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Jupke JF, Birk S, Apostolou A, Aroviita J, Baattrup-Pedersen A, Baláži P, Barešová L, Blanco S, Borrego-Ramos M, van Dam H, Dimitriou E, Feld CK, Ferreira MT, Gecheva G, Gomà J, Hanžek N, Haslev IM, Isheva T, Jamoneau A, Jyrkänkallio-Mikkola J, Kahlert M, Karaouzas I, Karjalainen SM, Olenici A, Panek P, Paril P, Peeters ETHM, Polášek M, Pont D, Pumputyte A, Sandin L, Sochuliaková L, Soininen J, Stanković I, Straka M, Šušnjara M, Sutela T, Tison-Rosebery J, Udovič MG, Verhofstad M, Žutinić P, Schäfer RB. European river typologies fail to capture diatom, fish, and macrophyte community composition. Sci Total Environ 2023; 896:165081. [PMID: 37355122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Typology systems are frequently used in applied and fundamental ecology and are relevant for environmental monitoring and conservation. They aggregate ecosystems into discrete types based on biotic and abiotic variables, assuming that ecosystems of the same type are more alike than ecosystems of different types with regard to a specific property of interest. We evaluated whether this assumption is met by the Broad River Types (BRT), a recently proposed European river typology system, that classifies river segments based on abiotic variables, when it is used to group biological communities. We compiled data on the community composition of diatoms, fishes, and aquatic macrophytes throughout Europe and evaluated whether the composition is more similar in site groups with the same river type than in site groups of different river types using analysis of similarities, classification strength, typical species analysis, and the area under zeta diversity decline curves. We compared the performance of the BRT with those of four region-based typology systems, namely, Illies Freshwater Ecoregions, the Biogeographic Regions, the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World, and the Environmental Zones, as well as spatial autocorrelation (SA) classifications. All typology systems received low scores from most evaluation methods, relative to predefined thresholds and the SA classifications. The BRT often scored lowest of all typology systems. Within each typology system, community composition overlapped considerably between site groups defined by the types of the systems. The overlap tended to be the lowest for fishes and between Illies Freshwater Ecoregions. In conclusion, we found that existing broad-scale river typology systems fail to delineate site groups with distinct and compositionally homogeneous communities of diatoms, fishes, and macrophytes. A way to improve the fit between typology systems and biological communities might be to combine segment-based and region-based typology systems to simultaneously account for local environmental variation and historical distribution patterns, thus potentially improving the utility of broad-scale typology systems for freshwater biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Jupke
- Institute for Environmental Sciences iES, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Campus Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Birk
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Apostolos Apostolou
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Gagarin 2, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Jukka Aroviita
- Finnish Environment Institute, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Peter Baláži
- Water Research Institute, Nabr. arm. gen. L. Svobodu 7, 81249 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Libuše Barešová
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Šabatce 17, 143 06 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Saúl Blanco
- Diatom Lab, Universidad de León, La Serna 58, E24007 Leon, Spain
| | | | - Herman van Dam
- Consultancy for Water and Nature, Spyridon Louisweg 141, 1034 WR Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elias Dimitriou
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources & Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Av., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | - Christian K Feld
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Teresa Ferreira
- Forest Research Centre and Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gana Gecheva
- Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University, Tsar Asen 24, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Joan Gomà
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nikola Hanžek
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer Water Institute, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tsvetelina Isheva
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Gagarin 2, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | | | | | - Maria Kahlert
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, PO Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Karaouzas
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources & Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Av., 19013 Anavyssos, Attica, Greece
| | | | - Adriana Olenici
- Diatom Lab, Universidad de León, La Serna 58, E24007 Leon, Spain; Babeș-Bolyai University, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Fântânele Street, No. 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Piotr Panek
- Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, ul. Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 3, 02-362 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Petr Paril
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Edwin T H M Peeters
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marek Polášek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Didier Pont
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-MendelStrasse 33, Vienna, Austria
| | - Audrone Pumputyte
- Aplinkos apsaugos agentūra, A Juozapavičiaus g.9, 09311 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Leonard Sandin
- Norwegian institute for nature research (NINA), Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Lucia Sochuliaková
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Janne Soininen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, PO Box 64, Fi-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Igor Stanković
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer Water Institute, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michal Straka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic; T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mirela Šušnjara
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tapio Sutela
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | - Michiel Verhofstad
- FLORON: Plant Conservation Netherlands, Toernooiveld 1, 6525ED Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Petar Žutinić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences iES, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Campus Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
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Blanco S, Olenici A, Ortega F, Jiménez-Gómez F, Guerrero F. Identifying environmental drivers of benthic diatom diversity: the case of Mediterranean mountain ponds. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8825. [PMID: 32231886 PMCID: PMC7100592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims at elucidating the environmental factors controlling benthic diatom diversity and uniqueness in Mediterranean mountain ponds. Samples of periphytic diatoms were collected in 45 ponds in Andalusia, south of Spain, and analysed by standard methods. Data analysis reveals that diatom diversity is mainly controlled by elevation and hydroperiod. Contrary to the usual findings in the literature, the highest scores on Shannon's diversity index were found in high-elevation temporary ponds, but this effect is hidden by lake clustering in the analysed dataset. Significant distance-decay similarity (DDS) trends were detected in the analysis of floristic composition among the samples, stressing the importance of spatial factors that may override the effect of other abiotic factors. These findings highlight the role of isolation and dispersal limitation in the configuration of the biogeographical patterns of benthic diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Blanco
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, Leon, Spain
| | - Adriana Olenici
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Fernando Ortega
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Jiménez-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias de la Tierra, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias de la Tierra, Jaén, Spain
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Sanchez C, Cristóbal G, Bueno G, Blanco S, Borrego-Ramos M, Olenici A, Pedraza A, Ruiz-Santaquiteria J. Oblique illumination in microscopy: A quantitative evaluation. Micron 2017; 105:47-54. [PMID: 29179008 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Many biological objects are barely distinguished with the brightfield microscope because they appear transparent, translucent and colourless. One simple way to make such specimens visible without compromising contrast and resolution is by controlling the amount and the directionality of the illumination light. Oblique illumination is an old technique described by many scientists and microscopists that however has been largely neglected in favour of other alternative methods. Oblique lighting (OL) is created by illuminating the sample by only a portion of the light coming from the condenser. If properly used it can improve the resolution and contrast of transparent specimens such as diatoms. In this paper a quantitative evaluation of OL in brigthfield microscopy is presented. Several feature descriptors were selected for characterising contrast and sharpness showing that in general OL provides better performance for distinguishing minute details compared to other lighting modalities. Oblique lighting is capable to produce directionally shadowed differential contrast images allowing to observe phase details in a similar way to differential contrast images (DIC) but at lower cost. The main advantage of OL is that the resolution of the light microscope can be increased by effectively doubling the angular aperture. OL appears as a cost-effective technique both for the amateur and professional scientist that can be used as a replacement of DIC or phase contrast when resources are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sanchez
- Instituto de Óptica (CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Bueno
- Univ. Castilla La Mancha, Av. Camilo Jose Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Saul Blanco
- Institute of the Environment, Univ. of Leon, La Serna 58, 24007 Leon, Spain
| | | | - Adriana Olenici
- Institute of the Environment, Univ. of Leon, La Serna 58, 24007 Leon, Spain; Fac. of Environmental Sci. and Eng., Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anibal Pedraza
- Univ. Castilla La Mancha, Av. Camilo Jose Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Olenici A, Blanco S, Borrego-Ramos M, Momeu L, Baciu C. Exploring the effects of acid mine drainage on diatom teratology using geometric morphometry. Ecotoxicology 2017; 26:1018-1030. [PMID: 28699076 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution of aquatic habitats is a major and persistent environmental problem. Acid mine drainage (AMD) affects lotic systems in numerous and interactive ways. In the present work, a mining area (Roșia Montană) was chosen as study site, and we focused on two aims: (i) to find the set of environmental predictors leading to the appearance of the abnormal diatom individuals in the study area and (ii) to assess the relationship between the degree of valve outline deformation and AMD-derived pollution. In this context, morphological differences between populations of Achnanthidium minutissimum and A. macrocephalum, including normal and abnormal individuals, were evidenced by means of valve shape analysis. Geometric morphometry managed to capture and discriminate normal and abnormal individuals. Multivariate analyses (NMDS, PLS) separated the four populations of the two species mentioned and revealed the main physico-chemical parameters that influenced valve deformation in this context, namely conductivity, Zn, and Cu. ANOSIM test evidenced the presence of statistically significant differences between normal and abnormal individuals within both chosen Achnanthidium taxa. In order to determine the relative contribution of each of the measured physico-chemical parameters in the observed valve outline deformations, a PLS was conducted, confirming the results of the NMDS. The presence of deformed individuals in the study area can be attributed to the fact that the diatom communities were strongly affected by AMD released from old mining works and waste rock deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Olenici
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, Fântânele Street, No. 30, 400294, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- The Institute of the Environment, La Serna Street, No. 58, 24007, León, Spain.
| | - Saúl Blanco
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management, University of León, León, Spain.
- The Institute of the Environment, La Serna Street, No. 58, 24007, León, Spain.
| | - María Borrego-Ramos
- Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Laura Momeu
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street, No. 5-7, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Călin Baciu
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, Fântânele Street, No. 30, 400294, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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