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Mindos T, Dun XP, North K, Doddrell RDS, Schulz A, Edwards P, Russell J, Gray B, Roberts SL, Shivane A, Mortimer G, Pirie M, Zhang N, Pan D, Morrison H, Parkinson DB. Merlin controls the repair capacity of Schwann cells after injury by regulating Hippo/YAP activity. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:495-510. [PMID: 28137778 PMCID: PMC5294779 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201606052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of Schwann cells in the PNS underlies functional repair after injury. In this study, Mindos et al. show a new function for the tumor suppressor Merlin and Hippo/YAP signaling in the generation of repair-competent Schwann cells after injury. Loss of the Merlin tumor suppressor and activation of the Hippo signaling pathway play major roles in the control of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. We have identified completely novel roles for Merlin and the Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the control of Schwann cell (SC) plasticity and peripheral nerve repair after injury. Injury to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) causes a dramatic shift in SC molecular phenotype and the generation of repair-competent SCs, which direct functional repair. We find that loss of Merlin in these cells causes a catastrophic failure of axonal regeneration and remyelination in the PNS. This effect is mediated by activation of YAP expression in Merlin-null SCs, and loss of YAP restores axonal regrowth and functional repair. This work identifies new mechanisms that control the regenerative potential of SCs and gives new insight into understanding the correct control of functional nerve repair in the PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mindos
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Xin-Peng Dun
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Katherine North
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK.,University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, England, UK
| | - Robin D S Doddrell
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Philip Edwards
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, England, UK
| | - James Russell
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Bethany Gray
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK.,University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, England, UK
| | - Sheridan L Roberts
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Aditya Shivane
- Department of Cellular and Anatomical Pathology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, England, UK
| | - Georgina Mortimer
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Melissa Pirie
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
| | - Nailing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - David B Parkinson
- Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth PL6 8BU, England, UK
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