1
|
Strell C, Smith DR, Valachis A, Woldeyesus H, Wadsten C, Micke P, Fredriksson I, Schiza A. Use of beta-blockers in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and risk of invasive breast cancer recurrence: a Swedish retrospective cohort study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07358-y. [PMID: 38763971 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective observational studies suggest a potential role of beta-blockers as a protective strategy against progression and metastasis in invasive breast cancer. In this context, we investigated the impact of beta-blocker exposure on risk for progression to invasive breast cancer after diagnosis of ductal cancer in situ (DCIS). METHODS The retrospective study population included 2535 women diagnosed with pure DCIS between 2006 and2012 in three healthcare regions in SwedenExposure to beta-blocker was quantified using a time-varying percentage of days with medication available. The absolute risk was quantified using cumulative incidence functions and cox models were applied to quantify the association between beta-blocker exposure and time from DCIS diagnosis to invasive breast cancer, accounting for delayed effects, competing risks and pre-specified confounders. RESULTS The median follow-up was 8.7 years. One third of the patients in our cohort were exposed to beta-blockers post DCIS diagnosis. During the study period, 48 patients experienced an invasive recurrence, giving a cumulative incidence of invasive breast cancer progression of 1.8% at five years. The cumulative exposure to beta-blocker was associated with a reduced risk in a dose-dependent manner, though the effect was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our observational study is suggestive of a protective effect of beta-blockers against invasive breast cancer after primary DCIS diagnosis. These results provide rationales for experimental and clinical follow-up studies in carefully selected DCIS groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Strell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel Robert Smith
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Antonis Valachis
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Hellén Woldeyesus
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Wadsten
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sundsvall Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irma Fredriksson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aglaia Schiza
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schiza A, Fredriksson I, Sund M, Valachis A. Treatment utilization and effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy comparing men and women diagnosed with breast cancer: a Swedish retrospective cohort study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 203:235-243. [PMID: 37812362 PMCID: PMC10787884 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence supporting the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in early breast cancer is based on studies mainly including women, whereas the utilization and effectiveness of NAC in men is less studied. The present study aimed to investigate the utilization and effectiveness of NAC in men and women with early breast cancer. METHODS Eligible patients were identified through the Swedish National Breast Cancer Quality Register, that includes all newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in Sweden from 2008 and onwards. For the treatment utilization analysis, all patients with stage I-III between 2008 and 2020 were included (n = 82,888), whereas for the effectiveness analysis the cohort was restricted to patients receiving NAC (n = 6487). For both analyses, multivariate logistic regression models were applied to investigate potential sex disparities in NAC utilization and effectiveness, adjusted for patient- and tumor characteristics. RESULTS In the NAC utilization analysis, 487 men and 82,401 women with stage I-III were included. No statistically significant difference between sexes in terms of NAC utilization was observed (adjusted Odds Ratio (adjOR): 1.135; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.606-2.128) with an overall utilization rate of 4.9% in men compared to 7.8% in women. Among the 24 men and 6463 women who received NAC, the pathologic complete response (pCR) rates were 16.7% and 21.2%, respectively (adjOR: 1.141; 95% CI 0.141-9.238). CONCLUSION The present study did not find any sex disparities in NAC utilization or effectiveness in terms of pCR. This supports the current recommendations of treating men with breast cancer with the same indications for NAC as women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aglaia Schiza
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsvag 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Irma Fredriksson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumours and Sarcoma, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antonios Valachis
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pantiora E, Hedman LC, Aristokleous I, Sjökvist O, Karakatsanis A, Schiza A. Effect of mode of delivery of patient reported outcomes in patients with breast disease: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Surg 2024; 110:176-182. [PMID: 37800546 PMCID: PMC10793790 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient reported outcomes (PROs) have an integral role on how to improve patients' overall experience. The optimal PROs delivery in patients with breast disease is an important issue since PROs are steadily integrated in routine care. METHODS An institutional phase 3 randomised controlled, open-label trial. Eligible candidates were adult women with perceived or confirmed breast disease. Computer generated randomization was used to allocate interventions: collection of PROs in electronic or paper form. Our objective was the effectiveness of electronic versus paper form of PROs. The main outcome measures were: response rate, reported experience, administrative resources, and carbon dioxide emissions. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-eight patients were randomised. After loss-to-follow-up and consent withdrawals, 218 participants (median age, IQR=55, 21; n =110/ n =108) were included in the per-intention-to-treat analysis. Response rate was 61.8% for electronic patient reported outcomes (ePROs) and 63.9% for paper patient reported outcomes (pPROs) (difference=-2.1%, 95% CI: -15.8-11.7%). Only known breast cancer at recruitment was predictive for response in multivariable analysis. ePROs were associated with a 57% reduction in administrative time required, a 95% reduction in incremental costs, and 84% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, all differences being significant. No difference was detected in perception of PRO significance or ease of completion, but participants experienced that they needed less time to complete ePROs [median, (IQR) 10 (9) respectively 15(10)]. Finally, respondents would prefer ePROs over pPROs (difference 48.1%, 95% CI: 32.8-63.4%). CONCLUSION ePROs do not increase the response rate in patients with perceived or confirmed breast disease. However, they can enhance patient experience, reduce incremental costs, facilitate administrative logistics, and are more sustainable. On the basis of these findings, both modalities should continue to be available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Pantiora
- Department for Surgical Sciences, Faculty for Medicine and Pharmacy
- Department for Surgery, Breast Surgical Unit
| | - Lia-Chasmine Hedman
- Department for Surgical Sciences, Faculty for Medicine and Pharmacy
- Department for Surgery, Breast Surgical Unit
| | - Iliana Aristokleous
- Department for Surgical Sciences, Faculty for Medicine and Pharmacy
- Department for Surgery, Breast Surgical Unit
| | - Olivia Sjökvist
- Department for Surgical Sciences, Faculty for Medicine and Pharmacy
- Department for Plastic Surgery
| | - Andreas Karakatsanis
- Department for Surgical Sciences, Faculty for Medicine and Pharmacy
- Department for Surgery, Breast Surgical Unit
| | - Aglaia Schiza
- Science of Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schiza A, Fredriksson I, Sund M, Valachis A. De novo metastatic breast cancer in men vs women: a Swedish population-based cohort study. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad050. [PMID: 37490458 PMCID: PMC10444027 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Current evidence on de novo metastatic breast cancer is based on data from women. This Swedish population-based cohort study compared the incidence over time and prognosis of de novo metastatic breast cancer between sexes using data from the Swedish National Quality Register for Breast Cancer. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to compare incidence trends in all stages (104 733 women, 648 men) and multivariate Cox regression analysis to investigate potential sex disparities in de novo metastatic breast cancer prognosis (6005 women, 41 men). For both sexes, increased trends were evident for cancer stages I and II, with a stabilizing trend at the later years for women, while stage III incidence remained stable. An increased trend for de novo metastatic breast cancer in women, and to a lesser extent in men, was observed. No difference in de novo metastatic breast cancer overall survival between sexes was observed (hazard ratio = 1.24; 95% confidence interval = 0.85 to 1.81). The comparable features in terms of incidence and prognosis of de novo metastatic breast cancer between sexes imply similarities, supporting the adoption of common treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aglaia Schiza
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irma Fredriksson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumours and Sarcoma, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antonios Valachis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wenthe J, Eriksson E, Sandin L, Lövgren T, Jarblad JL, Dahlstrand H, Olsson-Strömberg U, Schiza A, Sundin A, Irenaeus S, Rowinsky E, Ullenhag G, Loskog A. Abstract PO-018: Inflaming advanced solid tumors including pancreatic cancer using LOAd703, a TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL-armed oncolytic virus. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca21-po-018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is resistant to PD1/PDL1 blocking antibodies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if immunotherapy with LOAd703, an oncolytic adenovirus armed with trimerized CD40L and 4-1BBL, can sensitize PDAC to mAbs targeting PD1/PDL1. The high content of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDCSs) in the tumor microenvironment may in part explain the limited anti-tumor T cell response in PDAC. We have previously shown that gemcitabine can reduce MDSCs in patients with PDAC, with the T cell proliferative capacity remaining intact. Further, LOAd703 has been demonstrated to efficiently and robustly kill PDAC cells and stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), which, in turn, induces T cell activation. Patients with advanced PDAC, colorectal, biliary, and ovarian cancer (NCT03225989) were treated with intratumoral injections of LOAd703 combined with appropriate chemotherapy such as gemcitabine ± nab-paclitaxel for PDAC patients, or combined with gemcitabine if there was no standard of care. Blood sampling was performed for immune cell profiling and anti-adenovirus antibodies (flow cytometry, ELISA). Tumor biopsies were also analyzed for mRNA expression (NanoString; PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel). The study was approved by the ethical review board and the Swedish Medical Products Agency. The dose of LOAd703 was escalated (5 × 10e10 VP, 1 × 10e11 VP, 5 × 10e11VP) in separate cohorts of new patients and administered every other week. To date, blood samples from 23 patients have been analyzed by flow cytometry to profile immune cells. The mean percentages of monocytic- and granulocytic MDSCs, Tregs and M2-like myeloid cells were significantly decreased after treatment initiation. The effector memory (EM) and central memory (CM) CD8+ T cells were significantly increased, while naïve and CM cells were increased among CD4 T cells. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells expressing ICOS were present post-treatment but only CD8 T cells showed significant elevation of PD1. The NanoString data were analyzed using published mRNA immune signatures (bioinformatics). LOAd703 in combination with chemotherapy inflamed tumor lesions as shown by increased markers of the T cell inflamed signature (16 genes), T effector cell signature (19 genes), expanded immune signature (25 genes) and IFNg-related gene signature (12 genes) (week 1 versus week 13). Anti-adenovirus antibody titers increased in all patients after treatment initiation. The antibody levels did not correlate with the dose of virus, radiological response to treatment, nor overall survival. The results presented herein show that LOAd703 combined with chemotherapy enhances immune reactivity in patients with immune cold tumors as demonstrated by increases in EM and CM T cells in the peripheral blood, while suppressive immune cells were decreased. Further, the tumor milieu was inflamed post treatment as shown by mRNA profiling. Hence, LOAd703 may sensitize immune cold tumors to mAbs targeting PD1/PDL1.
Citation Format: Jessica Wenthe, Emma Eriksson, Linda Sandin, Tanja Lövgren, Justyna Leja Jarblad, Hanna Dahlstrand, Ulla Olsson-Strömberg, Aglaia Schiza, Anders Sundin, Sandra Irenaeus, Eric Rowinsky, Gustav Ullenhag, Angelica Loskog. Inflaming advanced solid tumors including pancreatic cancer using LOAd703, a TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL-armed oncolytic virus [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-018.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hatschek T, Foukakis T, Bjöhle J, Lekberg T, Fredholm H, Elinder E, Bosch A, Pekar G, Lindman H, Schiza A, Einbeigi Z, Adra J, Andersson A, Carlsson L, Dreifaldt AC, Isaksson-Friman E, Agartz S, Azavedo E, Grybäck P, Hellström M, Johansson H, Maes C, Zerdes I, Hartman J, Brandberg Y, Bergh J. Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, and Docetaxel vs Trastuzumab Emtansine in Patients With ERBB2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 2021; 7:1360-1367. [PMID: 34165503 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Importance Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is presently approved for treatment of advanced breast cancer and after incomplete response to neoadjuvant therapy, but the potential of T-DM1 as monotherapy is so far unknown. Objective To assess pathologic complete response (pCR) to standard neoadjuvant therapy of combination docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab (DTP) vs T-DM1 monotherapy in patients with ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-positive breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized phase 2 trial, conducted at 9 sites in Sweden, enrolled 202 patients between December 1, 2014, and October 31, 2018. Participants were 18 years or older, with ERBB2-positive tumors larger than 20 mm and/or verified lymph node metastases. Analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Interventions Patients were randomized to receive 6 cycles of DTP (standard group) or T-DM1 (investigational group). Crossover was recommended at lack of response or occurrence of intolerable toxic effects. Assessment with fluorine 18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT) was performed at baseline and after 2 and 6 treatment cycles. Main Outcome and Measures Pathologic complete response, defined as ypT0 or Tis ypN0. Secondary end points were clinical and radiologic objective response; event-free survival, invasive disease-free survival, distant disease-free survival, and overall survival; safety; health-related quality of life (HRQoL); functional and biological tumor characteristics; and frequency of breast-conserving surgery. Results Overall, 202 patients were randomized; 197 (99 women in the standard group [median age, 51 years (range, 26-73 years)] and 98 women in the investigational group [median age, 53 years (range, 28-74 years)]) were evaluable for the primary end point. Pathologic complete response was achieved in 45 patients in the standard group (45.5%; 95% CI 35.4%-55.8%) and 43 patients in the investigational group (43.9%; 95% CI 33.9%-54.3%). The difference was not statistically significant (P = .82). In a subgroup analysis, the pCR rate was higher in hormone receptor-negative tumors than in hormone receptor-positive tumors in both treatment groups (45 of 72 [62.5%] vs 45 of 125 [36.0%]). Three patients in the T-DM1 group experienced progression during therapy. In an exploratory analysis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes at 10% or more (median) estimated pCR significantly (odds ratio, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.42-5.36; P = .003). Response evaluation with 18F-FDG PET-CT revealed a relative decrease of maximum standardized uptake value by more than 31.3% (median) was associated with pCR (odds ratio, 6.67, 95% CI, 2.38-20.00; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, treatment with standard neoadjuvant combination DTP was equal to T-DM1. Trial Registrations ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02568839; EudraCT number: 2014-000808-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hatschek
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theodoros Foukakis
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judith Bjöhle
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Lekberg
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Fredholm
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ana Bosch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gyula Pekar
- Department of Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lindman
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aglaia Schiza
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Oncology, Southern Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden
| | - Jamila Adra
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anne Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lena Carlsson
- Department of Oncology, Sundsvall Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | | | | | - Susanne Agartz
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edward Azavedo
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Grybäck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Hellström
- Central Trial Office, Clinical Trial Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hemming Johansson
- Central Trial Office, Clinical Trial Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Maes
- Central Trial Office, Clinical Trial Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Zerdes
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Brandberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Breast Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Strell C, Folkvaljon D, Holmberg E, Schiza A, Thurfjell V, Karlsson P, Bergh J, Bremer T, Akslen LA, Wärnberg F, Östman A. High PDGFRb Expression Predicts Resistance to Radiotherapy in DCIS within the SweDCIS Randomized Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3469-3477. [PMID: 33952629 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzes the potential of stromal platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFRb) expression as biomarker for radiotherapy (RT) benefit on ipsilateral breast events (IBE) in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Improved identification of DCIS patients refractory to adjuvant whole-breast RT is needed. Predictive biomarker studies in DCIS have focused on tumor cell features rather than the tumor-associated stroma, despite growing evidence of its influence on therapy efficiency. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Samples from the Swedish randomized radiotherapy DCIS trial (SweDCIS) were subjected to IHC analysis for stromal PDGFRb expression. IBE incidence at 10 years after breast-conserving surgery was the primary endpoint. Interactions between marker and treatment were analyzed. RESULTS PDGFRb score was predictive for RT benefit with regard to IBE (P interaction = 0.002 and P interaction = 0.008 adjusted multivariably). Patients of the PDGFRblow group had a strong benefit from RT regarding IBE risk [HR, 0.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12-0.45; P < 0.001] with an absolute risk reduction of 21% (cumulative risk 7% vs. 28%) at 10 years. No significant risk reduction by RT was observed for patients of the PDGFRbhigh group (HR, 0.83; 0.51-1.34; P = 0.444; cumulative risk 22% vs. 25%). The RT response-predictive effect of stromal PDGFRb was equally strong in analyses for in situ and invasive IBE when analyzed separately (in situ IBE: P = 0.029; invasive IBE: P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest high stromal PDGFRb expression as a novel biomarker identifying DCIS patients who are refractory to standard whole-breast adjuvant RT. The data imply previously unrecognized fibroblast-mediated modulation of radiosensitivity of DCIS, which should be further explored from mechanistic and targeting perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Strell
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dick Folkvaljon
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Holmberg
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aglaia Schiza
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Viktoria Thurfjell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Karolinska Institutet and Breast Cancer Section, Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lars A Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Fredrik Wärnberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arne Östman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schiza A, Mauri D, Fredriksson I, Valachis A. Predictive role of HER2-status on the effectiveness of endocrine adjuvant treatment in postmenopausal breast cancer patients: a population-based cohort study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 186:779-789. [PMID: 33258078 PMCID: PMC8019428 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are conflicting results on the potential role of HER2-status on the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and tamoxifen (TAM) in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer (BC). The purpose of this population-based cohort study was to investigate the potential benefit of AIs compared to TAM as adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal BC patients by HER2-status in the era of modern therapy with HER2-blockade. METHODS A population-based cohort study was performed including all postmenopausal women diagnosed with HR-positive BC without distant metastasis between 2007 and 2012 in three healthcare regions in Sweden. We analyzed the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) in two distinct cohorts (HER2-negative, HER2-positive) based on the type of endocrine therapy (ET) used. A propensity score matching was performed separately in the HER2-negative and HER2-positive cohorts, respectively. RESULTS After propensity score matching, 4368 patients with HER2-negative and 214 patients with HER2-positive BC were available for analysis. In the HER2-negative cohort, an improved BCSS [Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.77, p value < 0.001] and a trend toward improved OS (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.41-1.08, p value = 0.093) in favor of AI-based therapy was observed. In the HER2-positive cohort, no statistically significant difference between AI-based ET and TAM was found in terms of either BCSS or OS, although the direction of HR was similar as in the HER2-negative cohort (HR for BCSS: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.14-5.04, p = 0.849; HR for OS: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.10-3.38, p = 0.345). CONCLUSION Our study results, based on propensity-matched cohorts, did not support any predictive value of HER2-status on endocrine therapy in postmenopausal BC patients. AI-based ET remains the treatment of choice for postmenopausal BC patients with HR-positive disease in the modern era of HER2-directed therapy irrespective of HER2-status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aglaia Schiza
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsvag 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Davide Mauri
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Irma Fredriksson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Valachis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjoldsvag 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lopez JS, Camidge R, Iafolla M, Rottey S, Schuler M, Hellmann M, Balmanoukian A, Dirix L, Gordon M, Sullivan R, Henick BS, Drake C, Wong K, LoRusso P, Ott P, Fong L, Schiza A, Yachnin J, Ottensmeier C, Braiteh F, Bendell J, Leidner R, Fisher G, Jerusalem G, Molenaar-Kuijsten L, Schmidt M, Laurie SA, Aljumaily R, Rittmeyer A, Gort E, Melero I, Mueller L, Sabado R, Twomey P, Huang J, Yadav M, Zhang J, Mueller F, Derhovanessian E, Sahin U, Türeci Ö, Powles T. Abstract CT301: A phase Ib study to evaluate RO7198457, an individualized Neoantigen Specific immunoTherapy (iNeST), in combination with atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-ct301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Neoantigens arising from somatic mutations are attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy as they may be recognized as foreign by the immune system. RO7198457, a systemically administered RNA-Lipoplex iNeST was designed to stimulate T cell responses against neoantigens. A first-in-human Phase Ib study of RO7198457, in combination with the aPD-L1 antibody atezolizumab is being conducted in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Methods: RO7198457 is manufactured on a per-patient basis and contains up to 20 tumor-specific neoepitopes. Nine doses of RO7198457 were administered i.v. in weekly and bi-weekly intervals during the 12-week induction stage and every 24 weeks during the maintenance stage. Atezolizumab 1200 mg was administered on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Results: In total, 132 patients enrolled in cohorts with doses ranging from 15-50 μg RO7198457 in combination with atezolizumab. Most common tumor types were NSCLC, TNBC, melanoma and CRC. The median number of prior therapies was 3 (range 1-11). 39% of patients received prior immunotherapy. Most patients had low levels of PD-L1 expression (93% patients with <5% PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, 79% patients with <5% expression on immune cells). The median number of RO7198457 doses received was 8; 16% of patients discontinued due to PD prior to completing 6 weeks of therapy. The majority of adverse events (AE) were Grade 1-2. AEs occurring in ≥ 15% of patients included infusion related reaction (IRR)/cytokine release syndrome (CRS), fatigue, nausea and diarrhea. IRR/CRS were transient and reversible and presented primarily as Grade 1-2 chills and fever. There were no DLTs. Seven patients (5%) discontinued treatment due to AEs related to study drugs. RO1798457 induced pulsatile release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with each dose, consistent with the innate immune agonist activity of the RNA. RO7198457 induced neoantigen-specific T cell responses were observed in peripheral blood in 37/49 (77%) patients by ex vivo ELISPOT or MHC multimer analysis. Induction of up to 6% MHC multimer-stained CD8+ T-cells with memory phenotype was observed in peripheral blood. RO7198457-induced T cells against multiple neoantigens that were detected in post-treatment tumor biopsies. Of 108 patients who underwent at least one tumor assessment, 9 responded (ORR 8%, including 1 CR) and 53 had SD (49%). Conclusion: RO7198457 in combination with atezolizumab has a manageable safety profile consistent with the mechanisms of action of the study drugs and induces significant levels of neoantigen-specific immune responses. A randomized Ph2 study of RO7198457 1L melanoma patients in combination with pembrolizumab has been initiated, and two randomized clinical trials are planned for the adjuvant treatment of patients with NSCLC and CRC.
Citation Format: Juanita S. Lopez, Ross Camidge, Marco Iafolla, Sylvie Rottey, Martin Schuler, Matthew Hellmann, Ani Balmanoukian, Luc Dirix, Michael Gordon, Ryan Sullivan, Brian S. Henick, Charles Drake, Kit Wong, Patricia LoRusso, Patrick Ott, Lawrence Fong, Aglaia Schiza, Jeffery Yachnin, Christian Ottensmeier, Fadi Braiteh, Johanna Bendell, Rom Leidner, George Fisher, Guy Jerusalem, Laura Molenaar-Kuijsten, Marcus Schmidt, Scott A. Laurie, Raid Aljumaily, Achim Rittmeyer, Eelke Gort, Ignacio Melero, Lars Mueller, Rachel Sabado, Patrick Twomey, Jack Huang, Manesh Yadav, Jingbin Zhang, Felicitas Mueller, Evelyna Derhovanessian, Ugur Sahin, Özlem Türeci, Thomas Powles. A phase Ib study to evaluate RO7198457, an individualized Neoantigen Specific immunoTherapy (iNeST), in combination with atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT301.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanita S. Lopez
- 1The Royal Marsden Hospital (Sutton, Surrey), Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Camidge
- 2University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Marco Iafolla
- 3Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc Dirix
- 8GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Kit Wong
- 12Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Lawrence Fong
- 15UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Fadi Braiteh
- 19Comprehensive Cancer Center Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
| | - Johanna Bendell
- 20Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | - Rom Leidner
- 21Providence Cancer Center EACRI, Portland, PA
| | - George Fisher
- 22Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jack Huang
- 31Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Irenaeus S, Schiza A, Mangsbo SM, Wenthe J, Eriksson E, Krause J, Sundin A, Ahlström H, Tötterman TH, Loskog A, Ullenhag GJ. Local irradiation does not enhance the effect of immunostimulatory AdCD40L gene therapy combined with low dose cyclophosphamide in melanoma patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:78573-78587. [PMID: 29108250 PMCID: PMC5667983 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background AdCD40L is an immunostimulatory gene therapy under evaluation for advanced melanoma, including ocular melanoma. Herein, we present the final data of a Phase I/IIa trial using AdCD40L alone or in combination with low dose cyclophosphamide +/- radiation therapy. Methods AdCD40L is a replication-deficient adenovirus carrying the gene for CD40 ligand (CD40L). Twenty-four patients with advanced melanoma were enrolled and treated with AdCD40L monotherapy, or combined with cyclophosphamide +/- single fraction radiotherapy. The patients were monitored for 10 weeks using immunological and radiological evaluations and thereafter for survival. Results AdCD40L treatment was safe and well tolerated both alone and in combination with cyclophosphamide as well as local radiotherapy. Four out of twenty-four patients had >1 year survival. Addition of cyclophosphamide was beneficial but adding radiotherapy did not further extend survival. High initial plasma levels of IL12 and MIP3b correlated to overall survival, whereas IL8 responses post-treatment correlated negatively with survival. Interestingly, antibody reactions to the virus correlated negatively with post IL6 and pre IL1b levels in blood. Conclusions AdCD40L was safely administered to patients and effect was improved by cyclophosphamide but not by radiotherapy. Immune activation profile at baseline may predict responders better than shortly after treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Irenaeus
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aglaia Schiza
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara M Mangsbo
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Wenthe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Eriksson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Krause
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Sundin
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas H Tötterman
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Angelica Loskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gustav J Ullenhag
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|