokhman I, Dadosh T, Minis A, Yaron A. Regulation of axonal morphogenesis by the mitochondrial protein Efhd1. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/7/e202000753. [PMID: 32414840 PMCID: PMC7232985 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, neurons adjust their energy balance to meet the high demands of robust axonal growth and branching. The mechanisms that regulate this tuning are largely unknown. Here, we show that sensory neurons lacking liver kinase B1 (Lkb1), a master regulator of energy homeostasis, exhibit impaired axonal growth and branching. Biochemical analysis of these neurons revealed reduction in axonal ATP levels, whereas transcriptome analysis uncovered down-regulation of Efhd1 (EF-hand domain family member D1), a mitochondrial Ca2+-binding protein. Genetic ablation of Efhd1 in mice resulted in reduced axonal morphogenesis as well as enhanced neuronal death. Strikingly, this ablation causes mitochondrial dysfunction and a decrease in axonal ATP levels. Moreover, Efhd1 KO sensory neurons display shortened mitochondria at the axonal growth cones, activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Ulk (Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase 1) pathway and an increase in autophagic flux. Overall, this work uncovers a new mitochondrial regulator that is required for axonal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ulisse
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Swagata Dey
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Deborah E Rothbard
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einav Zeevi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irena Gokhman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Dadosh
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Faculty of Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Minis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avraham Yaron
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Liu K, Jones S, Minis A, Rodriguez J, Molina H, Steller H. PI31 Is an Adaptor Protein for Proteasome Transport in Axons and Required for Synaptic Development. Dev Cell 2019; 50:509-524.e10. [PMID: 31327739 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is critical for neuronal function. Neurons utilize microtubule-dependent molecular motors to allocate proteasomes to synapses, but how proteasomes are coupled to motors and how this is regulated to meet changing demand for protein breakdown remain largely unknown. We show that the conserved proteasome-binding protein PI31 serves as an adaptor to couple proteasomes with dynein light chain proteins (DYNLL1/2). The inactivation of PI31 inhibited proteasome motility in axons and disrupted synaptic proteostasis, structure, and function. Moreover, phosphorylation of PI31 by p38 MAPK enhanced binding to DYNLL1/2 and promoted the directional movement of proteasomes in axons, suggesting a mechanism to regulate loading of proteasomes onto motors. Inactivation of PI31 in mouse neurons attenuated proteasome movement in axons, indicating this process is conserved. Because mutations affecting PI31 activity are associated with human neurodegenerative diseases, impairment of PI31-mediated axonal transport of proteasomes may contribute to these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sandra Jones
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Adi Minis
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Levin A, Minis A, Lalazar G, Rodriguez J, Steller H. PSMD5 Inactivation Promotes 26S Proteasome Assembly during Colorectal Tumor Progression. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3458-3468. [PMID: 29716915 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is central to protein homeostasis and cell survival. The active 26S proteasome is a large protease complex consisting of a catalytic 20S subunit and 19S regulatory particles. Cancer cells are exposed to considerable protein overload due to high metabolic rates, reprogrammed energy metabolism, and aneuploidy. Here we report a mechanism that facilitates the assembly of active 26S proteasomes in malignant cells. Upon tumorigenic transformation of the gut epithelium, 26S proteasome assembly was significantly enhanced, but levels of individual subunits were not changed. This enhanced assembly of 26S proteasomes increased further with tumor progression and was observed specifically in transformed cells, but not in other rapidly dividing cells. Moreover, expression of PSMD5, an inhibitor of proteasome assembly, was reduced in intestinal tumors and silenced with tumor progression. Reexpression of PSMD5 in tumor cells caused decreased 26S assembly and accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins. These results suggest that inhibition of cancer-associated proteasome assembly may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to selectively kill cancer cells.Significance: Enhanced cancer-associated proteasome assembly is a major stress response that allows tumors to adapt to and to withstand protein overload.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/13/3458/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(13); 3458-68. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Levin
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York. .,Division of Gastroenterology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Adi Minis
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Gadi Lalazar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
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Abstract
In this issue of Developmental Cell, Aram et al. (2016) identify a mechanism that uses a Krebs cycle protein to control local activation of a ubiquitin ligase complex at the mitochondrial outer membrane for temporally and spatially restricted caspase activation during Drosophila sperm differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Minis
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Arad G, Levy R, Nasie I, Hillman D, Rotfogel Z, Barash U, Supper E, Shpilka T, Minis A, Kaempfer R. Correction: Binding of Superantigen Toxins into the CD28 Homodimer Interface Is Essential for Induction of Cytokine Genes That Mediate Lethal Shock. PLoS Biol 2015; 13:e1002237. [PMID: 26296256 PMCID: PMC4546411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Mlechkovich G, Peng SS, Shacham V, Martinez E, Gokhman I, Minis A, Tran TS, Yaron A. Distinct cytoplasmic domains in Plexin-A4 mediate diverse responses to semaphorin 3A in developing mammalian neurons. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra24. [PMID: 24619647 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Guidance receptor signaling is crucial for neural circuit formation and elicits diverse cellular events in specific neurons. We found that signaling from the guidance cue semaphorin 3A diverged through distinct cytoplasmic domains in its receptor Plexin-A4 to promote disparate cellular behavior in different neuronal cell types. Plexin-A4 has three main cytoplasmic domains--C1, Hinge/RBD, and C2--and interacts with family members of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor FARP proteins. We show that growth cone collapse occurred in Plexin-A4-deficient dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons reconstituted with Plexin-A4 containing either the Hinge/RBD or C2 domain, whereas both of the Hinge/RBD and C1 domains were required for dendritic arborization in cortical neurons. Although knockdown studies indicated that both the collapse and arborization responses involved FARP2, mutations in the cytoplasmic region of Plexin-A4 that reduced its interaction with FARP2 strongly inhibited semaphorin 3A-induced dendritic branching but not growth cone collapse, suggesting that different degrees of interaction are required for the two responses or that developing axons have an indirect path to FARP2 activation. Thus, our study provided insights into the multifunctionality of guidance receptors, in particular showing that the semaphorin 3A signal diverges through specific functions of the modular domains of Plexin-A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Mlechkovich
- 1Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Minis A, Dahary D, Manor O, Leshkowitz D, Pilpel Y, Yaron A. Subcellular transcriptomics-Dissection of the mRNA composition in the axonal compartment of sensory neurons. Dev Neurobiol 2013; 74:365-81. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Minis
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Dvir Dahary
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Ohad Manor
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Dena Leshkowitz
- Biological Services Department; Bioinformatics Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yitzhak Pilpel
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Avraham Yaron
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot 76100 Israel
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Hanada T, Weitzer S, Mair B, Bernreuther C, Wainger BJ, Ichida J, Hanada R, Orthofer M, Cronin SJ, Komnenovic V, Minis A, Sato F, Mimata H, Yoshimura A, Tamir I, Rainer J, Kofler R, Yaron A, Eggan KC, Woolf CJ, Glatzel M, Herbst R, Martinez J, Penninger JM. CLP1 links tRNA metabolism to progressive motor-neuron loss. Nature 2013; 495:474-80. [PMID: 23474986 DOI: 10.1038/nature11923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CLP1 was the first mammalian RNA kinase to be identified. However, determining its in vivo function has been elusive. Here we generated kinase-dead Clp1 (Clp1(K/K)) mice that show a progressive loss of spinal motor neurons associated with axonal degeneration in the peripheral nerves and denervation of neuromuscular junctions, resulting in impaired motor function, muscle weakness, paralysis and fatal respiratory failure. Transgenic rescue experiments show that CLP1 functions in motor neurons. Mechanistically, loss of CLP1 activity results in accumulation of a novel set of small RNA fragments, derived from aberrant processing of tyrosine pre-transfer RNA. These tRNA fragments sensitize cells to oxidative-stress-induced p53 (also known as TRP53) activation and p53-dependent cell death. Genetic inactivation of p53 rescues Clp1(K/K) mice from the motor neuron loss, muscle denervation and respiratory failure. Our experiments uncover a mechanistic link between tRNA processing, formation of a new RNA species and progressive loss of lower motor neurons regulated by p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Hanada
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1030, Austria
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Arad G, Levy R, Nasie I, Hillman D, Rotfogel Z, Barash U, Supper E, Shpilka T, Minis A, Kaempfer R. Binding of superantigen toxins into the CD28 homodimer interface is essential for induction of cytokine genes that mediate lethal shock. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1001149. [PMID: 21931534 PMCID: PMC3172200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial superantigens, a diverse family of toxins, induce an inflammatory cytokine storm that can lead to lethal shock. CD28 is a homodimer expressed on T cells that functions as the principal costimulatory ligand in the immune response through an interaction with its B7 coligands, yet we show here that to elicit inflammatory cytokine gene expression and toxicity, superantigens must bind directly into the dimer interface of CD28. Preventing access of the superantigen to CD28 suffices to block its lethality. Mice were protected from lethal superantigen challenge by short peptide mimetics of the CD28 dimer interface and by peptides selected to compete with the superantigen for its binding site in CD28. Superantigens use a conserved β-strand/hinge/α-helix domain of hitherto unknown function to engage CD28. Mutation of this superantigen domain abolished inflammatory cytokine gene induction and lethality. Structural analysis showed that when a superantigen binds to the T cell receptor on the T cell and major histocompatibility class II molecule on the antigen-presenting cell, CD28 can be accommodated readily as third superantigen receptor in the quaternary complex, with the CD28 dimer interface oriented towards the β-strand/hinge/α-helix domain in the superantigen. Our findings identify the CD28 homodimer interface as a critical receptor target for superantigens. The novel role of CD28 as receptor for a class of microbial pathogens, the superantigen toxins, broadens the scope of pathogen recognition mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gila Arad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Revital Levy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Iris Nasie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dalia Hillman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ziv Rotfogel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uri Barash
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Emmanuelle Supper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tomer Shpilka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Minis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Raymond Kaempfer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail:
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